浅析浮选选煤技术发展趋势

通过对浮选机械、浮选工艺及浮选药剂发展与应用的研究探讨,分析浮选技术在煤泥分选应用中的发展趋势。     

细粒级难选煤用FO合成浮选药剂的研究

对适合细粒级难选煤的ＦＯ合成浮选药剂进行了较全面的研究，提出了ＦＯ浮选药剂的合成原理与技术途径，探讨了双功能煤泥浮选药剂的作用机理，试验证实该药剂具有良好的浮选性能和实际应用价值     

油酸钠与磷矿物作用的红外光谱

二十多年来,红外光谱法以它显著的成效而在浮选理论研究中被广泛应用。在进行浮选剂与矿物作用的研究中,应用红外光谱对被吸附分子化学键变化的敏感性,可区别物理吸附还是化学吸附,或两者兼有,判断吸附态及生成物的结构,以进一步阐明浮选剂与矿物的作用机理。同时,还能进行药剂吸附量及尾矿水中药剂残余浓度的测定。     

常村煤矿选煤厂浮选药剂应用分析

为提高浮选生产效率和经济效益,常村煤矿选煤厂对N公司与S公司的浮选药剂和药剂配比制度进行了生产应用试验;结果表明,N公司浮选药剂在药剂配比为1∶1的情况下,可以明显提高浮选精煤产率,改善浮选效果,具有显著的经济效益。     

2020年中国磷矿选矿年评

总结评述了2020年我国磷矿选矿领域的研究进展。2020年我国磷矿选矿研究主要集中在磷矿浮选微观层面机理分析、选矿工艺流程优化、浮选药剂创新、尾矿综合利用等方面。机理研究主要集中在磷矿物的可浮性及磷矿浮选药剂的作用机理;浮选工艺研究主要集中在单反浮选和正反浮选工艺的应用效果;浮选药剂研究则主要集中在磷矿反浮选中磷矿物抑制剂、正浮选中硅酸盐矿物抑制剂以及阴阳离子型捕收剂的开发及应用;此外,在磷尾矿综合利用、磷矿化学及微生物分解研究方面也取得了新进展。     

金矿石浮选捕收剂研究现状及发展趋势

综述了金矿石浮选常规捕收剂、新型捕收剂及生物药剂的应用实例和发展情况,发现捕收剂的组合使用可提高金精矿的回收率,改善浮选指标.新型捕收剂的使用可在一定程度上降低药剂用量,改善环境问题.生物药剂最具发展潜力,需深入探索其与矿物颗粒表面作用机制,剖析生物药剂结构与金矿石浮选性能的关系,进一步做强做大其在工业中的应用,践行绿...     

乳化药剂对煤泥浮选的影响

采用乳化药剂和未乳化药剂对任楼煤样进行了浮选试验,从乳化药剂对浮选完善度的影响、药剂水平对精煤产率和灰分的影响、药剂用量等方面对乳化药剂浮选性能进行了研究和探讨;由浮选试验数据分析发现,乳化药剂对浮选完善度有一定的改进,节省了约1/8的药剂用量,提高了精煤产率。     

煤用复合药剂浮选效果研究

以七台河桃山煤泥和新建煤泥为例,研究了药剂配比、加药方式、表面活性剂对煤泥浮选的影响,重点研究了KJ复合药剂的煤泥浮选效果.研究证明,KJ复合药剂是一种良好的煤用浮选药剂.     

浮选技术在煤泥分选中的应用

文章介绍了煤泥浮选技术的原理,概述了浮选药剂和浮选设备的类型和性能,分析了煤泥浮选的工艺条件,并介绍了几种煤泥浮选技术的应用。最后,从浮选药剂的研发、浮选设备的改造、浮选工艺的改进以及浮选技术的创新等方面,对煤泥浮选技术的发展和应用提出了展望。     

絮凝剂在炼油污水处理中的筛选及工业应用

炼油污水处理场浮选除油率的高低直接影响生化处理的效果及外排污水的合格率,而浮选药剂则是决定浮选除油率高低的关键。通过对污水处理场浮选药剂的筛选及工业应用,总结出最佳的药剂投加方案,使浮选除油率和外排污水合格率大为提高。     

烟煤热解全流程脱硫技术应用及研究进展

为实现烟煤热解提质增效,从脱硫角度,调研了各工段脱硫技术的应用及研究现状,试图厘清烟煤热解全流程脱硫的思路。烟煤热解全流程脱硫包括炉前煤炭脱硫、炉中热解脱硫和炉后煤气脱硫3部分。炉前煤炭脱硫方面,重介质洗选和浮选工业应用成熟,电选、磁选、微生物及各类化学脱硫方法仍处于研究阶段;热解脱硫方面,不同气氛下热解脱硫和与添加剂共热解脱硫均处于实验室研究阶段;炉后煤气脱硫以湿法氧化法应用最为广泛。为实现全流程有效脱硫,现阶段应重点加强以下几方面工作:(1)加大炉前脱硫技术的应用范围和研究力度;(2)加强针对有机硫脱除技术的研发;(3)研发配套环保技术,减少过程污染。     

Role of mineral flotation technology in improving bitumen extraction from mined Athabasca oil sands—II. Flotation hydrodynamics of water-based oil sand extraction

Bitumen flotation hydrodynamics in water-based oil sand extraction is critically reviewed by comparing aeration of oil sand slurries with mineral flotation. The role of the two-stage particle-bubble attachment model in flotation is emphasized as a means to accelerate bitumen flotation recovery. It involves the generation of micro/nanobubbles and their frosting on hydrophobic bitumen droplets, followed by their attachment to a flotation-size bubble via its coalescence with the nanobubbles frosted on the bitumen. Nanobubble generation by hydrodynamic cavitation demonstrates that the size of nanobubbles can be reduced, and the number of nanobubbles increased by fast liquid flow, intensified agitation, high dissolved gas content and surfactant concentration. The mechanism of pre-existing gas nuclei in enhancing nanobubble generation by cavitation is utilized to produce a large volume of stabilized nanobubbles for practical flotation, by continuously recirculating the stream through a gas saturation tank or a cavitation tube. The aeration of oil sand slurries in hydrotransport pipelines is analyzed based on its similarity to dissolved air flotation. Bitumen extraction recovery increased significantly with the presence of nanobubbles in the system. The role of improved flotation hydrodynamics in bitumen recovery is briefly discussed in terms of the Suncor operation using flotation columns to process oil sand middling streams. Future research should be directed at understanding bitumen flotation kinetics, optimizing size ranges of nanobubbles for maximized flotation recovery, minimizing wearing of cavitation tubes in industrial operations, and intensifying the role of in-situ nanobubble nucleation on hydrophobic particles/bitumen droplets in flotation, especially for bitumen extraction from underperforming oil sands.     

有机助磨剂对水泥性能的影响及其有机水泥化学分析(英文)

现代水泥、混凝土中大量使用化学外加剂,特别是有机化合物和高分子聚合物化学外加剂,例如：水泥助磨剂、混凝土超塑化剂、引气剂、增稠剂等,大量有机物的加入改变了水泥水化过程、水化动力学、微观结构的发展,传统的水泥混凝土化学不再能很好地解释其微观结构与宏观性能的关系。为此,提出一个新兴的水泥混凝土化学的补充分支—有机水泥化学,在未来的水泥混凝土研究中该给予更多的重视。以有机化学外加剂—助磨剂为例,说明其对水泥水化动力学、水化产物形态以及水泥浆体的超塑化剂需求量、流变特性、强度发展等宏观性能的影响。水泥中加入微量的助磨剂,不仅改变了水泥颗粒分布,还改变了水化动力学,促进起始离子的溶解和铝酸钙（C3A）和铁铝酸钙（C4AF）的早期水化,明显地提高早期强度和28 d强度。助磨剂吸附在水泥表面改变了水泥的表面性质,其中助磨剂和Ca2＋、Fe2＋螯合起关键作用。     

The use of short chain volatile fatty acids in fine coal preparation

Froth flotation and selective agglomeration are two techniques, which can be employed for the recovery of fine coals. Short chain volatile fatty acids (VFAs) contained in landfill-derived liquids are similar in structure to many of the organic chemicals employed in both processes. The results from laboratory investigations, based on flotation and selective agglomeration techniques, have demonstrated that VFAs can substitute for some, or all, of the commercial reagents currently used. The results of these investigations, using VFAs and landfill gas condensates, are presented, along with discussion of their potential application to fine coal recovery.     

利用胶质气体泡沫气浮Cu(Ⅱ)

引　言Ｓｅｂｂａ[1,2 ] 曾报道 ,表面活性剂水溶液在高速搅拌 (>50 0 0ｒ·ｍｉｎ- 1)下混合会生成直径为 10～ 10 0μｍ的微泡沫 (ｍｉｃｒｏｆｏａｍｓ) ,这些微泡沫由气体内核和一层薄皂膜组成 ,称为胶质气体泡沫 (ｃｏｌｌｏｉｄａｌｇａｓａｐｈｒｏｎｓ ,简称ＣＧＡ) .ＣＧＡ的气含率在 6 0 %～70 %之间 .ＣＧＡ不同于传统意义上的泡沫 ,具有胶体的性质 ,且可以用泵输送到设备中去 ,因此可以利用ＣＧＡ进行气浮分离 .近年来 ,许多研究者对ＣＧＡ的气浮分离开展了研究工作 .Ｊａｕｒｅｇｉ和Ｖａｒｌｅｙ[3] 以及Ｎｏｂｌｅ和Ｖａｒｌ…     

FLOTATION OF Cu(Ⅱ) BY COLLOIDAL GAS APHRONS(CGA)

Colloidal gas aphrons(CGAs) were first defined by Sebba( J.Colloid Interface Sci .,1971,35(4):643) as micro bubbles(25—300?μm).These microbubbles do not coalesce easily and are markedly different from conventional soap bubbles in their stability and flow properties.CGAs are composed of a gaseous inner core surrounded by a thin surfactant film, which are created by intense stirring of a surfactant solution. CGA dispersion typically contains about 65% gas. CGA suspensions have viscosity similar to water, which make them suitable for pumping without deterioration in quality. Two important considerations in the application of CGA suspensions are: ① their colloidal size, resulting in a large surface area to volume ratio, and ② the existence of a double film of surfactant encapsulating the gas that retards the coalescence of the bubble. CGA suspensions are found very effective for separating hydrophobic organic compounds and heavy metal ions. In this paper, flotation of Cu(Ⅱ) by colloidal gas aphrons has been conducted in order to explore a new method for separating heavy metal ions from dilute solution. The effects of CGA flow rate, amounts of CGA introduced to the system, surfactant concentration on the flotation efficiency have been systematically investigated. The optimum flotation condition is determined. The results show that flotation efficiency at pH=5—6 has an optimum value to CGA flow rate and amount. When pH is greater than 7, the flotation efficiency can be as high as 99% at the optimum condition.     

黄铁矿浮选的抑制与解抑活化研究进展

黄铁矿浮选问题是金属矿、煤矿以及某些非金属矿等开发利用过程中通常需要面临的问题,其浮选的抑制、解抑活化以及影响其浮选行为的一些因素一直是矿物加工领域的研究热点。本文分析了矿物学因素、难免离子和伽伐尼电偶作用对黄铁矿的浮选行为的影响,着重从浮选药剂与矿物的作用机理方面综述了黄铁矿的抑制与解抑活化;黄铁矿与不同种类的抑制剂作用后通过生成亲水膜、阻止黄药氧化、占据黄铁矿表面捕收剂能作用的活性位点、生成络合物以及多糖、蛋白质等微生物细菌胞外分泌物的吸附等作用对黄铁矿产生抑制作用;高碱环境下常用酸和盐类活化剂对受抑黄铁矿表面的亲水膜溶解进行活化,实现黄铁矿的回收利用。分析认为目前对矿物内部和矿浆的复杂环境研究仍不到位,应通过现代分析测试手段和计算机技术加强研究;黄铁矿不仅仅作为一种矿物资源,黄铁矿等环境矿物在环保领域的研究应用对缓解经济发展与环境保护的矛盾起着至关重要的作用。     

油田钻井废液的处理技术进展

钻井废液是石油及天然气开采过程中产生的主要污染物之一,成分复杂,应对其进行无害化处理或综合利用。本文综述了钻井废液处理技术的研究及应用进展,并其处理技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

浮选设备流体力学特征参数研究现状

浮选设备是矿物加工工程领域一种重要的气液反应装置，主要包括浮选机和浮选柱。浮选设备应用已有百年历史，随着选矿技术水平的提高，浮选设备逐渐向自动化、大型化的方向发展。近年来对浮选设备内流体力学特征参数的研究解析越来越多，进一步促进了设备的合理放大和优化。本工作在简要介绍目前浮选设备的发展和应用现状后，总结了国内外学者对浮选设备内气泡尺寸、气含率和气泡速度3个重要流体力学特征参数的检测方法和研究现状，提出了在今后研究中，开发以机器视觉为核心的检测技术和强化侵入式检测装置的适用性是流体力学特征参数检测手段的发展方向之一。     

Oil recovery from oil in water emulsions using a flotation column

A flotation column was used to recover oil from oil in water emulsions. The feed oil concentrations investigated were relatively high, in the range of 0.25 to 8 percent by volume. Previous studies using conventional flotation cells dealt with very dilute systems where the oil concentration was less than 0.1 percent by volume. The oil recovery was found to decrease with an increase in the feed oil concentration. The addition of wash water to the froth zone of the column had little effect on the oil recovery. The oil recovery decreased with increasing feed flow rate and surfactant concentration. The effect of increasing the gas flow rate was to initially increase the oil recovery. The oil recovery data were analyzed using a kinetic model. The order of the flotation kinetics was found to be 0.6. The gas hold-up behaviour of the recovery and the froth zones of the flotation column is found to correlate well with the drift-flux model.