强化标准与质量监督 提高企业经济运行质量

本文阐述了标准监督和质量监督的内涵及主要任务,通过进行严格的质量监督和标准监督,提高采购产品质量和施工工程质量,维护油田企业的经济利益,进而提高油田的经济运行质量.     

探讨提高油田质量技术监督的方法与对策

近年来油田企业组织开展了多种形式的质量监督活动,但质童监督的处理尚属一个薄弱的环节,它直接影响着质量监督的有效性。本文结合质量监督工特点及实践,提出强化质量监督后处理,提高质量监督有效性的方法与对策。     

浅谈油田技术监督现状与提升质量措施

实施质量技术监督是石油企业发展战略的一项重工程。近年来，油田企业组织开展了多种形式的质量监督活动，质量技术监督的目标是以合理的最低质量成本获取最佳经济效益，促进油田持续稳定的健康发展，不断提高企业管理水平。为此，笔者结合油田质量监督工作的特点及工作实践，就如何强化质量标准监督，提高质量监督的有效性，提出几点看法。     

浅谈加强钻井技术监督管理提高施工质量的对策

钻井工程是一项综合性工作,根据油田的类型、地质条件、所处的勘探开发阶段和钻井运行管理工作的实际,通过引入质量成本概念,实施分类监督管理,以钻井队监督管理为源头,建立钻井质量监督体系,加强技术规范和业务培训以及甲、乙方业务结合等管理措施,达到了提高施工质量的目的。通过几年来的实践,提高了钻井质量和油田开发水平,为类似企业油田钻井质量监督与管理提供了现场实践经验。     

关于钻井工程现场监督工作的几点认识

随着油田开发的深入,钻井面临油藏类型多,井型复杂等系列问题,如何提高钻井质量直接影响到开发效果的好坏。钻井现场监督是提高钻井质量的关键环节。工程质量取决于钻井现场监督人员的责任感和业务素质,取决于钻井监督制度、监督方法是否完善,本文围绕以上方面展开论述。     

广州有色金属研究院分析测试中心

广州有色金属研究院分析测试中心·广东省有色金属产品质量监督检验站·广东省金属材料综合利用检测与评价中心·中国有色金属工业华南产品质量监督检验中心是我国南方从事金属材料、冶金产品、矿产品、化工产品、再生资源等无机化学成分分析和物理性能测试，欧盟环保（RoHS）指令的有害物质检测，     

依靠科技手段提高产品质量监督水平

本文阐述了对产品质量检验重要性的认识,以及如何进一步科学完善检验机构、提高检验人员的素质和运用先进的科技质量检验手段等三个方面提出了依靠科技手段,进行严格的质量监督检验,提高油田采购产品质量的必要性,从而提高产品质量监督水平,达到有效维护油田企业经济利益的目的.     

关于推动油田企业质量监督与管理工作探讨

为进一步与国际快速接轨,加快建设质量管理工作、进一步推动企业发展。在新形式下搞好油田企业的质量管理势在必行。健全质量管理体系,完善标准实施规范,加大计量配备检定力度,强化质量监督,不断开拓质量管理工作新局面,努力实现质量管理工作全面提高,也是促进企业发展,增强企业综合竞争力的必然要求。     

孤东油田开发资料质量监督中存在的问题及对策

油田开发资料录取及指标质量监督是保证油水井资料规范录取、指标及时反映、提高资料全准率的一种有效途径。文章阐述了油田开发资料质量监督的重要性,介绍了胜利油田孤东采油厂油田开发资料质量监督运行情况,分析了质量监督存在的问题,提出了4点对策措施。实践证明,效果良好。     

浅议油田工程质量监督工作的开展

工程质量监督主要目的是保证石化建设工程使用安全和环境质量，本文就油田工程质量监督工作的开展作一探讨。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。