Mn、Co掺杂SiC薄膜结构与光致发光性能研究

采用射频磁控溅射技术和复合靶材方法制备了掺Mn,掺Co和Co、Mn共掺的SiC薄膜,经高温退火后进行了光致发光(PL)谱的测量,还用X射线衍射(XRD),傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),扫描电镜(SEM)等表征手段分析了薄膜的相结构和表面形貌,并与光致发光的结果进行了对比研究.结果表明,掺Mn、Co使SiC晶格发生畸变,X射线衍射峰强度下降,Si-C吸收谱变宽,Si-C键振动减弱,Si-O基团的振动增强.样品在室温条件下均呈现出强的紫光发射特性,发光峰均位于414nm(3.0eV),认为414nm处的光致发光峰对应于光激发产生的电子从导带底到Si空位浅受主能级之间的辐射跃迁,其强度取决于Si空位的浓度.     

低温生长硅基碳化硅薄膜研究

在 8 5 0℃的低温下 ,在Si( 10 0 )衬底上生长了 3C SiC薄膜 ,气源为SiH4和C2 H4混合气体。用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱和傅立叶红外吸收谱分析了薄膜的晶体结构、组分以及键能随深度的变化。研究表明薄膜为富硅的 3C SiC结晶层 ,其中的Si/C比约为 1 2。     

低温生长硅基碳化硅薄膜研究

在850℃的低温下，在Si（100）衬底上生长了3C－SiC薄膜，气源为SiH4和C2H4混合气体。用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱和傅立叶红外吸收谱分析了薄膜的晶体结构、组分以及键能随深度的变化。研究表明薄膜为富硅的3C－SiC结晶层，其中的Si/C比约为1.2。     

退火温度对磁控溅射SiC薄膜结构和光学性能的影响

首先采用射频磁控溅射法在单晶Si(100)衬底上沉积制备了SiC薄膜,然后将所制备的薄膜试样分别在600,800和1 000℃氩气氛中退火120 min;采用X射线衍射仪和红外吸收光谱仪分析了薄膜的结构随退火温度的变化,采用荧光分光分度计研究了薄膜的发光性能随退火温度的变化。结果表明:室温制备的SiC薄膜为非晶态,经600℃退火后薄膜结晶,且随着退火温度的升高,薄膜的结晶程度越来越好,并且部分SiC结构发生了由α-SiC到β-SiC的转变;所制备的SiC薄膜在384和408 nm处有两个发光峰,且两峰的强度均随退火温度的升高逐渐变强,其中384nm处的峰源自于SiC的发光,408 nm处的峰源自于碳簇的发光。     

Mn、Co掺杂ZnO薄膜结构及发光特性研究

利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法在Si(100)衬底上制备了ZnO、Zn0.8Mn0.2O、Zn0.8Co0.2O薄膜.薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌采用X射线衍射仪和原子力显微镜测试.表明薄膜具有明显的c轴择优生长取向,薄膜表面较为平整,颗粒尺寸在纳米量级,薄膜中晶粒的生长模式为"柱状"模式.此外,Mn、Co掺入后,薄膜的X射线衍射峰有小角度偏移,这与 Mn2 、Co2 离子半径有关.PL谱显示Mn、Co掺杂ZnO薄膜的蓝、绿发光峰的位置相对纯的ZnO薄膜没有改变,还出现了紫外发光峰,其中Mn掺杂的蓝、绿光峰的强度减弱,Co掺杂的蓝光峰强度减弱,绿光峰强度增强.这是因为Mn、Co掺入改变了ZnO本征缺陷的浓度,发光峰的强度也随之而改变.     

Si基β-SiC薄膜外延生长技术研究

采用SiH4-C3H8-H2气体反应体系,通过常压化学气相淀积（APCVD）工艺在P型Si(100)衬底上进行了β-SiC薄膜异质外延生长。利用俄歇电子能谱、SEM及X射线衍射能谱进行了生长薄膜微结构分析。提出并讨论了外延生长β－SiC薄膜的最佳工艺条件及其生长机理。     

PECVD生长纳米硅薄膜的X射线衍射分析

等离子增强化学沉积生长的纳米硅薄膜是由纳米级尺寸的晶粒和晶界组成的厚度极薄的薄膜,采用X射线薄膜衍射法即X射线以低掠射角(1°～5°)入射,延长X射线在薄膜中的行程,同时将聚焦光路改为平行光光路,以提高来自薄膜的衍射强度,得到纳米硅薄膜的衍射峰。借此方法,研究了本征膜和掺磷薄膜的硅晶体结构及掺磷浓度对硅晶粒大小和晶格微观畸变的影响。     

用铝丝掺杂溅射ZnO薄膜的光电性能研究

本文采用射频磁控反应溅射法于常温下在硅片和玻璃基片上制备ZnO和掺铝ZnO薄膜,将铝丝置于ZnO靶材上共同溅射来达到掺杂的效果,利用不同长度的铝丝以获得不同的掺杂量。通过X射线衍射法对薄膜进行结构分析,利用紫外-可见分光光度计获得薄膜的透过率光谱,霍尔效应仪测量薄膜的电学性能。发现所制备的样品在可见光区域透过率达到80%以上,达到了透明膜的要求;掺Al后的ZnO膜电阻率最低达到了4.25×10-4Ω·cm;结构表征发现样品的(002)晶面有明显衍射峰。基于包络线方法通过透射谱拟合计算了薄膜样品的折射率和厚度。     

不同衬底上低温生长的ZnO晶体薄膜的结构及光学性质比较

采用电子束反应蒸发方法,在单晶Si(001)及玻璃衬底上低温外延生长了沿c轴高度取向的单晶ZnO薄膜,并对沉积的ZnO晶体薄膜的结构和光学性质进行了分析比较。通过对ZnO薄膜的X射线衍射(XRD)分析及光致荧光激发谱(PLE)测量,研究了衬底材料结构特性、生长温度及反应气氛中充O     

射频磁控溅射制备掺Al的纳米Si-SiO2复合薄膜及其光致发光特性

采用射频磁控技术和退火处理制备掺Al的纳米Si-SiO2复合薄膜.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)表征了薄膜的结构,组分和成键情况.掺Al在SiO2中造成氧空位,使薄膜光致发光强度增强,并出现新的发光峰.退火温度对掺Al薄膜的光致发光的峰位和峰强有较大影响.     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。