ABS/PVC/CPE共混体系的力学性能

研究了填充改性丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)三元共聚物、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和CPE三元共混体系力学性能与结构的关系。结果表明，在ABS／PVC共混体系中加入增容剂氯化聚乙烯(CPE)后，提高了共混体系的相容性和机械力学性能；随着共混体系中CPE用量的增加，ABS／PVC／CPE共混体系的冲击强度、断裂伸长率上升，拉伸强度下降，而弹性模量则出现了极大值。     

ABS增容阻燃AS/SBS/CPE共混物的研究

利用双螺杆挤出机制备了阻燃丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(AS)/苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共取物(SBS)/氯化聚乙烯(CPE)共混物,并用ABS作为相容剂对阻燃AS/SBS/CPE共混物进行改性.结果表明:当SBS/CPE质量比为15/15,阻燃AS/SBS/CPE合金的综合性能较好,但冲击性能仍较低.加入相容剂ABS后,阻燃AS/SBS/CPE共混物的相容性得到了改善,共混物的冲击性能有了较大的提高,同时对其他性能基本没有影响.     

国内PVC共混改性研究的最新进展

介绍了近年来国内PVC共混改性的研究状况,重点阐述了PVC/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）、PVC/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯（MBS）、PVC/氯化聚乙烯（CPE）、PVC/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯（EVA）等几种共混体系研究的最新进展。     

PVC/CPE/SEBS-g-MAH三元共混物的制备及性能研究

采用机械共混法制备了聚氯乙烯/氯化聚乙烯/苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(PVC/CPE/SEBS-g-MAH)三元共混物,利用扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪和力学性能测试等方法研究了共混物的结构和性能,探讨了SEBS-g-MAH对共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明:CPE用量为3份、SEBS-g-MAH用量为6份时,CPE与SEBS-g-MAH协同增韧效果最显著,此时共混物的相容性最佳,综合力学性能较好。     

PVC/ACS/CPE三元共混体系性能研究

采用机械共混制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)/丙烯腈-氯化聚乙烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ACS)/氯化聚乙烯(CPE)三元共混合金,研究了共混体系的组成与合金力学性能及耐热性能的关系。结果表明,不同型号PVC对合金的性能影响不同,随着PVC摩尔质量的增加,共混合金的拉伸强度、冲击强度、热变形温度、硬度及氧指数逐渐增大,熔体质量流动速率(MFR)下降;随着共混合金中CPE用量的增加,PVC/ACS/CPE共混合金的冲击强度上升,氧指数增大,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、热变形温度及MFR下降。     

PVC/ABS复合材料的制备及增韧改性

分别采用乙烯–乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVAC)、氯化聚乙烯(CPE)和苯乙烯–丁二烯–苯乙烯共聚物(SBS)三种弹性体为增韧剂,研究增韧剂种类及用量对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)复合材料冲击强度、拉伸强度和极限氧指数的影响,并对纳米CaCO_3填充改性PVC/ABS复合材料的力学性能、熔体流动速率和极限氧指数(LOI)进行探讨。结果表明,采用CPE增韧改性的PVC/ABS复合材料的力学性能和阻燃效果均优于EVAC和SBS改性体系;PVC/ABS/CPE/CaCO_3复合材料的缺口冲击强度在纳米CaCO_3用量为6份时达到极大值,随着纳米Ca CO3用量的增加,拉伸强度和弯曲强度逐渐下降,LOI有所降低,在纳米CaCO_3用量为4份时材料的加工流动性较好。     

几种相容剂对PVC/ABS合金注塑料性能影响

研究了氯化聚乙烯(CPE)、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)和丁腈橡胶(NBR)4种相容剂对聚氯乙烯/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(PVC/ABS)合金注塑料性能的影响。研究结果表明,4种相容剂均会降低PVC/ABS合金注塑料的弯曲性能和阻燃性;CPE和EVA综合性能较好,有利于注塑料的加工和使用;MBS和NBR对合金注塑料流动性的不利影响较大,不适用于PVC/ABS合金注塑料。     

SBS/CPE共混物辐射效应研究

研究了不同辐照剂量下苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段聚合物（SBS）／氯化聚乙烯（CPE）共混物的动态流变性能及力学性能。结果表明：随着辐照剂量的增大，共混物的粘流活化能降低，温度敏感性减弱；共混物拉伸强度和断裂伸长率下降，凝胶含量增加。     

CPE改性SBS接枝胶粘剂的研制

研究了CPE、SBS与MMA在甲苯、丁酮混合溶剂中的三元接枝共聚反应,并用红外光谱和扫描电镜对接枝产物进行了表征。结果表明,在SBS接枝体系中引入不超过骨架聚合物(SBS+CPE)总量25%的CPE,可提高所制胶粘剂对PVC人造革的粘合性能。     

用氯化聚乙烯改善聚氯乙烯的冲击强度

氯化聚乙烯(CPE)是聚氯乙烯(PVC)最常用的冲击改性剂之一,常用于PVC的增韧改性。本文从相容性、共混物形态与体系性能的关系,影响共混物形态及冲击强度的因素及共混体系的不可逆形变4个方面介绍了采用CPE改善PVC冲击性能,从而找出了提高PVC/CPE共混体系冲击强度的最佳途径。     

Application of phase dispersion–crosslinking synergism on recycling commingled plastic wastes

A tetra‐component blend, consisting of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS), was studied as a model system of commingled plastic wastes (LDPE/PVC/PP/PS, mass ratio: 70/10/10/10). Effects of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM), styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS), and their mixture (CPE/EPDM/SBS, mass ratio: 2/2/2) on the mechanical properties and morphology of the system were investigated. With addition of several elastomers and their mixture, the tensile strength of the blends decreased slightly, although both the elongation at break and the impact strength increased. Among these elastomers, EPDM exhibited the most significant impact modification effect for the tetra‐component blends. SBS and the mixture have a good phase‐dispersion effect for the tetra‐component blend. By adding a crosslinking agent [dicumyl peroxide (DCP)], the mechanical properties of the tetra‐component blends also increased. When either SBS or the mixture was added to the blend together with DCP, the probability that the crosslinking agent (DCP) would be at the interface improved because of the phase‐dispersion effect of SBS. Therefore, more co‐crosslinked products will form between LDPE and other components. Accordingly, remarkable improvement of the interfacial adhesion and hence the mechanical properties of the tetra‐component blends occurred. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 2947–2952, 2001     

氯化聚乙烯增容剂

叙述了氯化聚乙烯的结构、增容原理及氯含量为35%的氯化聚乙烯弹性体作为不相容聚合物共混物增容剂的应用。着重介绍了氯化聚乙烯在PVC/PE、PVC/PP、PVC/EPDM、PVC/SBS、SBR/HDPE/PVC、丁腈再生胶/SBR等不相容聚合物共混体系中的实际应用。     

固相法氯化聚乙烯与聚氯乙烯共混物的形态与性能

研究了聚氯乙烯(PVC)与固相法氯化聚乙烯(CPE)共混物的应力-应变行为和冲击强度对CPE用量和氯含量的依赖关系,考察了共混物形态与性能的关系。动态力学性能和透射电子显微镜的研究结果表明,PVC/CPE为部分相容体系,两相间存在着一定的相互作用,当CPE氯含量为36％～42％,用量为7～15份时,CPE在PVC/CPE共混物中形成比较完整的网络结构、共混物具有更好的抗冲击性能。Brabender流变仪研究表明,CPE能促进PVC的塑化,共混物的加工性优于纯PVC。     

Compatibilizers for recycling of the plastic mixture wastes. II. The effect of a compatibilizer for binary blends on the properties of ternary blends

In this article, we discuss the effect of a compatibilizer for binary blends on the properties of ternary blends composed of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), or polystyrene (PS) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) virgin polymers with a simulated waste plastics fraction. Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), ethylene–propylene rubber (EPR), and their 1/1 (w/w) mixture were tested as compatibilizers for the HDPE/PP/PVC ternary blend. CPE, styrene‐ethylene‐propylene block copolymer (SEP), or their 1/1 (w/w) mixture were tested as compatibilizers for the HDPE/PS/PVC ternary blend. The composition of the ternary blends were fixed at 8/1/1 by weight ratio. The amount of the compatibilizer was 3 phr. Rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties were measured. For the 8/1/1 HDPE/PP/PVC ternary blends, the tensile strength was slightly decreased, but the impact strength was significantly increased by adding EPR, CPE, or their mixture. EPR exhibited the most significant impact modification effect for the ternary blends. In a similar way, for 8/1/1 HDPE/PS/PVC ternary blends, on adding SEP, CPE, or their mixture, the tensile strength was slightly decreased, but the impact strength was noticeably increased. It was found that the SEP worked much better as an impact modifier for the ternary blends than CPE or the SEP/CPE mixture did. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 1048–1053, 2000     

Properties and morphology of poly(vinyl chloride) blends with solid‐state‐chlorinated polyethylene

Correlations of the stress‐strain behavior and impact strength of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) blends with different amounts and chlorine contents of solid‐state‐chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) were studied. The relationships between the morphology and properties of the PVC/CPE blends also were investigated. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis and transmission electron microscopy showed that PVC/CPE blends are partially compatible systems and that a certain interaction exists between the two phases. When the amount of CPE (chlorine content, 36–42%) was 7–15 phr (parts by weight per hundred parts of resin), an essentially perfect CPE network was formed, and the blends showed better impact resistance. A Brabender Plasticorder study revealed that CPE can promote the plasticity of PVC and improve its processability. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体／氯化聚乙烯共混体系的研究

选用ＣＰＥ和ＣＰＥ／ＰＶＣ为改性剂．用双辊熔融共混的方式对ＴＰＵ的共混改性进行了系统的研究，对ＴＰＵ／ＣＰＥ和ＴＰＵ／ＣＰＥ／ＰＶＣ共混体系的性能进行了测试分析及对比。结果表明：选择适宜的ＴＰＵ种类和ＣＰＥ、ＣＰＥ／ＰＶＣ分别组成二元和三元共混体系，能明显改善ＴＰＵ的加工特性，并且基本保待了ＴＰＵ优良的耐油性和耐寒性。     

固相法氯化聚乙烯增韧聚氯乙烯的研究──氯化聚乙烯的氯含量、制备条件与增韧聚乙烯性能的关系

本文研究了固相氯化法制备的氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）和ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ共混物的机械特性。氏考察了ＣＰＥ氯含量、氯化条件如聚乙烯晶区与非晶区氯化程度比、氯化过程中热处理条件、氯化温度等对聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）增韧效果的影响。共混前后的物理力学性能变化表明，不仅氯含量、而且氯化聚乙烯的制备条件对ＰＶＧ的增韧效果有着很大的影响，而分子量对性能影响不大。因相法ＣＰＥ与悬浮法ＣＰＥ对ＰＶＣ的增韧效果相当，ＣＰＥ用量为７—１５ｐｈｒ时，增韧效果尤为突出。形态结构的表征结果说明共混物是微观上的相分离，具有优良增韧效果的体系为ＣＰＥ是均匀连续同分布于ＰＶＣ粒子表面。     

透明性MCS接枝共聚物的研究

将甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯在氯化聚乙烯存在下进行悬浮接枝共聚，获得ＭＣＳ树脂。本文着重考察影响ＭＣＳ透明性的因素。ＭＣＳ树脂的透明性与ＣＰＥ及ＭＭＡ／Ｓ共聚物的折光指数，连续相的透明性有关。单体配比、ＣＰＥ用量、溶胀时间、转化率及硫醇用量等均有影响。     

Studies of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds. IV. Fusion characteristics and morphology analyses

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), PVC/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), PVC/oxidized polyethylene (OPE), and PVC/CPE/OPE compounds were prepared in a Haake torque rheometer at various temperatures, rotor speeds, and totalized torques (TTQ). The fusion characteristics of these PVC compounds (fusion time, fusion torque, and fusion temperature) were studied. Longer fusion time results in higher fusion temperature. Higher fusion temperature results in lower fusion torque. The fusion time of PVC/OPE compounds is the longest among these PVC blends. However, the fusion time of PVC/CPE/OPE compounds is the shortest among these PVC blends. The fusion time of the PVC/CPE/OPE compound is significantly different from those of PVC, PVC/OPE, and PVC/CPE compounds at the medium starting temperature and the medium rotor speed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses successfully revealed the surface morphological changes of the fusion of PVC, PVC/OPE, PVC/CPE, and PVC/CPE/OPE compounds. The lubrication mechanisms of these PVC compounds have also been postulated. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.