Synthesis and characterization of hydrogenated sorbic acid grafted dicyclopentadiene tackifier

Hydrocarbon resins, which are defined as low molecular weight, amorphous, and thermoplastic polymers, are widely used as tackifier for various types of adhesives, as processing aids in rubber compounds, and as modifiers for paint and ink products, and for plastics polymers such as isotactic polypropylene. Typically, hydrocarbon resins are non-polar, and thus highly compatible with non-polar rubbers and polymer. However, they are poorly compatible with polar system, such as acrylic copolymer, polyurethanes, and polyamides. Moreover, recently the raw materials of tackifier from naphtha cracking had been decreased because of light feed cracking such as gas cracking. To overcome this problem, in this study, novel hydrocarbon resins were designed to have a highly polar chemical structure. And, it was synthesized by Diels–Alder reaction of dicyclopentadiene monomer and sorbic acid from blueberry as renewable resources. Acrylic resins were formulated with various tackifiers solution including hydrogenated sorbic acid grafted dicyclopentadiene tackifier in acrylic adhesive and rolling ball tack, loop tack, 180° peel adhesion strength, and shear adhesion strength were measured. The properties depend on the softening point and polar content of tackifiers.     

热聚型石油树脂研究

以乙烯裂解副产物C5馏分经过分离装置处理得到的活性组分双环戊二烯 (DCPD)为原料、与脱环C5馏分和C9馏分混合 ,通过热聚合的方法生产出兼有C5石油树脂性质和C9石油树脂性质的优良树脂。简介了产品生产工艺及热聚方案 ,讨论了反应温度、C9原料以及DCPD含量对热聚型石油树脂的收率、软化点及色相的影响。     

植物油脂基压敏胶的研究进展及动态

以天然可再生的植物油脂为原料制备压敏胶是解决目前石油基压敏胶基料资源短缺和环境问题的有效途径，也是目前学术研究和应用开发的热点之一。笔者综述了近年来国内外研究者在植物油脂基压敏胶方面的研究进展，按照植物油基高分子的种类(环氧树脂、丙烯酸树脂、脂肪酸衍生物、聚酯及聚氨酯等)进行了分类，重点总结了植物油脂基压敏胶基体的设计思路以及改性方法，在此基础上探讨了植物油脂基压敏胶改性研究方向(包括功能型植物油单体的开发、聚合物结构的优化等)，以期为设计发展新型的生物基压敏胶材料提供可行的理论与参考。     

催化裂解石脑油加氢利用路线开发

催化裂解与传统的高温蒸汽裂解相比,通过催化剂降低催化裂解反应活化能和反应温度,除生产乙烯、丙烯和丁烯等主要化工原料外,还副产一定量的轻质芳烃。分析催化裂解石脑油,结果表明,催化裂解石脑油主要为C₅~C₉馏分,芳烃质量分数62.97%,苯、甲苯和二甲苯质量分数54.38%,与全馏分裂解汽油相当,是优质的抽提芳烃原料。提出对原料进行预处理后,经两段加氢、产品抽提芳烃的利用路线,并在试验室采用切割塔及等温床完成对原料的预处理,制取满足两段加氢要求的原料。在一段入口温度(45~55) ℃、反应压力2.8 MPa、氢油体积比100∶1、液时空速1.5 h-1和二段入口温度(250~255) ℃、反应压力2.8 MPa、氢油体积比600∶1和液时空速1.5 h^-1条件下,对一段和二段进行1 000 h的加氢评价试验,结果表明,一段加氢后产品双烯值均＜2.5 g-I·（100g油）^-1,二段加氢产品溴价＜1.0 g-Br·（100g油）^-1,硫含量＜1.0 μg·g^-1,满足芳烃抽提对原料烯烃及硫含量的要求。     

改性胺催化固化环氧树脂的研究

研究将脂肪胺预先与酮类形成酮亚胺后催化固化环氧树脂的一些力学性能。实验表明，酮亚胺作环氧树脂固化剂配制时反应温和不易爆聚，并且起始黏度低．渗透性好，固结体压缩强度和粘接强度高，韧性好，破坏时的压缩形变可达20％以上。酮亚胺改性后掺入催化剂C1促进环氧树脂的固化，固结体强度大大提高，压缩强度达130MPa，粘接铁片的拉伸剪切强度为16．1MPa。     

Properties of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers chemically modified by rosin

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPUs) are prepared including different amounts of rosin in their composition. Rosin is used either as an additive, mixed in the TPU solutions, or as a reactant in the chain‐extension step of polymer synthesis. The properties of the materials are studied using solution viscosity measurements, size‐exclusion chromatography, stress‐controlled rheometry, differential scanning calorimetry, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and contact angle determinations. Rosin as an additive does not markedly change the polymer properties. On the contrary, the use of rosin in the chain‐extension step leads to sharp increases of viscosity and molar mass as well as improvements of rheological properties and changes in morphology: the crystalline regions are more affected (variations in the softening temperature and enthalpy) than the amorphous ones (quite constant glass‐transition temperature). The conclusion is that rosin acts as an actual chain extender and that it modifies the organization of both the hard and the soft segments of the polymers. Furthermore, the TPUs are used as raw materials of solvent‐based adhesives, which adhesion properties are characterized by T‐peel tests of PVC/TPU adhesive joints. Rosin as an additive cannot improve the low tack (initial adhesive strength) of TPU, although as a chain extender or cochain extender (together with butane diol) rosin allows development of significant initial adhesive strengths, while keeping a high level of actual (maximal) adhesive strength. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 3402–3408, 2001     

以CPP裂解石脑油为原料制取芳烃

针对以CPP工艺产生裂解石脑油经过加氢去除二烯烃、烯烃及硫化物,按照裂解石脑油苯及甲苯含量及产量,对苯及甲苯进行分离,芳烃抽提装置采用中国石油化工集团石油化工科学研究院开发的环丁砜抽提蒸馏工艺(SED),以裂解加氢石脑油为原料生产苯、甲苯产品,副产抽余油和C8产品,装置于2011年9月10日开始施工,2012年5月建成,6月29日投产,产品合格。     

Adhesion and rheological properties of EVA-based hot-melt adhesives

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers of various melt indexes were blended with aromatic hydrocarbon resin in the molten state, and the thermal and adhesion properties as hot-melt adhesives (HMAs) were investigated. The thermal properties for the EVA blends with aromatic hydrocarbon resin were studied using differential scanning calorimeter, Brookfield viscometer and dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer. Their adhesion strength was also obtained using single lap shear strength. The examination of thermal properties for the blend of EVA copolymers with aromatic hydrocarbon resin over a large temperature range showed that the glass transition temperature was independent of their melt index (MI), but that their heat of fusion decreased with increasing MI of EVA copolymers. Furthermore, the storage and loss moduli of the blends decreased with increasing temperature and MI of EVA copolymers, but the loss tangent (tan δ) of the blends increased. An increase in the MI of EVA copolymers decreased the adhesion strength of the blend at the same test condition.     

Novel acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) containing silver particles

Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are generally considered as nonelectrically conductive materials. The electrical conductivity is incorporated into acrylic polymer after blending with electrical conductive additives like silver particles. After the addition of electrically conductive silver filler, the main and typical properties of PSAs such as tack, peel adhesion, and shear strength will decline. This study is the first trial which reveals that the acrylic self-adhesive basis must be synthesized with ameliorated initial performances like high tack and excellent adhesion. Currently, the electrically conductive solvent-borne acrylic PSA containing silver fillers are not commercially available on the market. They are promising materials which can be applied for the manufacturing of diverse technical or medical high performance self-adhesive products, such as broadest line of special electrically conductive sensitive tapes.     

Study on co-cracking performance of different hydrocarbon mixture in a steam pyrolysis furnace

Co-cracking is a process where the mixtures of different hydrocarbon feed stocks are cracked in a steam pyrolysis furnace, and widely adopted in chemical industries. In this work, the simulations of the co-cracking of ethane and propane, and LPG and naphtha mixtures have been conducted, and the software packages of COILSIM1D and SimCO are used to account for the cracking process in a tube reactor. The effects of the mixing ratio, coil outlet temperature, and pressure on cracking performance have been discussed in detail. The co-cracking of ethane and propane mixture leads to a lower profitability than the cracking of single ethane or single propane. For naphtha, cracking with LPG leads to a higher profitability than single cracking of naphtha, and more LPG can produce a higher profitability.     

可水分散多异氰酸酯

可水分散多异氰酸酯是随现代工业的发展要求而研发的。它可自如地分散于水中，用于粘接木材，替代现在工业用的三醛胶黏剂；或者与含活泼氢的水性聚合物组成双组分胶黏剂，使用前分散于水性主剂中。它系非醛类环保型物质，近年发展迅速。简述国内外发展状况及其主要合成方法。重点介绍有关木材用胶黏剂的专利技术，附带简述黎明化工研究院与河南科技大学合作进行的合成实验部分结果。     

Improving the adhesion strength of polymers: effect of surface treatments

Abstract

To improve their adhesion strength, polymeric surfaces are usually modified through different treatments. This study investigates the effect of mechanical, chemical, and energetic treatments on the bonding strength of ethylene propylene diene methylene (EPDM), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) materials. Three adhesives based on different chemical compositions, namely silicone, polyurethane, and modified-silane (MS) polymer, were considered. Results show that the effect of the applied treatments on the adhesion strength of EPDM surfaces is insignificant. Only a slight improvement is obtained in the case of polyurethane-based adhesive, while the failure modes remained adhesive. As for PVC, most treatments were effective in the case of the silicone-based adhesive, especially grit blasting, primer, and UV/ozone treatments. Only UV/ozone treatment improved the adhesion strength and altered the failure mechanisms of this material when polyurethane and MS-based adhesives are used. The adhesion of ABS increased and the failure modes changed from adhesive to cohesive for most treatments. Particularly, a significant improvement is obtained when primer coating and UV/ozone radiation are applied. This comparative study paves the way for the design of polymeric joints with highly enhanced adhesion performance.     

Adhesive properties of liquid crystalline hydroxypropyl cellulose–propylene glycol blends

Adhesion (tack) of the liquid crystalline hydroxypropyl cellulose–propylene glycol (HPC/PG) systems has been studied under various loading modes as well as their rheology and phase state. The system with the optimum tack according to the Dahlquist criterion (HPC/PG?=?85/15 wt.%) was chosen based on its rheological properties (viscosity, storage and loss moduli at 20 and 50?°C). Tack measurements were carried out for this system. Rheological measurements revealed the presence of the critical stress detected by the abrupt drop of viscosity. The adhesive behavior of the system deviates significantly from one of the conventional pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs): almost no tack is observed when using contact force and contact time typical for a PSA. To achieve good adhesion with this system one needs substantially higher pressure and contact time. At 20?°C, adhesive failure is observed in most cases and high contact forces (over 500–600?g) are required to overcome critical stress and obtain noticeable tack characteristics. At 50?°C, fibrillation and cohesive failure are usually observed with some residue of the system on the probe after debonding. Usage of high contact forces (600–1000?g) and contact times (up to 1000?s) allows us to reach significant values of the maximum debonding stress (up to 1.25?MPa) and energy (up to 420?J/m²). These values are on the same level or even higher than the corresponding values for standard PSAs.     

石脑油裂解装置建模与仿真技术

裂解装置提供了石化行业大部分基础原料，石脑油是目前国内外重要的裂解原料。对石脑油裂解反应过程、结焦过程和裂解炉辐射段的建模与仿真进行了综述：目前对分子动力学研究较多，用于离线仿真能够获得较好的效果，但在线应用不多；自由基动力学模型则是深入研究石脑油裂解过程本质的必然途径，在实际应用中越来越显示出其优越性。     

PSA performances and viscoelastic properties of SIS‐based PSA blends with H‐DCPD tackifiers

Hotmelt pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) usually contain styrenic block copolymers like styrene–isoprene–styrene (SIS), SBS, SEBS, tackifier, oil, and additives. These block copolymers individually reveal no tack. Therefore, a tackifier is a low molecular weight material with high glass transition temperature (T_g), and imparts the tacky property to PSA. The SIS block copolymer with different diblocks was blended with hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene (H‐DCPD tackifier), which has three kinds of T_g. PSA performance was evaluated by probe tack, peel strength, and shear adhesion failure temperature. PSA is a viscoelastic material, so that its performance is significantly related to the viscoelastic properties of PSAs. We tested the viscoelastic properties by dynamic mechanical analysis and the thermal properties by differential scanning calorimeter to investigate the relation between viscoelastic properties and PSA performance. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl PolymSci 102: 2839–2846, 2006     

炼油产乙烯裂解原料的优化利用及经济分析

炼油厂的一次、二次加工油品及副产气体是乙烯裂解炉的主要原料来源。主要对炼油产乙烯裂解原料进行优化利用,分析不同优质裂解原料对三烯收率影响及其经济性,为乙烯装置原料选择,优化降本,根据市场需求生产乙烯、丙烯或丁二烯产品,提高经济效益提供参考。     

Chloromodified ethylene propylene diene polymers

The heterogeneous gas/solid chlorination of various ethylene propylene diene polymers has been studied at temperatures between 0 and 75°C at conditions which are unfavourable for free radical reactions. The structure of the chloromodified polymers has been cleared by n.m.r. and from these data a chlorination mechanism has been proposed. An equation for the diffusion controlled chlorination rate has also been given as well as some cure characteristics and mechanical properties of allylic chlorine containing chloromodified ethylene propylene dicyclopentadiene polymers.     

我国水性聚氨酯鞋用胶黏剂技术发展近况

简述鞋用胶黏剂发展历程以及我周水性聚氨酯（WPU）鞋用胶黏剂技术进展和取得的初步成果,重点介绍该胶黏剂所用原料和工艺。优选混合聚酯型多元醇、混合脂肪族型多异氰酸酯、磺酸和羧酸混合基内乳化剂为主要原料,强调应重视各类助剂的使用。采用连续法工艺,可获得高质量水性鞋用胶黏剂。     

轻烃催化裂解制低碳烯烃反应规律与原料特征化

利用小型固定床实验装置对比研究了轻烃模型化合物的催化裂解性能,从优到劣的顺序依次是正构烯烃、正构烷烃、环烷烃、异构烷烃、芳香烃。正构烷烃、异构烷烃与环烷烃催化裂解的总低碳烯烃收率有较大差别,但是总低碳烯烃选择性却均在56.57%左右。研究了直馏石脑油的催化裂解性能,发现乙丙烯收率和总低碳烯烃收率随反应温度的升高及重时空速的降低而逐渐增大;在反应温度680℃、重时空速4.32 h^-1和水油稀释比0.35的条件下,乙丙烯收率35.87%（质量）,总低碳烯烃收率为41.94%（质量）。针对轻烃催化裂解提出了原料特征化参数KF,它是原料H/C原子比、相对密度与分子量的函数,能较好地表征轻烃原料的催化裂解性能。     

Silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives with selective adhesion characteristics

The peel, probe tack, and loop tack adhesion characteristics of peroxide-cured silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are investigated with respect to adhesive composition, peroxide concentration, and type of substrate. These adhesion properties decrease with increasing benzoyl peroxide concentration and their adhesion values vary noticeably with the substrate type. However, the loop adhesion to 'difficult-to-wet' surfaces (e.g. silicone-coated substrates) can be selectively enhanced by incorporating an organofunctional silicone into the silicone PSA mixture. The enhancement in adhesion is attributed to a wetting/adhesion improvement at the adhesive- substrate interface, and relates to the type of organosilicone modifier in the order aminosilicone > vinylsilicone > epoxysilicone > fluorosilicone.