远心镜头在回转体测量系统中的应用

介绍了一种接触测量和非接触测量相结合的回转体测量系统,分析了远心镜头在非接触测量部分的应用。阐述了回转体测量系统的结构和测量方案;讨论了待测回转体的特性参数,指出为了提高测量速度需尽可能采用非接触测量方法;使用远心镜头和平行光源进行了相关实验。结果表明:远心镜头的平行投影能有效地解决回转体工件平面特征成像轮廓线的干扰问题。     

零件轮廓测量系统偏心自动调整机构设计

为了实现回转体曲面的非接触自动测量,在研制的零件轮廓测量系统中,利用激光测头和数控转台等部件设计了偏心自动调整机构.介绍了偏心调整机构的原理,论述了偏心调整的自动控制过程,实验结果表明:偏心调整机构的自动定心误差.达到了自动调整偏心的目的.     

回转体七轴综合测量的数据融合研究

针对回转体七轴综合测量,研究了电感测头采集到的三组柱坐标系下数据的融合方法。介绍了测量系统的工作原理,详细分析了各测头在敏感方向和非敏感方向位置的标定方法,结合标定结果建立了数据融合模型。该系统实现了工件一次装卡完成内、外轮廓的全部几何参数的测量。实验表明：该系统的测量不确定度在0．02mm以内。     

基于STM32与PCAPO1的激光切割头随动系统设计

针对激光切割系统中,由于工件表面起伏不平和弯曲,造成切割质量不理想或切割头碰撞工件损伤或损坏的问题,提出了一种基于STM32与PCAP01的激光切割头随动系统设计。该系统通过PCAP01芯片获取激光切割头喷嘴与工件表面的板极电容值,经卡尔曼滤波后计算出喷嘴与工件的间距,驱动伺服电机实现激光切割头与工件间距的跟踪。实验表明,该激光切割头随动系统能够快速有效地跟随激光切割头与工件的间距,防止切割头与工件发生碰撞,提高激光切割质量。     

PCAP01与STM8的激光头电容测距传感器设计

针对激光切割系统中,由于工件表面起伏不平或弯曲,造成切割头与工件的距离变化不定且难以测量的问题,提出了一种基于PCAP01与STM8的电容测距传感器设计.系统硬件由微电容测量芯片PCAP01、单片机STM8以及供电电路等构成.该传感器通过PCAP01芯片检测激光切割头喷嘴与工件表面的板极电容值,由STM8芯片将采集的电容值转换成距离信息.该传感器具有精度高、抗干扰性强、测量频率快、可配置性强等优点,能有效满足激光切割系统中切割头位置测量调节的应用需求.     

三坐标测量机的自主运动研究

提出了一个三坐标测量机自主运动的算法。该算法利用网格来构造搜索图,并对它进行启发式搜索来获得运动指令序列。针对网格生成和运动指令生成所存在的问题,提出了网格自动确定和指令优化的方法。仿真实验表明,算法很好地解决了测头自主运动的任务,对于基于三坐标测量机的远程操作、虚拟测量等系统有很大的实用价值,可以有效地提高这些系统的效率。     

基于PSD的长跨度孔系同轴度误差测量系统

以激光作为准直基准,研制了基于位置敏感探测器(PSD)的长跨度孔系同轴度误差测量系统。多功能测头在孔系内通过自定心机构确定各被测截面,测头前端的PSD检测激光光斑位置以确定各孔截面中心坐标,并进而评定出孔系同轴度误差。推导出激光自准直数学模型,根据该模型由四自由度工作台调整激光器位置,实现了激光自准直。使用本测量系统完成了激光自准直实验和孔系同轴度误差测量实验。实验结果表明:经准直后激光束与工件两端孔中心连线之间的偏差在±0.032 mm以内,与三坐标测量机相比,本系统同轴度误差测量的相对误差为8%,具备了较高的准直精度和同轴度误差测量精度。     

相邻金属孔间壁厚现场检测系统关键技术的研究

相邻金属孔间的壁厚测量以往都是根据镗床加工过程中的进刀量计算得出,精度较低.本文提出了一种应用电容传感器对两个金属孔间壁厚在线检测的系统.基于电容传感器,研究了电容测头的电场边缘效应的影响及保护环的宽度选择,设计了测量孔壁的电容测厚传感器进行差动测量.系统由两个距离确定的电容差动测厚传感器、测量电路、A/D接口及软件组成的.对壁厚2 mm,孔径3 mm的相邻金属孔壁厚的测量实验显示,误差达到0.3 μm.系统属于非接触测量,无需修正测头及工件变形误差.此系统测量精度高,测量速度快,操作方便,全套仪器便携,是解决相关壁厚现场精密检测问题的好方法.     

基于能量和距离分簇的主动式RFID防碰撞算法

为解决主动式RFID系统的吞吐量低和识别速度慢等问题,提出一种基于能量和距离分簇(energy and distance clustering,EDC)的主动式RFID防碰撞机制。利用阅读器接收的主动式标签的传输功率大小,将标签依照其与阅读器的距离分为几个簇群,融合现有的主动式防碰撞算法逐一识别每个簇群内的标签。结合EDC机制和纯ALOHA、时隙ALOHA和非坚持CSMA这3种防碰撞算法进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,该机制的防碰撞算法在吞吐量和平均传输时延方面都明显优于原算法,有效地提高了主动式RFID系统的识别能力。     

卧式二维智能测头的设计

设计了一种在水平坐标面内测量的高精度二维智能测头;论述了采用硬件和软件结合方法设计智能测头的总体方案。测头采用两组平行片簧组合作为微位移机构,精密差动传感器作为检测器件,根据测头的动态数学模型对系统状态估值和实际测值比较判断测头与工件接触状态,实现了测头工作的自适应控制,保证了精度与快速性要求。静态和动态试验结果证明:该测头技术指标达到了设计要求。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.