涕灭威及其代谢物在苹果在土壤中残留量分析

本文概述了涕灭威及其代谢物在苹果和土壤中残留量的分析方法。样品以内酮提取，过氧乙酸氧化，二氯甲烷萃取，气火焰光度检测器测定。涕灭威在土壤和苹果中的最低检测浓度分别为０．００４、０．００４毫克／公斤，空白样品添加０．１－２．０毫克／公斤，涕灭威及其代谢物的平均回收率和变异系数分别为８４．７－１０９．７％及１．０－７．８％。     

气相色谱法测定玉米中乙草胺残留量

本文报道了玉米中乙草胺残留量的气相色谱测定法，样品用石油醚－丙酮提取，乙腈液－液分配净化，电子捕获检测器测定。乙草胺的最小检测量为８．６×１０＾－１２克，在玉米中最低检测浓度０．００１毫克／公斤。空白样品添加０．０４－１．００毫克／公斤的平均回收率和变异系数分别为９４．５％和２．６％。     

涕灭威及其代谢物在苹果和土壤中残留量分析

本文概述了涕灭威及其代谢物在苹果和土壤中残留量的分析方法。样品以丙酮提取，过氧乙酸氧化，二氯甲烷萃取，气谱火焰光度检测器（ＧＣ／ＦＰＤ）测定。涕灭威在土壤和苹果中的最低检测浓度分别为０００４、０００４毫克／公斤，空白样品添加０１～２０毫克／公斤，涕灭威及其代谢物的平均回收率和变异系数分别为８４７～１０９７％及１０～７８％。     

腈菌唑在小麦,土壤上残留与降解的动态试验研究

本试验为腈菌唑在辽宁、江苏两地的两年残留测定，作物为小麦。分析目标为麦粉、麦杆、青植株、土壤，四种试材分析方法的添加回收率均为７５％以上。１９９３年土壤的半衰期辽宁、江苏分别为２７．２天和２３．７天，小麦青植株的半衰期辽宁、江苏分别为２．１天和２．５天；１９９４年土壤的半衰期辽宁、江苏分别为２５．８天和３６．７天，小麦青植株的半衰期辽宁、江苏分别为４．３天和３．３天。试验施药剂量为２５毫克／公斤（２．５克／亩）及５０毫克／公斤（５．０克／亩）两种，在收获期小麦麦粉及麦杆中的残留量都低于参照的允许残留量０．１毫克／公斤及２．０毫克／公斤，安全间隔期为２０天。分析结果表明腈菌唑对小麦使用安全。     

薄层层析－荧光光谱法测定柑桔中赤霉素残留量

本文研究硅胶Ｇ为吸附载体的薄层层析－荧光光谱法，用于测定柑桔中赤霉素残留量。采用添加回收的方法，在柑桔样品中添加０．０３、０．１０和０．２０毫克／公斤三个水平，相对标准偏差分别为１７．７、１１．０和８．０；回收率分别为７１．０～１１７．３％、８０．９～１０７．１％和８２．５～１０３．５％。     

喹禾灵在花生地中残留动态研究

本文主要研究喹禾灵在花生植株及土壤环境中的残留与降解动态，采用气相色谱法电子捕获检定器（ＥＣＤ）测定。仪器的最小检出量为１×１０￣（－１１）克，样品的最低检出浓度为０．００１毫克／千克。喹禾灵本体在花生叶、花生仁、土壤中的平均回收率分别为：８２．１～８３．３％、８２．９～８６．１％、８３．６～９２．３％，变异系数依次为２．７～８．７％、３．２～５．３％、０．８～６．２％；喹禾灵酸在花生仁和土壤中的平均回收率分别为８５．２～８８．４％、８１．７～８８．４％，变异系数依次为３．９～５．８％、６．７～７．８％。     

乙氧氟草醚在稻株、稻谷、土壤和田水中残留分析方法

本文报道了乙从氟草醚除草剂在稻株、稻谷、土壤和田水中的残留分析方法。样品以甲醇提取，活性比炭－硅镁型吸附剂－氧化铝层析柱净化，气谱（ＧＣ／ＥＣＤ）检测。乙氧氟草醚的囊低检出量为１×１０￣（－１２）克，在稻株、稻谷、土壤和田水中的最低检出浓反分别为０．００５、０．０１、０．００５、０．０００１毫克／公斤。空白样品添加标准回收率试验，三档浓度平均回收率为１０１．３％，变异系数为３．６％。     

薄层层析—荧光光谱法测定柑桔中赤霉素残留量

本文研究硅胶Ｇ为吸附载体的薄层层析－荧光光谱法，用于测定柑桔中赤霉素残留量。采用添加回收的方法，在柑桔样品中添加０．０３、０．１０和０．２０毫克／公斤三个水平，相对标准偏差分别为１７．７、１１．０和８．０；回收率分别为７１．０－１１７．３％、８０．９－１０７．１％和８２．５－１０３．５％。     

酰胺唑及其代谢物在土壤和梨中残留量分析

本文概述了酰胺唑及其代谢物在土壤和梨中残留量的分析方法，样品以丙酮提取，二氯甲烷萃取，氟罗里硅土柱净化，气谱电子捕获检测器测定。ＩＭ和ＩＢＣ－０１的最小检测量为８．１×１０＾－１１克，５．０×１０＾－１１克，在土壤和梨中的最低检测浓度分别为０．００８９、０．００６７毫克／公斤和０．００５６，０．００４２毫克／公斤。     

流动注射分析法测定食盐中的碘酸盐

本文采用流动注射分析法测定了食盐中的碘酸盐含量，最佳操作条件为０．１５％碘化钾－１．５％磷酸－０．１％淀粉溶液，水为载液，线性范围０．４～１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，检测限为０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ连续１１次测定含碘量为１８．９２ｍｇ／ｋｇ食盐样品，变异系数２．２８４％，回收率９９．８％～１００．３％。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。