基于傅里叶分解-小波包分析的爆破信号去噪方法

针对由于爆破现场施工环境复杂,爆破振动信号包含大量高频噪声的问题,提出一种基于傅里叶分解(FDM)联合小波包阈值方法的降噪方法.首先,基于傅里叶分解理论将爆破振动信号分解为若干傅里叶固有频带函数(FIBFs);然后,分别计算分解所得模态分量与原始信号的相关系数,使用相关系数法筛选出优势分量,将筛选所得优势模态分量进行重构;最后,利用小波包阈值方法对重构所得信号进一步降噪,得到最终纯净的爆破振动信号.结果表明:引入的新方法兼具傅里叶分解及小波包分析的优点,与现有常用方法相比,傅里叶分解-小波包分析联合降噪方法信噪比(10.3940)最高,均方根差(0.0889)最小,所得时程曲线更为平滑,去噪效果更好,为类似爆破振动信号去噪提供新的途径.     

改进的局部均值分解法在爆破振动去噪中的应用

为了解决爆破振动信号的处理精度极易受到噪声信号的干扰的问题,在局部均值分解法(LMD)和总体平均局部均值分解法(ELMD)的基础上,提出了利用自适应互补集合局部均值分解方法(CELMDAN)分解原始信号,然后采用小波阈值法对获得的乘积函数(PF)分量进行去噪,提高了爆破振动信号去噪的精度。结果表明CELMDAN-WT方法有效地识别破振动信号中的噪声信号,实现了信号与噪声的分离,具有良好的自适应性,在爆破信号去噪中有良好的效果。     

改进的局部均值分解法在爆破振动去噪中的应用

为了解决爆破振动信号的处理精度极易受到噪声信号的干扰的问题,在局部均值分解法(LMD)和总体平均局部均值分解法(ELMD)的基础上,提出了利用自适应互补集合局部均值分解方法(CELMDAN)分解原始信号,然后采用小波阈值法对获得的乘积函数(PF)分量进行去噪,提高了爆破振动信号去噪的精度.结果表明CELMDAN-WT方法有效地识别破振动信号中的噪声信号,实现了信号与噪声的分离,具有良好的自适应性,在爆破信号去噪中有良好的效果.     

改进EEMD方法及混沌降噪应用研究EI北大核心CSCD

在总体平均经验模态分解(Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition,EEMD)降噪过程中,对本征模态分量(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF)的有效处理一直是影响降噪效果的关键。为此,提出一种基于改进EEMD的去噪方法。基于"3σ"法则和奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition,SVD)提取第一个IMF分量中有用信号细节。利用连续均方误差准则对剩余IMF分量进行高低频区分,分别使用SVD和S-G算法提取高低频分量的有用信号,可以有效避免了高频部分有用信号的流失,同时剔除低频分量中的部分噪声,克服了EEMD去噪时IMFs难以有效处理的不足。为了验证该方法的有效性,进行了数字仿真与双势阱混沌振动试验,结果表明,该方法的降噪效果优于小波加权和EEMD去噪方法。     

一种改进的集合平均经验模态分解去噪方法

针对现有非平稳信号去噪处理中的难点,提出一种改进的基于集合平均经验模态分解（EEMD）去噪方法,该方法根据本征模态函数（IMF）能量从被测信号中估计出噪声,使用估计的噪声代替EEMD方法中添加的噪声,最后将集合平均IMF分量累加得到去噪信号。使用相关性判据剔除了EMD分解产生的伪IMF分量,改进了噪声估计方法。仿真表明,改进的方法能够对调幅调频含噪信号进行有效的去噪处理。     

改进EEMD方法及混沌降噪应用研究

在总体平均经验模态分解(Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition,EEMD)降噪过程中,对本征模态分量(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF)的有效处理一直是影响降噪效果的关键。为此,提出一种基于改进EEMD的去噪方法。基于“3σ”法则和奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition,SVD)提取第一个IMF分量中有用信号细节。利用连续均方误差准则对剩余IMF分量进行高低频区分,分别使用SVD和S-G算法提取高低频分量的有用信号,可以有效避免了高频部分有用信号的流失,同时剔除低频分量中的部分噪声,克服了EEMD去噪时IMFs难以有效处理的不足。为了验证该方法的有效性,进行了数字仿真与双势阱混沌振动试验,结果表明,该方法的降噪效果优于小波加权和EEMD去噪方法。     

基于CEEMD低通的隧道爆破振动信号去噪

为了消除隧道爆破振动信号中无规则混杂的噪声,引入了一种基于CEEMD(互补集合经验模态分解)的低通去噪方法。首先对模拟正弦信号进行EMD、EEMD、CEEMD分解,验证CEEMD分解方法的优越性,然后使用EMD和CEEMD低通方法分别对新鼓山隧道爆破信号进行去噪处理,结果表明该方法不仅克服了小波类去噪基函数选择困难和EMD模态混叠的问题,还能够使爆破波形保留其真实性和完整性,为爆破信号的精确处理奠定了基础。     

基于CEEMD低通的隧道爆破振动信号去噪

为了消除隧道爆破振动信号中无规则混杂的噪声,引入了一种基于CEEMD(互补集合经验模态分解)的低通去噪方法。首先对模拟正弦信号进行EMD、EEMD、CEEMD分解,验证CEEMD分解方法的优越性,然后使用EMD和CEEMD低通方法分别对新鼓山隧道爆破信号进行去噪处理,结果表明该方法不仅克服了小波类去噪基函数选择困难和EMD模态混叠的问题,还能够使爆破波形保留其真实性和完整性,为爆破信号的精确处理奠定了基础。     

EEMD在爆破振动信号去噪中的应用

针对小波类去噪方法存在基函数的选择,同时未摆脱Fourier变换为基础带来的缺陷、EMD去噪存在模式混叠的问题,将EEMD去噪引入到爆破振动信号处理领域.首先利用仿真试验验证了EEMD克服了EMD的固有缺陷,然后分别利用小波、EMD、EEMD对数值微分所获取的加速度时程曲线进行低通去噪处理,对比结果表明:EEMD不仅具...     

基于EEMD-ICA的脑电去噪算法研究

脑电信号(EEG)是脑神经细胞的电生理活动在大脑皮层的反映,但采集到的脑电信号一般都含有大量噪声。为了保留有效信息同时消除尽可能多的噪声,提出通过构造虚拟通道将集合经验模态分解与独立成分分析相结合的脑电信号去噪方法。首先,对脑电信号进行EEMD分解得到固有模态函数(IMF)分量,根据相关性准则筛选含噪声成分多的IMF分量构造虚拟通道进行ICA去噪;然后,将消噪后的结果与含信号成分多的IMF分量进行重构再次ICA去噪,得到最终去噪信号。为了验证EEMD-ICA去噪方法的有效性,以信噪比、均方根误差作为评价指标,将该方法与小波去噪法、EEMD去噪法、ICA去噪法进行比较,结果表明,EEMD-ICA去噪后的信噪比高于其它方法,均方根误差小于其它方法,综合分析该方法能更好地消除噪声。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.