基于运动估计与回溯自适应正交匹配追踪的视频压缩传感

为了解决传统视频压缩传感方法中对视频逐帧单独重构所产生的图像模糊,将压缩传感理论与MPEG标准视频编码的相关技术相结合,提出了一种基于运动估计与运动补偿的视频压缩传感方法,以消除视频信号在空域和时域上的冗余。该方法在充分考虑视频序列时域相关性的同时,首先对视频图像进行前、后向和双向预测和补偿,然后采用回溯自适应正交匹配追踪(BAOMP)算法,对运动预测残差进行重构,最后实现当前帧的重构。实验结果表明,该方法较逐帧重构的视频图像质量有较大改善,且可获得更高的峰值信噪比。     

非局部低秩正则化视频压缩感知重构

视频压缩感知在采样资源受限的视频采集领域具有重要研究意义,重构算法是视频压缩感知系统的关键技术.为了更好地从压缩采样数据中重构视频信号,提出一种基于全变分与非局部低秩正则化的视频重构算法,为视频重构提供一种新的思路.算法第1步考虑视频帧内和帧间的局部相关性,应用全变分模型作为先验约束得到初步恢复的视频帧;第2步考虑视频帧内与帧间的非局部自相似性,应用改进的非局部低秩正则化算法对其进一步重构,该步骤针对初步恢复的图像帧分块在本帧和关键帧中寻找相似块,构建低秩矩阵进行低秩正则化重构.仿真结果表明,所提出算法能够精确重构视频信号,相比主流的视频压缩感知重构算法具有更高的重构质量.     

多媒体传感器网络视频的帧分类联合重构

为降低多媒体传感器网络中视频压缩感知的计算复杂度,提出一种基于帧分类的多媒体传感器网络视频联合重构算法。依据视频数据的联合稀疏模型将视频帧分为关键帧和非关键帧。对于压缩感知重构中欠定线性方程组,可利用关键帧和非关键帧之间的相关边信息进行重构初始化,同时运用有界约束二次规划对其进行求解。从仿真结果可知,相对于传统的视频压缩感知算法而言,在保证视频重构质量的前提下,所提方法在重构算法复杂度上不但能有效降低,同时,在视频重构上能提高其实时性。     

基于加权非局部相似性的视频压缩感知多假设重构算法

分布式视频压缩感知(Distributed Compressed Video Sensing,DCVS)多假设重构算法将传统视频编码中的多假设预测运动估计思想引入到分布式压缩感知视频编码系统中,改善了对视频序列的重构质量。在该算法中,大变化块采用本帧邻域块信息作为参考,而当本帧邻域块含有较多纹理和细节时,算法性能有待提高。为此,对非局部相似性的思想进行改进,提出基于加权非局部相似性的分布式视频压缩感知多假设重构算法。在该算法中,对大变化块中的纹理块采用加权非局部相似性在相邻已重构帧中寻找自相似块,最终生成辅助重构信息块;对于非纹理块,则简单利用加权非局部相似性生成相似块。对不同特点的视频序列的仿真实验结果表明,改进后的算法有效改善了视频序列的重构质量,具有较优的重构SSIM,PSNR指标,其中PSNR约提高1dB。     

基于双边信息的分布式视频压缩感知模型研究

针对传统视频编码技术计算量大和复杂度高的缺点,提出一种基于双边信息的分布式视频压缩感知算法。该算法将压缩感知技术与分布式视频编码技术相结合,把视频序列分为Key帧和CS帧,Key帧运用传统的帧内编码和解码,CS帧编码端运用压缩感知编码,解码端运用视频块内与视频块间的双边信息和梯度投影算法进行优化重构。通过双边信息的运动估计和压缩编码器的设计,实现基于双边信息的分布式视频压缩感知模型的构建。仿真结果表明该模型既可以实现高效编码,又可以实现复杂度由编码端向解码端转移,在较低的采样率下,提高视频的压缩能力和传输速度。     

基于视觉颜色对比敏感度模型的动态视频压缩预处理算法

针对彩色视频压缩过程中压缩率不高或者视频质量损失过大的问题,提出一种基于视觉感知模型与色差的自适应视频压缩预处理算法。首先,在颜色对比敏感度模型中,人类视觉对高色度区域的色差敏感度较低,因此为不同色度区域分配不同的压缩权重;然后,基于帧之间的偏差图建立运动预测帧的空间运动模型,降低了高运动区域的残差;最终,使用动态的色调映射函数来控制视频的压缩等级,从而保证视频的视觉质量。基于多组视频进行实验,本算法成功地将标准的压缩软件提高了35%的压缩率,但同时可看出,本算法的性能依赖于具体的视频上下文。     

基于自适应采样的多假设预测残差重构算法研究

为保证遥感视频序列的高质量重构,本文结合视频序列的高时空冗余特点,在基于块的分布式视频压缩感知（Distributed video compressed sensing,DVCS）框架的基础上提出了一种基于自适应采样的多假设预测残差重构模型及基于变采样率的多假设预测残差重构算法.首先对目标帧进行预测,根据各块预测精度的不同自适应地分配采样率;然后用变采样率多假设预测残差重构算法重构出目标帧;最后利用双向运动估计对重构结果进行修正.仿真结果表明该算法能够在降低采样率的同时保证良好的主客观重构质量;相同采样率条件下,重构精度比MC-BCS-SPL算法提高大约7dB,比MH-BCS-SPL算法提高大约1dB.     

基于变采样率压缩感知的视频压缩研究

业界分块视频压缩感知通常对所有图像块均采用相同的测量矩阵进行测量,这种方式未考虑到视频中不同区域的变化程度不同的事实。在视频帧间相关性的基础上提出一种自适应分配采样率的方法,即在编码端根据图像块的帧间相关性大小分类并分配不同的采样率;在解码端使用全变差算法以充分利用帧间相关性。为减小网络环境影响,此算法不区分参考帧与非参考帧,并对每一帧作相同处理。实验结果表明,该方法能够在较低采样率下重构出较高质量的视频图像,并且缩短计算时间。     

面向云桌面协议的视频区域侦测算法

针对目前云桌面协议存在的因分块机制引起协议视频播放画面不流畅、带宽占用高等问题,在独立计算环境简单协议（SPICE）的基础上提出了一种视频区域侦测算法（VRDA）。首先在云桌面协议播放视频的过程中侦测识别视频播放区域,然后截取视频播放区域的图像为一块完整的视频帧进行处理,最后使用动态图像专家组视频压缩标准（MPEG4）视频压缩算法替换原压缩效率不高的运动静止图像压缩技术（MJPEG）压缩解压视频帧;同时,提出帧期望与实际显示时间差（DAETD）指标作为实验评价指标,来验证改进后SPICE的视频播放流畅度,并测试带宽占用情况。实验表明,所提算法有效提高了视频流畅度,减少了网络带宽占用。     

基于双边信息的残差分布式压缩视频感知

压缩感知(CS)是在低于奈奎斯特率条件下获取和重构稀疏信号的新兴技术,在图像和视频获取和处理中有巨大的发展潜力.为了有效提高被测信号的稀疏性和重构效率,本文提出一种基于双边信息的残差分布式压缩视频感知(RDCVS-DSI)编解码模型.该模型利用了图像自身的频域特性和邻近帧之间的相关性,以低质量的视频帧作为编解码的第一边信息,解码端利用关键帧运动估计和运动补偿技术生成非关键帧的第二边信息.通过性能分析和仿真测试表明,该RDCVS-DSI模型能够在较低复杂度条件下,高保真地重建视频序列.与以前的压缩视频感知工作对比,重构帧的平均峰值性噪比达到1-5dB的增益,重构速度接近于复杂度最低的DCVS.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。