有机硅改性蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯的制备及性能

端羟丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷（HP-PDMS）取代部分多元醇原料蓖麻油,通过预聚体法制得植物油基水性聚氨酯（WPU）。利用醇羟基和异氰酸酯基之间的反应,引入不同含量的HP-PDMS到WPU链段中,制备出WPU/HP-PDMS复合材料。同时利用全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱测试、透射电子显微镜测试、热稳定性测定、静态接触角测试及拉伸测试探讨复合材料的疏水性、热稳定性和拉伸性能的变化。结果表明, HP-PDMS成功改性蓖麻油基WPU;随着HP-PDMS含量的增加,复合材料的初始热分解温度（T5 %）从225 ℃增加到248.5 ℃,同时,少量HP-PDMS的引入可以一定范围内提高材料的疏水性及拉伸强度。     

生物质改性水性聚氨酯研究进展

综述了近年来利用生物质资源改性水性聚氨酯(WPU)的最新研究状况,重点介绍了以植物油、淀粉、纤维素、松香、胶原蛋白及酪素等为原料改性WPU的研究进展及其应用领域,讨论了生物质改性WPU存在的不足,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

蓖麻油和环氧大豆油改性水性聚氨酯的合成及性能

以聚四氢呋喃二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和2,2-二羟甲基丙酸等为原料,蓖麻油和环氧大豆油(ESO)为改性剂,乙二胺(EDA)为后扩链剂,制备了一系列植物油改性水性聚氨酯(WPU).通过对WP U乳液性能、红外光谱、核磁共振、热重分析、力学性能和耐液体介质性能的测试和分析,考察了两种植物油对WPU的改性效果、不同EDA添加...     

建筑用水性聚氨酯涂料的研究进展

综述了建筑用水性聚氨酯(WPU)涂料的改性技术的研究进展,其改性技术包括交联改性、丙烯酸酯改性、环氧树脂改性、植物油改性和纳米材料改性等,并对建筑用WPU涂料的发展前景作了展望。     

水性聚氨酯在汽车涂料上的应用与最新进展

综述了水性聚氨酯(WPU)涂料在汽车底漆、中涂漆、面漆的应用现状。介绍了几种汽车用WPU涂料改性方法,如环氧树脂改性、有机氟改性、有机硅改性、纳米改性和植物油改性等;讨论了这些改性方法的特点以及用于汽车涂料方面的最新进展。最后展望了WPU在汽车涂料方面的应用前景。     

纳米纤维素晶须改性羧酸型水性聚氨酯的合成及性能

以蓖麻油（CO）、22双（羟甲基）丙酸（DMPA）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯聚氨酯（IPDI）为主要原料合成了植物油基水性聚氨酯（WPU）,通过酸解法制得的纳米纤维素晶须（CNC）与WPU超声物理共混,利用纳米纤维素晶须与WPU基体之间强烈的氢键作用制得纳米复合材料（WPU/CNC）涂膜。通过红外光谱、粒径分析、扫描电子显微镜、热失重分析、超热扫描量热分析等方法来测试涂膜的性能。研究表明,在CNC的添加量为0.25 %（质量分数,下同）时,可获得分散性良好及性能优异的聚氨酯涂膜,纳米复合材料的拉伸强度从17.56 MPa增强到27.96 MPa;并且涂膜的热稳定性,硬段的分解温度及软段的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）也得到了很好的改善。     

基于点击化学硅烷偶联剂改性水性聚氨酯的研究

以4,4'-二羟甲基-1,4-庚二炔功能单体为扩链剂,制备了端炔基功能化水性聚氨酯(WPU);基于铜催化的1,3-偶极环加成点击化学反应,用3-叠氮基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES-N3)与WPU侧链的端炔基反应,制备了APTES-N3改性WPU。研究了APTES-N3接枝量对WPU膜的热稳定性、疏水性、硬度和乳胶粒形态的影响。结果表明,随着APTES-N3用量的增大,改性WPU膜的疏水性、热稳定性和硬度提高;当APTES-N3的质量分数从0增大到5%时,改性WPU膜的水接触角从61°增大到75°,铅笔硬度从H增大到4H,样品燃烧后的残余质量分数从0左右增加到4.7%。     

环氧蓖麻油改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及其胶膜性能研究

以4,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、聚乙二醇(PEG)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)等为主要原料,环氧蓖麻油(ECO)为交联改性剂,制备了ECO改性WPU(水性聚氨酯)乳液。研究结果表明:ECO中的羟基和环氧基均参与了WPU的合成反应;随着ECO掺量的不断增加,WPU胶膜的疏水性、拉伸强度及热稳定性提高,WPU乳液的粒径逐渐变大、外观和储存稳定性变差;当w(ECO)=5.5%(相对于预聚体质量而言)时,WPU乳液呈微透明(泛蓝)状,WPU胶膜的综合性能相对最佳。     

植物油加氢催化剂的研究进展

综述了植物油加氢催化剂的研究现状,介绍了植物油的基本特点以及影响其加氢的因素,表明催化剂是植物油加氢的关键,介绍了不同体系催化剂在植物油加氢中的研究现状,其中重点介绍了Ni基催化剂、Cu基催化剂、Pd基催化剂和Pt基催化剂在植物油加氢行业的研究状况及发展,以及影响催化剂催化活性的因素,催化剂的材料、催化剂载体等。指出植物油加氢催化剂是由贱金属向贵金属、单元体金属向多元体金属以及加强对载体和活性组分负载技术研究的发展趋势。     

植物油基聚合物的研究进展

综述了以植物油脂为原料合成聚合物的研究进展,包括乙烯基树脂、环氧树脂及聚氨酯的合成方法、部分聚合反应机理及最新的研究进展。指出了目前植物油基聚合物发展存在的问题,提出了解决的方法,并对植物油基聚合物的发展前景进行展望。     

基于二硫键的自修复水性聚氨酯的制备与性能研究

以芳香二硫化合物2,2'?二氨基二苯二硫醚（AD）为原料,制备了一种自愈性水性聚氨酯（WPU）材料。利用全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、拉曼光谱仪、热失重分析仪、粒径分析仪、热台偏光显微镜和接触角仪对改性材料进行了结构表征与性能测试,探讨了聚氨酯材料的热稳定性、表面疏水性、自修复性能的变化。另外,通过拉伸测试,定量评价了材料的拉伸性能和自愈合效率。结果表明,AD成功引入到WPU分子链中;随着AD含量的增加,改性材料的热稳定性逐渐下降;表面疏水性提升,样品WPU?3的静态接触角达到了81.2 °;拉伸强度由WPU?0的1.1 MPa增至WPU?3的5.6 MPa;同时,在中等愈合温度（80 ℃）下,样品WPU?1加热3 h后可以使拉伸应变的愈合效率达到81 %左右。     

生物基绿色涂料的研究进展

植物油、纤维素、甲壳素等生物基材料,由于其原材料来源丰富、挥发性低、无毒性、生物相容性和生物可降解性良好,成为理想的可再生绿色资源。植物油的主要成分为甘油三酸酯,其包含脂肪酸长链;可以通过化学方法对脂肪酸进行羟基化、环氧化、甘油醇解、马来酸酐化等处理。因此,植物油基聚合物材料已经广泛地应用于醇酸树脂、环氧树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂以及聚氨酯涂料等方面。纤维素和甲壳素是自然界中最广泛的生物多糖大分子,利用它们含有的羟基或是经过化学改性处理后可以发展新型的生物基材料。本文综述了这几类生物基可再生资源在涂料中的研究和发展趋势。     

Development of vegetable‐oil‐based polymers

The utilization of renewable resources for the preparation of new materials is an alternative option for reducing the high demand of fossil feedstocks. Vegetable oils are potential bioresources that are renewable and abundantly available. Triglyceride‐based vegetable oils, such as soybean, jatropha, linseed, sunflower, palm, castor, nahar seed, and canola oil, are being considered as precursors in the production of polymers. In this article, we attempt to summarize advancements in processes and technologies for the synthesis of polymers from various kinds of vegetable oils. The advantages and disadvantages of these biobased polymers with respect to traditional monomer‐based ones are also highlighted. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40787.     

Polyurethanes from vegetable oils and applications: a review

Among the various polymers, polyurethanes are likely the most versatile specialty polymers. These polymers are widely used in many applications such as foams, coatings, insulations, adhesives, paints and upholstery. Similar to many polymers, polyurethanes relies on petrochemicals as raw materials for its major components. Indeed, nowadays many researches have focused to replace petroleum-based resources with renewable ones to improve polyurethanes sustainability. Polyurethanes are synthesized by polymerization reactions between isocyanates and polyols. Only a few isocyanates are commonly used in polyurethane industries, while a variety of polyols are available. Renewable materials such as vegetable oils are promising raw materials for the manufacture of polyurethane components such as polyols. Vegetable oils are triglycerides which are the esterification product of glycerol with three fatty acids. Several highly reactive sites including carbon-carbon double bond, allylic position and ester group in triglycerides and fatty acids open the opportunities for various chemical modifications for new polyol with different structures and functionalities. Different methods such as are epoxidation, ozonolysis, hydroformylation and metathesis have been widely studied to synthesise bio-polyol from vegetable oil for new polyurethanes, which depend on triglyceride and isocyanate reagents used. The incorporation of a vegetable oil moiety can enhance thermal stability and mechanical strength of polyurethanes. Similar to bio-polyol, the development of renewable resource based bio-isocyanates is also gained attention to produce entirely bio-polyurethanes. This article comprehensively reviews recent developments in the preparation of renewable resource based polyols and isocyanates for producing polyurethanes and applications.     

Effect of novel aliphatic fluoro-diol content on synthesis and properties of waterborne polyurethanes

This study synthesized a waterborne polyurethane (WPU) prepolymer by using polytetramethylene glycol, isophorone diisocyanate, and 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-Heptafluoro-butynic acid 2,2-bis-hydroxymethyl-butyl ester (HFBA). Subsequently, a series of novel HFBA/WPUs were synthesized by adopting ethylenediamine as the chain extender. The results from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that the CO groups of HFBA/WPUs shifted to lower wavenumbers as the HFBA content increased. Moreover, when the HFBA content of the synthesized HFBA/WPUs increased, the WPU initial decomposition temperature, glass transition temperature, tensile strength, and Young's modulus also increased. Furthermore, the results of atomic force microscopy identified a relatively high number of humpy protrusions and roughness levels in the HFBA/WPUs with a relatively high HFBA content, causing higher hydrophobicity of these HFBA/WPUs. Furthermore, in vitro platelet and erythrocyte adhesion experiments revealed that increasing the HFBA content lowered platelet and erythrocyte adhesion on the surface of the WPUs. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47356.     

Development of mineral oil free offset printing ink using vegetable oil esters

Until the middle of this century, fats and oils are the major raw material source for paints, coating and lubricating applications. These markets are completely taken over by petroleum based stocks due to their abundance and versatility. However, recent public awareness to use environmentally acceptable products that minimize pollution, are compatible to human health and readily biodegradable created opportunities for vegetable oils for application in paints and printing inks. The formulation of vegetable oil methyl ester based 'green' offset printing ink that reduces the volatile organic compounds (VOC) has been discussed in the present study. Methyl esters of rapeseed, soybean, rice bran and palm oil have been prepared and their physical properties have been measured and compared with standard petroleum feed stock. Varnishes were prepared with these esters and their properties are also compared with that of the petroleum based products. Rheological properties of the inks are also evaluated and compared with standard printing ink using petroleum based solvent. In general performance of the ester-based printing inks are comparable with that of the mineral oil based product. On the basis of tack stability and gloss, ester based inks are much superior than the mineral oil based products. In conclusion, a new non-volatile diluent for printing ink has been developed. The diluent is made from common vegetable oils like rapeseed, soybean, rice bran and palm oil, a renewable source that is environmental friendly. Vegetable oil esters offer a cost effective solution for mineral oil based printing ink to meet VOCs regulations.     

Preparation and characterization of waterborne polyurethane containing PET waste/PPG as soft segment

Soft drinks poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottles were depolymerized by glycolysis using a 1 : 3 molar ratio of PET repeating unit to glycols like neopentyl glycol (NPG) and dipropylene glycol (DPG). Further, a series of waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) was synthesized using pure polypropylene glycol (PPG), and glycolyzed oligoesters/PPG blends in different molar ratios as soft segment. Thermal property of WPU was tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, viscosity and particle size of WPU were also investigated. The results show that introduction of a certain amount of glycolyzed oligoester to soft segment makes the degree of hard‐soft domain microphase separation smaller, and can also improve thermal stability of WPU. Furthermore, WPUs synthesised from glycolyzed oligoesters and PPG blends possess larger particle size, better particle size distribution, relative lower and more stable viscosity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42757.     

Preparation and properties of waterborne polyurethanes with natural dimer fatty acids based polyester polyol as soft segment

Waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) with natural dimer fatty acids (DA) based polyester polyols as soft segments were prepared via the acetone process, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The thermal and mechanical properties were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile tester. Water contact angle on the surface of the WPU films increased from 80° to 93° with increasing DA weight content in dicarboxylic acid of polyester polyol from 0 to 100%. The results indicated that among the synthesized WPUs, those containing DA exhibited excellent water resistance (water uptake decreased from 13.2% to 2.42%), outstanding hydrolytic resistance (weight loss decreased from 14.2% to 5.85%) and superior thermal stability (decomposition temperature of 50% weight loss and maximum weight loss, increased from 384 to 443 °C and from 409 to 464 °C, respectively). Compared to toluene resistance and mechanical properties of WPUs containing no DA, those of WPUs containing DA were low. For the WPU films based on polyester polyol derived from 100% DA as dicarboxylic acid, the interesting delamination occurred in special solvents, probably due to dissolution of low molecular weight molecules, and the presence of long hydrophobic branched chains and the high degree of phase separation.     

Aspects of vegetable oil technology, past, present and future

Conclusions  Over the years vegetable oils have been a major component of many surface coating materials, either in the raw, refined or processed state. The use has diminished in recent years, due to the development of new resin systems and the move towards water-based coatings. However, developments in resin technology are providing opportunities for new growth. Chemical industries other than surface coatings are incorporating vegetable oil into products on environmental grounds where formerly mineral oil was used. Finally, vegetable oils are a renewable resource from which a vast range of products are derived. These products generally have a green image which should promote greater usage in the foreseeable future.     

植物油基环保树脂的研究进展

概述了植物油基树脂制备方法与原理,讨论了植物油基环保树脂的优势及存在的缺陷。此外,还介绍了植物油基环保树脂在零溶剂或低溶剂树脂、高固体分树脂、水性树脂以及紫外光固化树脂方面的最新研究成果,并分析了植物油基环保型树脂的发展趋势。