微量元素对AlCu4.5合金力学性能的影响

高强度铸造Al-Cu合金具有良好的室温和高温国强度，但它的热裂倾向性一直是制约其发展的瓶颈，通过对合金的收缩应变和热裂抗力及准固态力学行为进行测试，研究了微量合金元素（Ni,Si,Ce,La,Ti,Zr,Mn）对AlCu4.5合金准固态力学性能的影响。结果表明，Si,Ce,La,Ti,Zr合金元素能使AlCu4.5的热裂倾向性降低，加入质量分数为2%的Si会使合金的再辉现象非常严重，导致合金不可能有很高的强度而很快断裂，与其他AlCu4.5Si合金相比，AlCu4.5Si3合金具有很强的补缩能力，断裂应力值最高；La的加入能缩小二次枝晶间距，明显提高合金的抗热裂性能。     

合金元素对铸造Al-4．5Cu合金准固态力学行为的影响

研究了铸造Al-4．5Cu合金的准固态力学行为及几种合金元素对其凝固行为的影响。结果表明：Si，Ce，La，Ti及Zr元素可有效减小Al-4．5Cu合金的结晶范围，从而使其热裂倾向性降低；La元素的加入可提高Al-4．5Cu合金的热裂抗力：并研制了一种新型Al-4．5Cu合金，该合金具有良好的室温与高温综合性能。     

Si，La对Al-4．5Cu合金准固态凝固行为的影响

通过对合金的收缩应变和热裂抗力及准固态拉伸行为进行测试，研究了合金元素(Si，La)对Al-4．5Cu合金凝固行为的影响。结果表明，Si，La能使Al-4．5Cu的热裂倾向性降低；加入2％Si使合金的再辉现象非常严重，导致合金不可能有很高的强度而很快断裂：与其它Al-4．5Cu-Si合金相比，Al4．5Cu3Si合金具有很强的补缩能力，断裂应力值最高：La的加入能缩小二次枝晶间距，明显提高合金的抗热裂性能。     

A1—Cu合金凝固过程中准固态力学性能及微量元素的影响

采用自制实验装置研究了A1—5％Cu合金在凝固过程中的准固态强度、强度增长率、断裂应变以及B,Ti,盐类细化剂和富Ce混合稀土对合金准固态力学性能的影响．研究结果表明,合金的准固态区即热脆性区,B,Ti和稀土都能降低合金准团相线温度,提高强度增长率和准固相线附近的强度,稀土的作用强于B和Ti．合金的中添加盐类细化剂后,合金准固态强度和断裂应变都比未加盐类细化剂的要低     

稀土对Al-Cu合金凝固过程力学行为及固液共存区的影响

本文用自行设计的实验装置研究了富Ce混合稀土,La,Y和Ce对Al-Cu合金凝固过程力学行为和固液共存区的影响.研究表明,加入稀土后,都不同程度地使得准固相线下移,缩小了准固态区,扩大了准液态区,稀土能提高台金在固相线附近的强度,明显地增加合金在准固态的强度增长率.同时,稀土使合金的热裂纹形成温度降低,增加了热裂纹形成应力,降低了合金的热裂倾向性.通过对合金的微观组织断口分析发现,稀土在α-Al中的溶解度很低,使枝晶细化,并在凝固后期使枝晶间的联生增强。     

INFLUENCE OF RARE EARTHS ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR AND SOLID-LIQUID COEXISTING ZONE OF Al-Cu ALLOYS DURING SOLIDIFICATION

本文用自行设计的实验装置研究了富Ce混合稀土,La,Y和Ce对Al-Cu合金凝固过程力学行为和固液共存区的影响.研究表明,加入稀土后,都不同程度地使得准固相线下移,缩小了准固态区,扩大了准液态区,稀土能提高台金在固相线附近的强度,明显地增加合金在准固态的强度增长率.同时,稀土使合金的热裂纹形成温度降低,增加了热裂纹形成应力,降低了合金的热裂倾向性.通过对合金的微观组织断口分析发现,稀土在α-Al中的溶解度很低,使枝晶细化,并在凝固后期使枝晶间的联生增强。     

Ti含量对Al-Mn合金铸态组织的影响

采用真空感应熔炼、水冷金属型(铜模)冷却凝固的方法,在高Al、低Mn和低Ti合金中制备出铝合金准晶相.通过光学显微镜、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和EDS分析技术,确定了准晶相的组织和相成分.分析了由于合金成分不同,特别是Ti元素含量不同对合金的显微组织及相组成的影响.结果表明,Al-Mn二元合金主要由准晶十边形T相和它的类似晶体相(Al4Mn相)组成;Ti元素的加入能细化准晶T相晶粒,并能抑制类似晶体相的形成;当Ti元素摩尔分数大于3%时,在合金中观察到有花瓣状组织出现.经过X射线衍射和EDS分析,确定其为准晶相,成分为Al67Mn13Ti20.     

Cu和Ce对Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Mn合金组织和力学性能的影响

本文通过光学显微镜、拉伸试验机对比研究了Ce、Cu元素对Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Mn合金组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,Cu、Ce元素对铸态Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Mn合金晶粒细化效果并不明显,但经350℃热变形后,能显著细化挤压态Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Mn合金的晶粒组织,其中Ce细化晶粒的效果更加明显,而且Ce能够抑制合金的动态再结晶。此外,Cu、Ce元素的添加均能提高Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Mn合金沿ED和TD方向的屈服强度和抗拉强度,其中Ce元素提高幅度更大,Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Mn-0.2Ce合金ED、TD方向屈服强度分别为185 MPa和162 MPa。与此同时,这两种元素还可以改善Mg-1.5Zn-0.2Mn合金板材强度的各向异性,其中Cu元素的改善效果更明显。     

Mg元素对Al-4.4Cu-0.15Zr合金热裂性能的影响

为了探究Mg元素加入量对铝铜合金热裂的影响规律,采用热裂敏感系数Hsc对合金热裂倾向与Mg元素加入量关系进行了表征。通过OM、XRD、SEM、TEM等检测手段,分析了Mg元素加入量对Al-4.4Cu-0.15Zr-x Mg(x=1.0、1.5、1.7、2.0、2.2、2.5,wt%)合金热裂敏感性的影响。结果表明,随着Mg元素加入量的增多,晶粒先细化后粗化,晶间低熔点相逐渐增多,合金的热裂倾向先降低后增加;当Mg元素添加量为1.7%时,合金抗热裂性最好,热裂敏感系数为1.16,此时合金晶粒最均匀细小,晶粒间的低熔点相几乎形成连续网状分布。Mg元素通过细化合金晶粒、增加晶间低熔点相体积分数以及改变其分布对合金热裂倾向发生作用。     

Sc、Zr和Er微合金化Al-5Mg填充合金的焊接热裂敏感性

采用鱼骨状试样裂纹试验、SEM和DSC等分析方法研究Sc、Zr和Er的复合添加对新型Al-5.6Mg-1.0Zn-0.6Mn基填充合金焊接热裂敏感性的影响。结果表明:Sc、Zr和Er(含Ti)参与形核核心Al3(Sc,X)的生成,Er(Ti)元素在晶界处形成富Er相,这对试验合金焊道熔池区域的晶粒度和晶间相富集状态影响显著;优化的Sc、Zr和Er成分配比能获得优异的晶粒细化效果,并抑制含Er相对晶界结合的恶化作用,使合金获得较高的焊接热裂抗力;焊接热裂敏感性降低的机理为合金偏析程度的降低、凝固终了温度的相对提高、细小晶粒的转动滑移和细晶晶界应力的分散。     

Research of quasi-solid fracture behavior of casting AI-4.5Cu alloys

1. Introduction Casting Al-Cu alloy with high strength is widely used for its excellent properties in common temperature and high temperature applications. However, this family of alloys has a very special solidification behavior, i.e. wider solidification range, which will result in an inferior cast- ing performance and severe tendency to hot cracking. Hot crack[1] is a very dangerous solidification defect in casting and welding processes. But, up to day, the research on hot cracking is stil…     

Research of quasi-solid fracture behavior of casting Al-4.5Cu alloys

The influencing mechanisms of elements Ti and Ce and their interactions on fracture behaviors of casting alloys Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mn were studied by observing tensile fracture behavior in quasi-solid zone under SEM and EDX instruments.The results indicate that the resistance stress against hot cracking can be improved obviously by addition of Ti, because of its grain refining function. It is also found that, when Ce is added into the alloys, besides its effect in refining crystalline, the mechanical behavior of lower melting point eutectic phase in quasi-solid zone can be improved efficiently by some compounds with Ce formed and deposited between dendrites. Therefore, a coiligating effect of Ti and Ce on improving resistance stress against hot cracking is more efficient than that only single alloy element is applied. When hot cracking occurs, grains yield at first, and then crack spreads. Both inter-grain and trans-grain fractures are observed, but the major fracture manner is brittleness.     

Effects of grain refinement on mechanical properties and microstructures of AZ31 alloy

Cerium was added in AZ31 alloy with the contents of 0.4%,0.8%and 1.2%respectively to produce experimental alloys. The grain refinement of Ce in the as-cast and rolled AZ31 alloy were studied by using Polyvar-MET optical microscope with a VSM2000 quantitative analysis system,KYKY2000 SEM and Tecnai G~2 20 TEM.And the mechanical properties of AZ31+Ce alloy were tested on a CSS-44100 testing system with computerized data acquisition.The results show that the cerium has a good grain refinement effect on the ...     

Al-Cu-Ce合金的微观组织与力学性能

采用X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析及拉伸性能测试等方法,研究3种成分Al-Cu-Ce合金的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明:铸态Al-14Cu-7Ce合金由α-Al+Al8CeCu4片状共晶组成,而Al-10Cu-5Ce、Al-18Cu-9Ce合金中除含有α-Al+Al8CeCu4共晶组织外,还分别含有α-Al和Al8CeCu4初生相。铸态Al-14Cu-7Ce合金具有优良耐热性能,即使550℃×3 h退火后仍能保持约360 MPa的抗拉强度,退火导致合金强度下降的主要原因是高温下共晶Al8CeCu4相的球化。经充分球化退火后,Al-Cu-Ce合金能获得良好的热轧、冷轧变形能力,并且变形态合金也具有良好的耐热性能,因而Al-Cu-Ce合金有望成为一种兼具铸造和变形两用的新型耐热铝合金。     

Effect of Yttrium on Microstructure and Properties of High Temperature Alloys

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Microstructure and damping properties of MnCuNiFeCe alloy

Mn-Cu alloys could exhibit high damping ability and excellent mechanical properties after proper heat treatment. In order to reduce the influence of impurity elements on damping capacity of Mn-Cu alloys, rare element cerium(Ce) was added into MnCuNiFe alloys. It is indicated that the contents of C, S and Si which have adverse effects on the damping capacity decrease and the grains are refined with the Ce content increasing. The microstructure of the MnCuNiFeCe alloy was investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The damping ability(tanδ) of the alloy was characterized by dynamical mechanical analyzer(DMA). It is found that the damping ability(tanδ) retains a very high level which is all above 0.05 from the temperature of-50 to 75 °C with the addition of Ce element. It is expected that the Ce alloying MnCuNiFe alloy with refined grains could find wide applications in the field of industry.     

2090Ce铝锂合金的焊缝热裂纹敏感性及接头力学性能

采用焊缝合金化手段，通过设计新型焊丝向焊缝中添加Ｌｉ、Ｚｒ和Ｃｅ等合金化元素，研究了２０９０Ｃｅ稀土铝锂合金焊缝金属的热裂纹敏感性；探讨了合金元素对接头力学性能的影响及作用规律；进而研究了适用于焊接２０９０Ｃｅ合金的焊丝合金成分。试验结果表明，向焊缝金属中添加适量的合金元素Ｌｉ、Ｚｒ和Ｃｅ，能够细化晶粒；增加焊缝中的共晶数量并改善其分布形态，从而有助于降低焊缝金属的热裂纹敏感性。另外，适量的Ｌｉ、Ｚｒ和Ｃｅ等合金元素还能够在不降低接头塑性的同时，明显改善接头的强度；但Ｌｉ和Ｃｅ含量过多则会对接头性能，特别是塑性造成损害。所设计的焊丝材料能够适用于焊接２０９０Ｃｅ稀土铝锂合金。