改进粒子群优化算法在[GM(1,1,λ)]模型上的应用

提出了一种带有动态自适应惯性权重和随机变异策略的粒子群优化算法．在每次迭代时,算法可根据粒子的适应度变化动态改变惯性权重,从而使算法具有动态自适应性。当用早熟判断机制判断算法陷入早熟收敛时,采用随机变异策略使其跳出局部最优。将改进的算法应用于GM(1,1,λ)模型的求解,具体实例表明改进的粒子群优化算法能够显著提高GM(1,1,λ)模型的精度。     

带变异算子的非线性惯性权重PSO算法

为了克服粒子群优化算法容易陷入局部最优、早熟收敛的缺点,提出了一种带有变异算子的非线性惯性权重粒子群优化算法。该算法以粒子群算法为基础,首先采用非线性递减策略对惯性权重进行调整,平衡粒子群优化算法的全局和局部搜索能力。当出现早熟收敛时,再引入变异算子,对群体粒子的最优解做随机扰动提高算法跳出局部极值的能力。用三种经典测试函数进行测试,试验结果表明,改进算法与粒子群算法相比,能够摆脱局部最优,得到全局最优解,同时具有较高的收敛精度和较快的收敛速度。     

带变异算子的非线性惯性权重 PSO 算法

为了克服粒子群优化算法容易陷入局部最优、早熟收敛的缺点,提出了一种带有变异算子的非线性惯性权重粒子群优化算法.该算法以粒子群算法为基础,首先采用非线性递减策略对惯性权重进行调整,平衡粒子群优化算法的全局和局部搜索能力.当出现早熟收敛时,再引入变异算子,对群体粒子的最优解做随机扰动提高算法跳出局部极值的能力.用三种经典测试函数进行测试,试验结果表明,改进算法与粒子群算法相比,能够摆脱局部最优,得到全局最优解,同时具有较高的收敛精度和较快的收敛速度     

一种新的位置变异的PSO算法

针对标准粒子群优化算法在优化高维复杂函数时易产生早熟收敛的问题,提出一种新的位置变异的PSO算法。为平衡算法的全局和局部搜索能力,新算法按一定概率交替使用随机惯性权重和标准PSO算法的惯性权重;为增强种群多样性和抑制算法早熟,新算法在每次迭代中,对满足一定条件的粒子都进行一种有效脱离局部最优区域的位置变异。最后,通过对5个标准测试函数在60维和90维的性能对比实验证实：新算法收敛精度高,且有效克服了早熟收敛问题。     

一种新的自适应动态文化粒子群优化算法

为了克服粒子群优化算法在解决复杂问题时易陷入局部最优的缺陷, 提出了一种新的自适应动态文化粒子群优化算法。该算法引入评价粒子群早熟收敛程度的指标来判断种群空间粒子群状态, 以确定影响函数对种群空间粒子群的作用时机, 当算法陷入局部最优时, 自适应地利用影响函数对种群空间进行变异更新, 从而有效发挥文化粒子群算法的双演化双促进机制。并且根据种群的早熟收敛程度自适应地调整粒子的惯性权重, 使种群在进化过程中始终保持惯性权重的多样性, 在算法的全局收敛性与收敛速度之间作一个很好的折中。最后对四个经典的测试函数进行仿真, 结果表明该算法具有很强的搜索能力, 收敛速度和收敛精度也有所提高。     

混合变异算子的自适应粒子群优化算法

针对惯性权重线性递减粒子群算法(LDW)不能适应复杂的非线性优化搜索过程的问题,提出了一种非线性递减的惯性权重策略,使算法很快地进入局部搜索,并在算法中引入混合变异算子,克服算法易早熟收敛的缺陷。对几种典型函数的测试结果表明,本文算法的收敛速度和收敛精度都明显优于LDW算法。     

一种新的带有动态自适应惯性权重和混合变异的粒子群优化算法

提出一种新的带有混合变异算子的自适应粒子群优化算法.该算法使用了动态自适应惯性权重,粒子群中所有粒子适应度的整体变化可以跟踪粒子群的状态,在每次迭代时,算法可根据粒子的适应度变化动态改变惯性权重,从而使算法具有动态自适应性.在每次迭代过程中,对符合变异条件的粒子进行混合变异.通过对六个典型的测试函数的试验,表明该方法具有较强的全局寻优能力,克服了基本PSO易陷入早熟收敛的现象,并进一步提高了计算精度.     

基于自适应粒子群的SVM参数优化研究

针对粒子群算法在优化SVM参数时,存在着易陷入局部最优,早熟收敛的问题,首先提出了一种用自适应权重来代替惯性权重的粒子群算法,再引入自适应变异对粒子群算法进行优化,增强粒子的种群多样性,使其能够跳出局部最优解,从而达到全局最优.最后,将改进后的算法(GPSO-SVM)应用到UCI标准数据集上进行验证,实验结果表明,改进后的算法提高了粒子的搜索性能,是一种有效的SVM参数优化算法.     

带有非线性惯性权重和柯西变异的粒子群优化算法

粒子群优化算法是一种新型启发式智能优化算法,它运行速度快,收敛性强,但是容易陷入局部极值.为了克服粒子群算法的早熟收敛现象,提出了一种新的带有非线性惯性权重和柯西变异的粒子群优化算法.首先,对算法中的惯性权值进行改进,增强粒子局部收敛能力;然后,利用柯西变异算子,增加种群多样性.数值实验表明,提出的改进粒子群优化算法具有较快收敛速度,寻优能力强,能有效克服早熟收敛现象.     

融合变异策略的自适应蝴蝶优化算法

蝴蝶优化算法是近年来提出的一种新型自然启发式算法。针对基本蝴蝶优化算法收敛速度慢、求解精度低、稳定性差等问题,提出了一种融合变异策略的自适应蝴蝶优化算法。通过引入动态调整转换概率策略,利用迭代次数和个体适应度的变化信息动态调整转换概率,有效维持了算法全局探索与局部搜索的平衡;通过引入自适应惯性权重策略和局部变异策略,利用惯性权重值和混沌记忆权重因子进一步提高了算法的多样性,有效避免算法早熟收敛,同时加快了算法的收敛速度和求解精度。利用改进算法对12个基准测试函数进行仿真实验,与基本蝴蝶优化算法、粒子群算法、樽海鞘群算法、灰狼优化算法等其他算法对比表明,改进算法具有收敛速度快、寻优精度高、稳定性强等优异性能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.