纳米纤维素/壳聚糖/明胶复合膜的制备及其性能研究

以明胶（Gel）、壳聚糖（CS）、纳米纤维素（NCC）为原料,采用溶液共混法制备了不同NCC和CS质量比的纳米纤维素/壳聚糖/明胶复合膜。采用紫外-可见分光光度计、扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、热分析仪（TGA）和质构仪对所制备复合膜的透光性能、显微结构、化学结构、晶体结构、热学性能和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明：纳米纤维素、壳聚糖、明胶之间形成相互作用较强的网络结构。复合膜表面光滑,分散均匀,具有良好的相容性。随着纳米纤维素含量的增加,复合膜透光率呈下降的趋势。与壳聚糖膜相比,复合膜的热稳定性显著提高。当纳米纤维素与壳聚糖质量比为7：1时,复合膜拉伸强度最高可达到33 MPa,断裂伸长率可达到14.9%,吸水率最大值可达到341%。     

花青素明胶复合膜的制备及表征

采用流延法制备了花青素明胶复合膜,并研究了膜层结构及性能。结果表明:花青素没有改变明胶的半结晶性,红外图谱中也没有出现新的吸收峰。膜层表面平整,无明显凹坑、凸起。不同花青素明胶膜的含水率不同。添加花青素对复合膜透光率影响较小。玫瑰花青素明胶复合膜力学性能最优、抗氧化活性最强,玫瑰茄花青素明胶复合膜具有良好的pH智能响应性。     

《明胶科学与技术》2004年(第24卷)总目录

.题目(期)页 1.综述评论 工型胶原的制备、表征及应用研究进展(1)1反应增容及其在聚合物改性中的应用(2)57明胶生产废水及其治理(3)n3海藻酸盐和明胶/海藻酸钠混合凝胶(4)169 2.研究报告明胶/壳聚糖共混膜的制备(1)24明胶/XNBR复合膜的制备及其性能的 研究(3)121 3.工艺技术对明胶骨料卫生及食用安全的探讨(1)29PA改性明胶与母体明胶的质量比较(l)31牲骨含油率的测定(1)35夏季骨料新鲜程度对水力脱脂骨粒质 童的影响(2)70影响胶囊壁厚的因素(2)72明胶生产中控公式(3)126改善明胶生产废水污染的磷酸氢钙回 收工艺,(3)130关于饲料磷酸氢钙(…     

京尼平交联明胶蛋白与壳聚糖抗菌膜的制备及性能研究

以壳聚糖和明胶两种化合物为原料,并以天然的京尼平为交联剂,制备复合抗菌膜。通过单因素和正交设计试验探讨成膜材料比例、甘油添加量、京尼平添加量对明胶和壳聚糖复合抗菌膜性能的影响,并对膜材料的抗菌性能等进行研究。结果表明:京尼平对于改善壳聚糖抗菌复合膜的拉伸性能和阻隔性能具有很好的效果。膜制备的最佳工艺条件是明胶与壳聚糖配比为6∶4,甘油添加量2%,京尼平添加量0.6%,此时膜的拉伸强度(TS) 1.86 MPa,断裂伸长率(E)30.46%,透光率(T) 54%,水蒸气透过率(WVP)1.22%,大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌性分别为18.68 mm和16.25 mm。在此条件下制得的壳聚糖复合膜具有良好的阻隔性能、抗拉强度、致密性和抑菌性能,可用于食品保鲜和抗菌内外包装的使用。     

核桃青皮多酚改性壳聚糖-明胶复合膜的制备及其性能

以核桃青皮多酚、壳聚糖、明胶为原料,制备了核桃青皮多酚改性壳聚糖-明胶复合膜。经过力学性能、水溶解性、水蒸气透过率(WVP)、DPPH(1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼)自由基清除率测试,得出复合膜液的最佳改性配方为:核桃青皮多酚提取物质量分数为2%(以膜溶液质量计),V(质量分数为2%壳聚糖)∶V(质量分数为10%明胶溶液)=45∶55,该配方制备的复合膜抗张强度为49.8 MPa、水溶解率为16.5%、WVP为0.15(g·mm)/(h·m~2·k Pa)、DPPH自由基清除率为80.40%。经X射线衍射、红外光谱和电镜扫描进行结构表征,结果证实改性过程中核桃青皮多酚与壳聚糖和明胶发生了交联反应,所制的复合膜结构致密,相容性良好,核桃青皮多酚能改善复合膜内部的结构并提升其综合性能。     

微波交联CTS/GLT共混膜的制备及性能研究

以甲醛为交联剂在微波条件下交联壳聚糖和明胶，成功制备出微波交联CTS／GLT（壳聚糖／明胶）共混膜。研究了膜的力学性能、吸水性和透光率。研究结果表明，最佳制膜条件为微波功率500W，微波辐射时间1．0min，交联剂用量为壳聚糖的0．4％，壳聚糖／明胶质量比为80／20。膜的拉伸强度为56．39MPa，吸水率为1．33％，透光率为92．3％。     

细菌纤维素填充的水刺激-力响应羧基丁腈橡胶复合膜（英文）

采用浇铸法通过将细菌纤维素晶须(BCW)与羧基丁腈橡胶胶乳(XNBR)混合制备了BCW/XNBR橡胶复合膜,研究了该膜的吸水性能及吸水前后常温储能模量的变化。结果表明,随着时间延长,BCW/XNBR膜的吸水速率减小,约3 d达到溶胀平衡状态。随着BCW用量的增加,BCW/XNBR膜的平衡溶胀程度增大,当BCW为10份(质量)时膜的吸水质量分数最大达到18%。吸水后BCW/XNBR膜的常温储能模量显著降低,加入10份BCW时较吸水前降低了87.3%,这表明BCW/XNBR膜具有良好的水刺激-力响应性能。     

细菌纤维素填充的水刺激-力响应羧基丁腈橡胶复合膜

采用浇铸法通过将细菌纤维素晶须(BCW)与羧基丁腈橡胶胶乳(XNBR)混合制备了BCW/XNBR橡胶复合膜,研究了该膜的吸水性能及吸水前后常温储能模量的变化.结果表明,随着时间延长,BCW/XNBR膜的吸水速率减小,约3d达到溶胀平衡状态.随着BCW用量的增加,BCW/XNBR膜的平衡溶胀程度增大,当BCW为10份(质量)时膜的吸水质量分数最大达到18％.吸水后BCW/XNBR膜的常温储能模量显著降低,加入10份BCW时较吸水前降低了87.3％,这表明BCW/XNBR膜具有良好的水刺激-力响应性能.     

壳聚糖/丁香精油微乳液复合膜的制备及其对n-3猪肉的保鲜应用

为获得保鲜性能优良的复合膜,延长冷藏猪肉的保藏期,实验制备不同浓度的壳聚糖/丁香精油微乳液复合膜,测试复合膜的力学性能等相关指标,分析复合膜的综合性能,对n-3猪肉进行保鲜处理,探究对猪肉的保鲜效果。研究结果显示,壳聚糖/丁香精油微乳液复合膜有效降低了水蒸气透过率并提升断裂伸长率,其中体积分数为0.6%的微乳液复合膜的力学性能最佳,断裂伸长率达(45.06±10.28)%,体积分数为0.8%的丁香精油微乳液复合膜的阻湿性最好,其水蒸气透过率为(0.38±0.035)×10^-10 g/(Pa·d·m)。壳聚糖/丁香精油微乳液复合膜可将猪肉保藏期由3 d有效延长至12 d,说明壳聚糖/丁香精油微乳液复合膜包装性能优良,保鲜效果良好,在猪肉保鲜应用中具有一定潜力。     

光交联明胶-壳聚糖共混膜制备及性能研究

本实验用以聚乙烯醇-苯乙烯基吡啶盐的缩合物(PVA-SbQ)为光敏剂,运用紫外光辐照法以制备交联明胶-壳聚糖共混膜。用傅立叶红外、X-射线衍射方法对膜的结构进行表征,并对膜的力学性能、吸湿率、透光率性能进行研究。研究表明:PVA-SbQ分子与明胶、壳聚糖分子间存在氢键作用,光交联后,共混膜形成网状结构,有效地改善了共混膜的力学性能、吸湿性和紫外屏蔽性能等。     

硫氰酸钠法明胶改性腈纶的研究

采用丙烯腈对明胶接枝改性 ,然后与聚丙烯腈共混纺丝的方法 ,制备了明胶改性腈纶 ,研究了改性比 (明胶 /丙烯腈 ,质量比 )和明胶含量对明胶改性腈纶机械性能、吸湿保水性能的影响。研究结果表明 ,当改性比为 0 .7～ 2 .0 ,明胶含量不超过 5 .0 %时 ,改性腈纶具有良好的机械性能 (断裂强度大于 3 .1c N/dtex) ,可以满足后纺加工的需要 ;改性腈纶纤维亲水性能良好 ,随着改性比的减小、明胶含量的增加 ,其回潮率和保水率都逐渐增大。     

Enhancement of the mechanical and tribological properties of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber filled with cryptocrystalline graphite by different preparation methods

As a cost-effective and environmentally friendly natural mineral, cryptocrystalline graphite (CG) is applied in rubber materials and its performance has been evaluated. In this work, the filler dispersion and mechanical and tribological properties of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR)/CG composites by different preparation methods were studied. XNBR/CG composites prepared by latex blending (XNBR/CG-L) exhibited better mechanical and tribological performance, higher toughness, and lower heat build-up than those prepared by mechanical blending (XNBR/CG-M). These differences were ascribed to the filler dispersion degree, filler amount and dispersed size, and also filler–rubber interfacial interaction. Adding CG was conducive to improving the stability of the friction coefficient and reduced the wear rate via the formation of graphite lubricant and transfer films. The tribological performance of XNBR/CG-L was superior to that of XNBR/CG-M because of the improved tensile strength, tear resistance, and toughness as well as lower temperature rise. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscope observation showed a smoother worn surface, less and smaller wear debris of XNBR/CG-L, and a more uniform transfer film on the steel counterpart surface. The relevant results provided new insight into the performance and structural design of CG/rubber composites.     

A comparative study of gamma and ultraviolet radiation on gelatin film with 2-ethylhexyl acrylate

Gelatin films were prepared from gelatin granules in an aqueous medium by casting. Tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (Eb%) of the films were found to be 29.2?MPa and 4.9%, respectively. Gelatin films were irradiated under gamma and UV radiation with different doses. Gamma treated gelatin films showed higher TS and Eb% over untreated ones, and even higher than that of the UV treated films. A series of gelatin solutions (formulations) was prepared by blending varying percentages (2–10% by wt) of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) and then the films were prepared. Some EHA-blended gelatin films were irradiated under gamma radiation at various doses (50–500?krad) and other films were cured under UV radiation at different intensities (10–30 UV passes). EHA-blended?+?gamma treated gelatin films showed the highest mechanical properties than that of the EHA-blended?+?UV treated films. The degradation properties present in the soil were determined for the pure and treated films. It was observed that EHA-blended?+?gamma treated gelatin film degrades more than that of the EHA-blended?+?UV treated films.     

Preparation and Mechanical Characterization of Gelatin-Based Films Using 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Cured by UV Radiation

Gelatin films were prepared from gelatin granules in aqueous medium by casting. Tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation at break of the gelatin films were found to be 27 MPa, 100 MPa and 4%, respectively. Gelatin films were soaked in five different formulations containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) (10–50%, by wt), methanol and photoinitiator and then cured under UV radiation. Again, a series of gelatin solutions was prepared by blending varying percentages (10–50% by wt) of HEMA and then films were prepared and UV cured. It was found that tensile properties of gelatin films improved significantly.     

Ionic elastomer blends of zinc salts of maleated natural rubber and carboxylated nitrile rubber: Effect of grafted maleic anhydride

Zinc neutralized maleated natural rubbers (Zn‐MNR) were prepared by solution grafting and neutralization with zinc acetate in one‐step. It was later used for blending with carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) in the composition of 50/50 parts by weight. The effect of grafted anhydride content (1.2, 1.6, 2.0, and 2.5% wt of NR) on the tensile properties of ionic rubber blends (Zn‐MNR/XNBR) was investigated. The tensile strength of the ionic blends was found to be greater than those of pure rubbers. The modulus, tensile, and tear strength of the blends dramatically increased with increasing levels of grafted anhydride. The ionic rubber blends also possessed superior physical properties compared to those of the corresponding nonionic rubber blends (MNR/XNBR). Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopic studies were performed to verify the process of mixing. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies were carried out to characterize the nature of specific intermolecular interactions between Zn‐MNR and XNBR chain segments. The results indicated that the ion‐ion (Zn⁺ ‐COO^?) interactions between Zn‐MNR and XNBR are formed at the interface, which provides the mean of compatibilization in the ionic rubber blends. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Effect of fillers on morphological properties and wear characteristics of XNBR/NR blends

The blends of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) and natural rubber (NR) were prepared using a blending technique in the presence of different types of carbon black. The effect of filler on morphological and wear characteristics was studied. ISAF N234 carbon black showed a significant effect on curing, mechanical, and thermal studies. The DIN abrader results showed high abrasion resistant properties of 80 wt % NR and 20 wt % XNBR with ISAF N234. The rubber compound containing 40 wt % of NR and 60 wt % of XNBR with ISAF N234 is found to be the toughest rubber against all types of rock. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120:710–718, 2011     

羧基丁腈橡胶的硫化性能

用无硫硫化体系、低硫高促进剂硫化体系、普通硫黄硫化体系、过氧化物硫化体系、金属氧化物硫化体系和硫黄／金属氧化物硫化体系对羧基丁腈橡胶（XNBR）进行了硫化,研究了XNBR的硫化性能、物理机械性能、耐老化性能、压缩永久变形和耐油性能。结果表明,采用普通硫黄硫化体系、硫黄／金属氧化物硫化体系所得到的XNBR硫化胶的综合物理机械性能较好;用无硫硫化体系、低硫高促进剂硫化体系和硫黄／金属氧化物硫化体系所得到的XNBR硫化胶的耐老化性能较好;用硫黄／金属氧化物硫化体系所得到的XNBR硫化胶的耐磨性、压缩永久变形较好;用普通硫黄硫化体系和硫黄／金属氧化物硫化体系所得到的XNBR硫化胶的耐油性能较好。     

Impact of blend ratio on the properties of graphene oxide‐filled carboxylated acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber/styrene–butadiene rubber blends

Carboxylated acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (XNBR) and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) composites with 3 phr (parts per hundred rubber) graphene oxide (GO) were prepared using a latex mixing method. Effects of XNBR/SBR blend ratios on the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, solvent resistance and thermal stability of the XNBR/SBR/GO nanocomposites were studied. The tensile strength, tear strength, thermal conductivity and solvent resistance of the XNBR/SBR/GO (75/25/3) nanocomposite were significantly increased by 86, 96, 12 and 21%, respectively, compared to those of the XNBR/SBR (75/25) blend. The thermal stability of the nanocomposite was significantly enhanced; in other words, the temperature for 5% weight loss and the temperature of the maximal rate of degradation process were increased by 26.01 and 14.97 °C, respectively. Theoretical analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the GO tended to locate in the XNBR phase, which led to better properties of the XNBR/SBR/GO (75/25/3) nanocomposite. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synergism in properties of ionomeric polyblends based on zinc salts of maleated high-density polyethylene and carboxylated nitrile rubber

An ionic thermoplastic elastomer (ITPE) was prepared by melt blending zinc salts of carboxylated nitrile rubber (Zn–XNBR) and maleated high-density polyethylene (Zn–mHDPE). The synergism in physical properties of the ITPE is due to the formation of strong intermolecular ionic crosslinks, which act as a compatibilizer. Infrared studies revealed that ionic interactions are stronger in the ionomeric polyblends as compared to the neat ionomers. The ionomeric polyblend of Zn–XNBR/Zn–mHDPE shows higher physical properties than those of the corresponding nonionomeric polyblend of XNBR/mHDPE. Dynamic mechanical thermal analyses showed the occurrence of a high-temperature transition in the neat ionomers and the ionomeric polyblend, due to the relaxation of the restricted mobility region in the ionic cluster region, but it is absent in the nonionomeric polyblend. Reprocessability studies and measurements of physical properties show the thermoplastic elastomeric nature of the ionomeric polyblend. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 483–492, 1998     

Synthesis of poly(acrylic acid)–Fe3+/gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) triple‐network supramolecular hydrogels with high toughness,high strength and self‐healing properties

Hydrogels with good mechanical and self‐healing properties are of great importance for various applications. Poly(acrylic acid)–Fe³⁺/gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PAA‐Fe³⁺/Gelatin/PVA) triple‐network supramolecular hydrogels were synthesized by a simple one‐pot method of copolymerization, cooling and freezing/thawing. The PAA‐Fe³⁺/Gelatin/PVA triple‐network hydrogels exhibit superior toughness, strength and recovery capacity compared to single‐ and double‐network hydrogels. The mechanical properties of the synthesized hydrogels could be tailored by adjusting the compositions. The PAA‐Fe³⁺/Gelatin/PVA triple‐network hydrogel with 0.20 mmol Fe³⁺, 3% gelatin and 15% PVA could achieve good mechanical properties, the tensile strength and elongation at break being 239.6 kPa and 12.8 mm mm^?1, respectively, and the compression strength reaching 16.7 MPa under a deformation of about 91.5%. The synthesized PAA‐Fe³⁺/Gelatin/PVA triple‐network hydrogels have good self‐healing properties owing to metal coordination between Fe³⁺ and carboxylic groups, hydrogen bonding between the gelatin chains and hydrogen bonding between the PVA chains. Healed PAA‐Fe³⁺(0.20)/Gelatin3%/PVA15% triple‐network hydrogels sustain a tensile strength of up to 231.4 kPa, which is around 96.6% of the tensile strength of the original samples. Therefore, the synthesized triple‐network supramolecular hydrogels would provide a new strategy for gel research and expand the potential for their application. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry