非离子氟碳表面活性剂与重烷基苯磺酸钠复配驱油剂的研究

研究了氟碳intechem-01表面活性剂(FC-01)/重烷基苯磺酸钠(HABS)复配驱油体系的性能,以金属筛网洗油率和静态驱油率、界面张力、与注入水和模拟地层水的配伍性为考察指标。结果表明,复配体系的最佳配比为氟碳intechem-01表面活性剂浓度为0.08%,重烷基苯磺酸钠质量浓度为0.10%,碳酸钠质量浓度为0.20%,碳酸氢钠质量浓度为0.20%。复配体系与定边油田的原油形成较低界面张力,驱油率显著提高,且与定边油田采油注入水和模拟地层水有良好的配伍性。     

辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚与脂肪醇醚羧酸钠复合驱油剂的研究

研究了辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)/脂肪醇醚羧酸钠(AEC9Na)复配驱油体系的性能,通过金属筛网洗油和静态驱油试验、动态界面张力测定、与注入水和模拟地层水的配伍性实验,考察了复配体系的性能,结果表明,当阴离子表面活性剂AEC9Na与非离子表面活性剂OP-10以质量比为2∶1复配,总浓度为0.25%时,复配体系和定边油田的原油形成超低界面张力,驱油率显著提高,且质量浓度小于0.4%时,与定边油田采油注入水和模拟地层水有良好的配伍性。     

十二烷基硫酸钠与氟碳表面活性剂混合体系的溶液性能

测定新型非离子氟碳表面活性剂(Intechem-01)与十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)混合体系的表面张力、cmc、泡沫性能,研究了两者之间的相互作用。结果表明:Intechem-01与SDS质量比为3:1时,体系表面张力最低,cmc最小,体系出现最大协同效应;并且Intechem-01显示了良好的稳泡性能,当其与SDS质量比为5:1时,混合体系25%析液时间可达99.2s。     

松香聚氧乙烯酯表面活性剂去污性能研究

将松香聚氧乙烯酯表面活性剂与标准洗衣液、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和三聚磷酸钠进行复配,研究其去污性能和抗再沉积性。实验结果表明,松香聚氧乙烯酯表面活性剂有较强的去污能力和抗再沉积性能,可单独作洗涤剂使用,其与十二烷基苯磺酸钠和三聚磷酸钠等成分有较好的配伍性和协同性;松香聚氧乙烯酯表面活性剂与标准洗衣液配合使用时,其适宜质量分数为20%。     

碳氟-碳氢表面活性剂复配性能研究

测定了新型非离子氟碳表面活性剂Intechem-01与α-烯烃磺酸盐(AOS-201)复配溶液性能,结果显示出两者之间很好的协同效应。复配后溶液表面张力维持较低水平,cmc低达1.6×10-3(wt%),油水界面张力<1.8mN.m-1,从而可以在油面上更好铺展;同时表现出特有的泡沫性能。     

草浆黑液复配制驱油剂

用正交设计法将混合表面活性剂石油磺酸盐(WPS)与十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和混合碱(草浆黑液与NaOH)进行复配,测定原油/复配体系的界面张力。结果表明,石油磺酸盐与十二烷基苯磺酸钠质量比3∶1,表面活性剂浓度0.6%,黑液与NaOH质量比9∶1,混合碱浓度1.6%为较优方案,界面张力为36.5×10-3mN/m,原油采收率为83.22%。     

无患子皂苷-十二烷基苯磺酸钠复配体系表面活性及在制备氢氧化镍复合材料中的应用

研究了无患子皂苷与十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)复配体系的表面活性,并将其应用于氢氧化镍复合材料的制备中;采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对复合材料进行了结构表征,考察了表面活性剂对材料形貌的影响。研究表明,自提无患子皂苷临界胶束浓度(cmc)和对应表面张力(γ_(cmc))分别为0.200 g/L和38.3 mN/m;在复配体系中,当SDBS的质量分数为5%时,两者表现出协同作用,而当SDBS的质量分数增至20%后,则呈现对抗作用;以SDBS质量分数为5%的表面活性剂复配体系作为添加剂,在0.83 g/L时,制备得到直径约为3μm形貌均匀的球状氢氧化镍复合材料。     

10%苯醚甲环唑水乳剂的配方研究

通过对溶剂及表面活性剂的筛选和配伍,采用相转移法,确定了10%苯醚甲环唑水乳剂的最优配方:苯醚甲环唑质量分数为10%;溶剂甲苯质量分数为22%;表面活性剂农乳602?、Span-20以质量分数3:1复配,总质量分数为8%;去离子水质量分数为59.53%。上述配方所制备的10%苯醚甲环唑水乳剂各项指标合格,并且经热贮(54±2)℃14d,冷贮(0±1)℃14d未出现析油、分层现象,所制备的制剂流动性好、倾倒性佳。     

复配表面活性剂对复合驱油体系性能影响研究

通过对α-烯烃磺酸盐、重烷基苯磺酸盐、石油磺酸盐和复配型等4种表面活性剂配制复合驱油体系的界面张力和黏度性质进行评价,重点对复配型表面活性剂配制复合驱油体系的界面张力和驱油效果进行了系统评价。结果表明,当碱的质量分数为0.3%~0.9%、表面活性剂的质量分数为0.1%~0.3%时,复配型表面活性剂配制复合驱油体系的界面张力可以达到10-3mN/m数量级,且具有达到超低界面张力所需质量分数低和范围宽等特点。物理模拟实验表明,复配型表面活性剂配制三元复合体系的增油效果较单一类型表面活性剂配制三元复合体系的好,采收率增加1.46%(体积分数)。在此基础上,对复配表面活性剂超低界面张力的作用机理进行了理论分析。     

基于短碳链氟碳表面活性剂合成及复配性能测试

合成了一种以短碳链全氟丁基磺酰氟为基础的氟碳表面活性剂,并通过IR、19FNMR、1HNMR等对其进行结构表征,证明合成产物为目标产物,并选用称重法测得产物的表面张力为17.05mN/m,cmc为1.12%。通过氟碳-碳氢表面活性剂的复配,极大地降低了其复配体系的表面张力和cmc,为短碳链氟碳表面活性剂在水成膜灭火剂中的应用提供理论支持。     

一种全氟辛基两性磷酸酯氟碳表面活性剂的复配研究

对一种全氟辛基两性磷酸酯氟碳表面活性剂协同作用进行了研究,考察了该表面活性剂与无机盐、阴离子碳氢表面活性剂、阴离子氟碳表面活性剂和非离子氟碳表面活性剂的复配性能,并对结果进行了讨论。研究表明:该两性磷酸酯氟碳表面活性剂自身表面张力为24.0 mN/m;电解质氯化钠对该两性磷酸酯氟碳表面活性剂影响显著,可使表面张力下降到22.4 mN/m;阴离子碳氢表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)可使表面张力降至21.4 mN/m;阴离子氟碳表面活性剂全氟丁基磺酸钾和四乙基全氟辛基磺酸铵分别使表面张力降至20.9 mN/m和20.2 mN/m;而非离子氟碳表面活性剂N-乙基-N-聚氧乙烯(9)醚-全氟辛基磺酰胺能使表面张力降至20.9 mN/m。     

耐油抗醇泡排剂的研究

针对气井含油、含醇情况,以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、芥酸酰胺丙基甜菜碱(EAB)为主成分,特种表面活性剂氟碳型FC-117为稳定剂,添加剂PVG,获得SDS、EAB、FC-118、PVG的最佳配比为2:1:0.04:0.04,从而研制出独特的抗油、抗盐、抗乙二醇复配泡排剂,与现场常用泡排剂UT-6、UT-11C、UT-10B进行对比。实验表明:复配泡排剂不仅具有优异的抗凝析油、抗甲醇能力,且具有良好的抗温、抗盐等常规泡排剂所具备的优势。     

Properties of aqueous solution of sodium cyclododecyl sulfate

Sodium cyclododecyl sulfate was prepared from cyclododecyl alcohol and chlorosulfonic acid to investigate the physical and surface active properties of the surfactant. Its Krafft point, critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension, emulsifying power, wetting time and dispersing power were examined and compared with those of sodium dodecyl sulfate which has a linear structure and contains the same number of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic portion. The sodium cyclododecyl sulfate, in contrast to the sodium dodecyl sulfate, had a higher (about two times) Krafft point, much larger (about 10 times) CMC, showed the same excellent wetting property, but exhibited lower emulsifying power. Also the sodium cyclododecyl sulfate is more insoluble (as shown by the Krafft point) than the sodium dodecyl sulfate, while calcium ion stability of the cyclododecyl sulfate surfactant is greater than that of the linear anionic surfactant.     

Lipase-mediated synthesis of alkyl ricinoleates and 12-hydroxy stearates and evaluation of the surfactant properties of their sulfated sodium salts

An efficient and simple lipase-mediated synthesis of alkyl ricinoleates and 12-hydroxy stearates was performed by transesterification of methyl ricinoleate/12-hydroxy stearate and various alcohols in a solvent-free system without estolide formation. The reaction conditions were optimized by varying the temperature, pressure, and dosage of lipase. Sulfates of alkyl ricinoleates/12-hydroxy stearates were evaluated for surfactant properties such as surface tension, critical micelle concentration, emulsifying properties, foaming power, and calcium tolerance. The surfactant properties of sulfated alkyl ricinoleates were found to be superior to the sulfated alkyl 12-hydroxy series. The surfactant properties of the above two series of compounds were then compared with sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the properties of sulfated dodecyl ricinoleate and sulfated dodecyl 12-hydroxy stearate were found to be comparable with sodium dodecyl sulfate.     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠微乳液体系中无机盐的作用规律

通过改变无机盐的种类,研究无机盐及其混合盐对十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）/正丁醇/正辛烷/水微乳液体系的影响。微乳体系随着各种盐类浓度的增加,均发生WinsorⅠ Winsor Ⅲ Winsor Ⅱ的相变,但对不同的无机盐其最佳盐度不同。通过对6组混合无机盐体系的研究,表明混合无机盐的效率参数与混合盐组成之间存在线性关系,可以用单一无机盐的效率参数预测出混合盐的情况。以效率参数为桥梁推导出了单一无机盐与混合无机盐之间最佳盐度的关系式,可用于预测混合盐效应,发现预测结果与实验结果吻合良好。     

Study on aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent based on fluorocarbon cationic–hydrocarbon anionic surfactants mixture system

Fluorocarbon surfactants were the main components of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agents (AFFF). Unfortunately, the widely used fluorocarbon surfactant perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was limited due to its toxicity, bioaccumulation and biodegradability. In this paper, an environmentally friendly quaternary ammonium cationic fluorocarbon surfactant with high surface activity and simple synthesis route was reported. The surface performance and aggregation behavior of the mixed solution of this fluorocarbon surfactant and sodium n-octyl sulfate were studied by means of surface tension meter and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that the synergistic effect of sodium n-octyl sulfate and this fluorocarbon surfactant was significant, and many vesicles could be observed in the mixed solution with the concentration of 0.1 mol/L under TEM. Subsequently, three environmental friendly AFFF formulations (F-1, F-2, F-3) were designed with the mixture of the fluorocarbon surfactant, sodium n-octyl sulfate and lauryl betaine BS-12 as foaming agent. Through its foam performance test, it could be seen that F-3 showed relatively excellent foam performance. The initial foam height h₀ was 70 mm, the 25% drainage time was 315 s, the extinguishing time was 28 s, and the burn-back time was 720 s. This kind of fire extinguishing agent had the potential of fire protection application.     

乙醇胺和碳酸钠的乳化性能研究

在50℃下,研究了有机碱乙醇胺和无机碱碳酸钠与模拟地层水的配伍性,以及油水比7∶3时,二者单独或与α-烯烃磺酸钠复配使用时配制的乳状液的性能。结果表明,与碳酸钠相比,乙醇胺溶液与模拟地层水混合后,无沉淀产生;乙醇胺单独使用时,制备的乳状液的乳化油滴粒径较大,最大析水率为68%,高于碳酸钠单独使用时的33%;与碳酸钠和α-烯烃磺酸钠复配时制备的乳状液相比,乙醇胺和α-烯烃磺酸钠复配时,制备的乳状液的粒径小,最大析水率只有6.67%,而且,含乙醇胺体系制备的乳状液的粘度均要低于含碳酸钠体系。