纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合骨修复材料的共沉淀法制备及其性能表征

通过共沉淀法制备了纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合骨修复材料,并采用 TEM、IR、XRD、TGA 及万能材料试验机等手段对材料进行分析表征,还通过对材料的燃烧试验研究了复合材料中两相间的分散均匀性。结果表明:复合材料中的羟基磷灰石为类似于自然骨矿物相的弱结晶含碳酸纳米晶体,并均匀分散于有机相壳聚糖中;复合后壳聚糖在 1655cm-1的酰胺Ⅰ谱带和 1599cm-1 的—NH2 吸收峰均向低波数方向移动,暗示复合材料中两相间发生了相互作用。复合材料的力学性能较之两种单组分材料有明显的改善,当纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖重量比为 70/30 时,复合材料的抗压强度最高,达120MPa左右,可满足骨组织修复与替代材料的要求。     

纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合生物材料研究

骨的特殊性能决定了其在人体中起重要的功能作用,人工骨材料对骨缺损的治疗有重要意义。羟基磷灰石是人和动物骨骼的主要无机成分;壳聚糖是天然可降解多糖,降解产物为对人体组织无毒、无害的氨基葡萄糖。纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合生物材料可以实现羟基磷灰石和壳聚糖两者的优势互补,具有优良的生物活性、生物相容性和力学性能。介绍了近年来纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合生物材料的主要合成方法(如共混法、共沉淀法、原位沉析法、交替沉积法和模拟体液法等),并在此基础上介绍了基于纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖的三元复合材料的研究及发展情况;最后,展望了纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合生物材料未来的发展方向。     

纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素三元复合骨修复材料的制备和性能研究

用溶液共混法在常温常压下制备了不同比例的纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素三元复合骨修复材料.用燃烧实验、IR、XRD、SEM及TEM对复合材料的组成结构及形貌进行了分析和观察,并初步研究了其力学性能.结果表明该复合材料中纳米羟基磷灰石均匀分散在壳聚糖和羧甲基纤维素网络结构中,三组分间还产生了一定的相互作用,其形态、尺寸及结构与自然骨类似,且其抗压强度比纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖二元复合材料更高;同时,通过调节各组分比例,可制得不同抗压强度的复合材料.因此,该三元复合材料可望作为一种新型可降解的非承重部位骨修复材料,在生物医学材料的研究中具有重要意义.     

磷酸钙在纳米羟基磷灰石／硅橡胶复合材料表面的仿生合成

将纳米羟基磷灰石，硅橡胶复合材料浸泡于模拟体液（SBF）中仿生合成了磷酸钙，利用IR、XRD、ICP和SEM等测试手段对表面沉积物进行表征．结果表明：在模拟体液中浸泡后，复合材料表面形成了分布均匀的以羟基磷灰石为主要成分的晶粒，表面羟基磷灰石的比例得到提高，生物学性能得以进一步改善；表明纳米羟基磷灰石，硅橡胶复合材料是一种生物活性材料．     

原位沉析羟基磷灰石-壳聚糖骨组织工程支架材料的研制

仿生构建羟基磷灰石-壳聚糖复合材料是制备骨组织修复材料的重要途径之一.本研究利用有机官能团对无机物矿化的调控作用,在壳聚糖多孔支架表面原位沉析羟基磷灰石(HAp).在仿生溶液中,采用简单的化学处理,使HAp晶体在壳聚糖多孔支架表面原位沉析.研究结果表明壳聚糖分子结构中的氨基作为成核位点,在碱性条件下首先与吸附Ca2 ,再通过静电作用力吸附仿生溶液中的PO43-、OH-等其它离子促使HAp晶体在壳聚糖支架材料表面的成核、长大.此类材料有望成为一种生物活性的骨组织工程材料.     

羟基磷灰石/胶原蛋白/壳聚糖多孔支架的制备及性能研究

通过共滴定法合成工艺制备出羟基磷灰石/胶原蛋白粉体,以制备的羟基磷灰石/胶原蛋白粉体为原料,选用冷冻干燥成型技术,制备羟基磷灰石/胶原蛋白/壳聚糖复合多孔支架材料.研究结果表明:通过X射线衍射分析和透射电镜分析,羟基磷灰石/胶原蛋白纳米粉体中羟基磷灰石晶粒是针状的弱结晶的晶体,与天然骨中的纳米羟基磷灰石晶粒相近;羟基磷灰石/胶原蛋白/壳聚糖复合多孔支架的抗压强度、孔隙率、平均孔径可达到骨组织工程支架材料的要求,是由有机-无机三相复合、具有三维多孔结构、又有良好机械性能的具有发展潜力的骨支架材料.     

纳米羟基磷灰石表面改性研究现状

纳米羟基磷灰石/聚合物复合材料在骨组织工程中得到广泛应用,但是纳米羟基磷灰石与聚合物的相容性非常差,在使用过程中易出现相分离现象,限制了其应用。通过在纳米羟基磷灰石表面接枝有机高分子,可以改变其表面性质、有效地改善HA与聚合物的相容性,从而提高复合材料的性能。文中综述了最近几年纳米羟基磷灰石表面改性的相关研究,着重对纳...     

可注射nano HA/PAG/CS复合材料的制备与表征

通过原位聚合法制备了可注射纳米羟基磷灰石/天门冬氨酸-谷氨酸共聚物/硫酸钙复合材料(HA/PAG/CS), 采用FTIR、XRD、SEM对复合材料的组成结构、表面形貌及力学性能进行了表征, 研究了复合材料在模拟体液(SBF)中的降解性能。结果显示: 复合材料无机相羟基磷灰石、硫酸钙与有机相天门冬氨酸-谷氨酸共聚物之间存在化学相互作用, 具有良好的抗压强度; 7周后, 复合材料在SBF中完全降解, 降解方式为表面降解; 在降解过程中, 浸泡液的pH值在6.4~7.4之间变化; 复合材料在SBF中浸泡后, 其表面能够沉积磷灰石, 表明复合材料具有良好的生物活性, 有利于植入体与骨组织形成良好的界面结合。     

纳米羟基磷灰石与有机物复合的研究进展

综述了近年国内外纳米羟基磷灰石与有机物复合的研究进展。分析了纳米羟基磷灰石与聚乳酸、聚酰胺、聚乙烯与聚己丙脂等人工合成有机物,及纳米羟基磷灰石与胶原、壳聚糖、人骨形成蛋白、明胶等天然有机物复合材料的复合方法、力学性能、生物相容性等的研究进展。并对未来的发展做了展望。     

纳米羟基磷灰石-胶原蛋白-壳聚糖复合生物材料

采用共沉淀法制备了纳米羟基磷灰石．胶原蛋白．壳聚糖复合生物材料，用IR、XRD、TEM及万能材料实验机等方法对材料性能进行了分析表征。结果表明：羟基磷灰石．胶原蛋白．壳聚糖复合生物材料在晶相组成、化学成分、羟基磷灰石尺寸上具有类骨结构，并具有良好的力学性能．其抗压强度达到128MPa，可满足骨组织修复与替代的要求。有望成为治疗骨缺损的承力替代物。     

Comparison of Ca/P mineralization on the surfaces of poly (ε-caprolactone) composites filled with silane-modified nano-apatite

This study aims to comparatively investigate the Ca/P mineralization on the surfaces of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composites with apatite nano-fillers, which were modified with silane coupling agents. Three kinds of silane coupling agents like 3-Methylacryoxypropyltrimethoxy silane (KH560), γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy silane (KH570), and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane (KH792) were firstly employed to modify the surfaces of nano-apatite particles, and then silane-modified nano-apatite/PCL composites were prepared by combining solvent dispersion and melting co-blending with hot-pressing methods. The Ca/P mineralization of the modified PCL-Matrix composites was evaluated by soaking in 2-time simulated body fluid (2SBF) at 36.5 °C and pH 7.40 after 21 days. These results showed that the Ca/P mineralization on the surface of the silane-modified composite was same as not modified composite. Apatite obtained on the surface of the modified composite film was of lower crystallinity, 1.62 Ca/P ratio and carbonate ceramic, similar to inorganic composition of bone in biological body, and not notably different from one of not modified PCL composite. This discussion revealed that as-fabricated silane-modified composite could achieve Ca/P mineralization and exhibited the ability of obtaining like-bone apatite on own surface like other bioactive materials.     

纳米β-磷酸三钙-胶原/硫酸软骨素支架复合材料的制备与表征

根据仿生学原理,以纳米β-磷酸三钙颗粒(nanoβ-TCP)、胶原(Col)与硫酸软骨素(CS)为原材料通过热脱氢交联(DHT)-碳化二亚胺(EDC)复合改性制备了纳米β-磷酸三钙-胶原/硫酸软骨素(nanoβ-TCP-Col/CS)支架复合材料,利用XRD和AFM分析nanoβ-TCP-Col/CS支架复合材料的微观结构,并进一步采用SEM、XPS、TG和在模拟体液(SBF)中的矿化与降解实验等分析手段对nanoβ-TCP-Col/CS支架复合材料的结构与性能进行表征。结果表明:所用β-TCP晶体的平均尺寸为41.3nm,属纳米级;nanoβ-TCP-Col/CS支架复合材料中nanoβ-TCP与Col、CS之间具有较强的相互作用;nanoβ-TCP-Col/CS复合材料具有较高的稳定性、一定的矿化生物活性以及适宜的生物降解性,是一种潜在的口腔修复材料。     

多孔ZnO/羟基磷灰石生物复合材料的制备与性能

利用放电等离子烧结技术制备多孔ZnO/羟基磷灰石（HA）生物复合材料,研究不同纳米ZnO含量对ZnO/HA复合材料微观结构、孔隙特征、力学性能、矿化和降解性能的影响。结果表明:烧结后ZnO/HA复合材料主要由HA相和ZnO相组成;随着ZnO含量提高,多孔ZnO/HA复合材料孔隙率缓慢增大,抗压强度略有减小,弹性模量变化不大;多孔ZnO/HA复合材料的孔隙率>40%,孔径在50～500 μm之间,抗压强度>148 MPa,弹性模量为6.5 GPa左右,能够满足骨修复材料的要求;模拟人工体液中矿化和降解实验表明,多孔ZnO/HA复合材料浸泡7天后表面开始形成大量类骨磷灰石层,且随着ZnO含量增加,磷灰石形成能力明显增强而降解速率加快。      

In vitro mineralization kinetics of poly(<Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">l</Emphasis>-lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite material by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared mapping coupled with principal component analysis

Poly(l-lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite (PLLA/HA) nanocomposite, which combines the properties of PLLA and HA, is suitable to construct scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Its mineralization behavior plays a key role in composite’s property. In this present work, two PLLA/HA composites with porous and compact architecture were fabricated and soaked into simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C for in vitro mineralization, respectively. An attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FTIR) mapping coupled with principal component analysis was developed to investigate the mineralization kinetics. The FTIR images with an area of 300 × 300 μm² were collected every 7 days. The results suggest that the mineralization of PLLA/HA composites in SBF follows a zero-order kinetic model, no matter what the architecture is. However, it follows a second-order model when the composite is degraded in phosphate-buffered saline solution based on our previous work. The mechanisms of the in vitro mineralization kinetics in different submersion solutions are discussed. Our results alert researchers that they should choose the mineralization medium cautiously.     

壳聚糖-硫酸软骨素共混膜与兔角膜基质细胞相容性的研究

为了探讨硫酸软骨素对壳聚糖膜与兔角膜基质细胞相容性的影响,在制备了不同壳聚糖-硫酸软骨素共混膜的基础上,以壳聚糖-硫酸软骨素共混膜作为载体培养兔角膜基质细胞,研究兔角膜基质细胞在共混膜上贴附、生长和代谢的情况,并观察了细胞的形态结构.结果发现,硫酸软骨素的混入可以有效地提高兔角膜基质细胞在膜上的贴附和生长速度,促进蛋白质的代谢,降低共混膜对细胞的损伤,有利于细胞在膜上长成密集单层,预示了以一定比例混入硫酸软骨素可以显著提高壳聚糖膜与兔角膜基质细胞的相容性,壳聚糖-硫酸软骨素共混膜具有作为兔角膜基质细胞培养和移植载体的潜能.     

Biomimetic mineralization of electrospun poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite scaffolds in vitro

Biomimetic mineralization is an effective method to improve the biocompatibility and bone inductivity of certain materials. In this study, composite scaffolds composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared by electrospinning. Subsequently, the scaffolds were immersed in a simulated body fluid (1.5 × SBF) at 37 °C for 7, 14 and 21 days for biomimetic mineralization. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used for characterization. It was found that the electrospun scaffolds had extremely resemblant structural morphology to the natural extracellular matrix. After mineralization, apatite crystals were deposited on the PLGA/MWNTs composite scaffolds. The mineralized PLGA/MWNTs composites may be potentially useful in tissue engineering applications, particularly as scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration.     

Influence of mineral phase in mineralization of a biocomposite containing chitosan,demineralized bone matrix and bone ash—in vitro study

A resorbable composite which acts as a active barrier in guided bone regeneration was fabricated using chitosan, demineralized bone matrix and bone ash. Its potential to form bone like apatite in simulated body fluid was assessed in this study. The mechanical strength of these composites was correlated with bone ash ratios and composites with better tensile strength were studied for their acellular bioactivity by incubating in simulated body fluid for 21 days. Composites without bone ash did not show acellular bioactivity which was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. In case of biocomposites with bone ash, there was an increase in residual weight indicating the mineralization of the composite. The composite containing bone ash has shown the peaks related to phosphate vibrations in its Fourier-transform infrared spectrum. Scanning micrographs revealed formation of apatite like crystals on its surface. Ca/P ratio was found to be 1·7 which is nearer to that of natural bone. Thus, prepared composites can be used as resorbable biocomposite in maxillofacial and oral defects.     

软体防刺复合材料的设计与优化

采用模压成型工艺制备了个体防护装备用软体防刺复合材料, 研究了树脂基体种类、 纤维织物种类和树脂含量对复合材料防刺性能的影响。结果表明, Surlyn树脂体系具有优异的防刺性能; 芳纶织物作为增强材料的复合材料穿刺性能优于UHMWPE织物; 树脂含量对复合材料的防刺性能也有影响, 当树脂的质量分数为47%时, Kevlar/Surlyn复合材料的防刺性能最优。     

Cellulose modified fibres in cement based composites

The objective of the present work is to evaluate the effect of surface modification of cellulose pulp fibres on the mechanical and microstructure of fibre–cement composites. Surface modification of the cellulose pulps was performed with Methacryloxypropyltri-methoxysilane (MPTS) and Aminopropyltri-ethoxysilane (APTS) in an attempt to improve their durability into fibre–cement composites. The surface modification showed significant influence on the microstructure of the composites on the fibre–matrix interface and in the mineralization of the fibre lumen as seen by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with back-scattered electron (BSE) detector. Accelerated ageing cycles decreased modulus of rupture (MOR) and toughness (TE) of the composites. Composites reinforced with MPTS-modified fibres presented fibres free from cement hydration products, while APTS-modified fibres presented accelerated mineralization. Higher mineralization of the fibres led to higher embrittlement of the composite after accelerated ageing cycles. These observations are therefore very useful for understanding the mechanisms of degradation of fibre–cement composites.