基于标识/位置分离的新型移动性管理机制研究

标识/位置分离是未来网络的重要设计原则之一,LISP基于标识/位置分离提出了一种有效解决互联网路由可扩展性问题的机制,但其在移动性支持方面仍存在诸多问题。为此,本文提出了一种基于LISP架构的新型移动性管理方案,通过引入三种命名机制和两种映射系统,可以在保持映射系统可聚合的前提下,避免现有LISP移动性方案存在的双重映射、双重封装等问题,提供高效、灵活的移动性支持。同时,该方案还提出了一种快速切换机制来进一步优化切换性能。     

一种基于标识的移动通信机制

IPV6的出现不但解决了地址空间紧缺问题,对网络性能的改善也有卓越表现,但是IP地址同时用作用户的身份标识和位置标识,语义过载,不能很好地解决主机移动性和安全性方面存在的问题,应提出一种新的机制加以克服;基于终端的身份与位置分离的设计思想,文中把HIP和SIP协议应用到新的一体化网络中,提出一种基于标识的移动通信机制.     

UDP实现基于标识的终端移动性支持方案

在分析了各种终端移动性支持协议的基础上,提出了一种将接入标识和交换路由标识分离的终端移动性支持方案,并基于UDP协议实现.通过实验表明该方案具有可行性,并且与目前的各种终端移动性支持协议相比,可以很好地支持终端的移动性,保证用户的隐私性、安全性和核心设备的安全性,保障网络的可控可管性.文章还针对此方案大规模应用时会出现的问题做出了预测,并提出了初步的解决方法.     

基于SCTP和移动IP的GEO天基网络移动性管理

相比基于低轨(LEO)卫星的天基网络,基于静止轨道(GEO)卫星的天基网络具有空间节点数量少、拓扑结构简单和系统建设成本低的优点。围绕用户终端在GEO天基网络中的移动性管理问题,利用移动IP架构的位置管理功能定位并追踪移动用户终端的网络位置,基于流控制传输协议(SCTP)的多地址归属特性保证移动切换过程中数据传输连接的连续性,提出了一种融合SCTP协议和移动IP架构的GEO天基网络移动性管理方案,具有良好的网络安全特性。测试结果表明,该方案既消除了移动IP架构固有的"三角路由"缺陷,同时具有较高的切换平滑性,是解决GEO天基网络移动性管理问题的有效方案。     

CM-IMS视频会议技术

CM-IMS是中国移动下一代网络架构,中国移动基于CM-IMS的视频会议技术方案在全面支持语音、视频、数据会议和高清会议功能的同时,能有效解决H.323互通性差、终端要求高、业务可扩展性低等问题。本文分析了CM-IMS视频会议的总体功能要求、系统架构、业务流程和组网方案,并对不同业务部署模式下的技术要点进行了阐述。     

内容感知网络架构

文章提出一种内容感知的未来网络架构。该网络架构通过新型的主机/内容命名机制,能够在网络层支持对内容和主机的统一标识,从而在实现内容高效分发的同时,有效地支持端到端通信;同时,该网络架构还具备良好的扩展性、移动性、安全性。     

无差别移动性管理网络

为了使IMS网络提供更加灵活的移动性支持,提出了一种无差别移动性管理网络。这种网络可以提供良好的服务移动性和用户移动性,使得用户可以永远以本地用户的身份使用接入地的服务,并对在此网络结构下的用户位置管理和会话建立进行了分析。实验结果表明,这种网络结构可以很好地支持用户移动性和服务的移动性。并且在此网络结构下的会话建立开销和用户位置注册开销,均比IMS目前采用的归属地控制方式下的用户注册开销和会话建立开销要小。     

一种基于ELM预测的NDN移动性支持方法

命名数据网络（NDN）架构是信息中心网络思想指导下的新一代网络架构,移动性支持方法是命名数据网络架构下的主要研究点。传统的生产者端移动性支持方法都采取事后应对的方式,对消费者而言,该方法无法保证切换过程的透明性。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于ELM预测的移动性支持方法PB,该方法对原有前向转发表进行修改,并增加了新的控制消息分组使得网络中相应节点可以针对预测算法的结果进行提前调整,并且兴趣分组多播的方式使得无论何时发生切换,生产者终端都能立即对兴趣分组进行响应,同时方法针对预测可能失败的问题提供了快速恢复网络原有状态的方法。仿真实验表明,本文提出的PB移动性支持方法相比于RP和IP移动性支持方法能显著降低切换时延,减少因切换导致的分组丢失。     

基于动态层次位置管理的HIP移动性支持机制

针对现有HIP机制不支持节点微移动的问题,该文提出了基于动态层次位置管理的HIP移动性支持机制。在该机制中,网络划分成多个自治域,每个自治域划分成多个注册域。当节点在同一个注册域内移动时,在管理该注册域的本地集合服务点中进行位置更新;当节点在同一个自治域内移动时,在管理该自治域的网关集合服务点中进行位置更新。节点根据自己的移动速率以及呼叫到达率选取本地集合服务点并计算注册域的最佳范围。仿真结果表明,该机制能较好地降低节点移动时的信令开销,支持节点微移动。     

下一代网络通用移动性管理技术初探

针对下一代网络(NGN)的通用移动性要求,阐述了符合NGN全IP网络传送这一特点的两类移动性解决方案——基于网络层解决方案(移动IP)和基于应用层解决方案(移动SIP),比较了它们在支持终端移动性、个人移动性和业务移动性支持上的优缺点,进而分析两者结合方案,提出将网络层移动性管理进行联合优化设计,是研究NGN通用移动性管理技术的一种努力方向。     

An operational mobility model over IPv6: design,modeling, and evaluation

The fast Internet evolution and rapid development of wireless technologies have made it possible for users to communicate while on the move. Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) is a candidate solution for next generation mobile Internet. Despite its popularity, MIPv6 still suffers from various limitations, for example, lack of business model and management of enormous and discrete home agents, preventing it from being deployed in large‐scale commercial environments. Recently, the ID/Locator split architecture has demonstrated its significant predominance in next generation mobile networks. With the aim of pushing the global deployment of mobility support over IPv6, this study makes an effort to design and evaluate an operational mobility model over IPv6 (OMIPv6) based on the ID/Locator split architecture to tackle the problems raised by the current form of MIPv6. In particular, a distributed cloud mobility management system is employed to be responsible for maintaining the identification and locations of mobile hosts, and providing the name resolution services to the mobile hosts. Furthermore, this paper develops an analytical model considering all possible costs required for the operation of OMIPv6, and adopts it as a cost‐effective tool to evaluate various costs and operation overheads on the performance of the OMIPv6 protocol. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

IER： ID-ELOC-RLOC BASED ARCHITECTURE FOR NEXT GENERATION INTERNET

The scalability and mobility issues in current Internet architecture have drawn a lot of attentions from researchers. However, there are still many problems in current solutions. In this paper, we argue that three spaces, i.e., endpoint IDentifier （ID）, Endpoint Locator （ELoc） and Routing Locator （RLoc）, are necessary to realize two separations, i.e., separating identifier from locator and separating edge networks from the transit core. Following this argument, we design ID-ELoc-RLoc based architecture, i.e., IER, a separation approach to solve both mobility and scalability issues. After separating identifier from locator, mobile endpoints can ensure continuity of communications across IP address changes since their IDs do not change during moving. After separating edge networks from the transit core, the size and dynamics of global routing table would not be affected by traffic engineering, multi-homing, etc. in edge networks. In this paper, we introduce the definitions, framework, and implementation considerations of our IER architecture in details.     

LISP-MN: Mobile Networking Through LISP

The current Internet architecture was not designed to easily accommodate mobility because IP addresses are used both to identify and locate hosts. The Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) decouples them by considering two types of addresses: EIDs that identify hosts, and RLOCs that identify network attachment points and are used as routing locators. LISP, with such separation in place, can also offer native mobility. LISP-MN is a particular case of LISP which specifies mobility. In this paper we provide a comprehensive tutorial on LISP-MN, showing its main features and how it compares to existing mobility protocols.     

Distributed mapping management of identifiers and locators in mobile‐oriented Internet environment

Many schemes have recently been proposed for the separation of identifier (ID) and locator (LOC), which include the Host Identity Protocol, the Identifier‐Locator Network Protocol, and the Locator Identifier Separation Protocol. However, all of these schemes were originally designed in fixed network environment, rather than mobile network environment. In particular, these schemes are based on a centralized map server that is used as an anchor point for mobile nodes, and thus intrinsically subject to some limitations in a mobile environment. In this paper, we propose a distributed ID‐LOC mapping management scheme in a mobile‐oriented Internet environment. In the proposed scheme, we assume that a host has a globally unique and hierarchical Host ID (HID) that contains the information of its home network domain. Each network domain has a distributed map server for distributed management of ID‐LOC mappings. For roaming support, each distributed map server maintains its own home HID register and visiting HID register, which are used to keep the mappings of HID and LOCs for mobile nodes in the distributed manner. By performance analysis, it is shown that the proposed distributed scheme can give better performance than the existing centralized schemes in terms of ID‐LOC binding update and data delivery costs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ILNP: mobility, multi-homing, localised addressing and security through naming

Internet users seek solutions for mobility, multi-homing, support for localised address management (i.e. via NATs), and end-to-end security. Existing mobility approaches are not well integrated into the rest of the Internet architecture, instead primarily being separate extensions that at present are not widely deployed. Because the current approaches to these issues were developed separately, such approaches often are not harmonious when used together. Meanwhile, the Internet has a number of namespaces, for example the IP address or the Domain Name. In recent years, some have postulated that the Internet’s namespaces are not sufficiently rich and that the current concept of an address is too limiting. One proposal, the concept of separating an address into an Identifier and a separate Locator, has been controversial in the Internet community for years. It has been considered within the IETF and IRTF several times, but always was rejected as unworkable. This paper takes the position that evolving the naming in the Internet by splitting the address into separate Identifier and Locator names can provide an elegant integrated solution to the key issues listed above, without changing the core routing architecture, while offering incremental deployability through backwards compatibility with IPv6.     

Distributed mobility management in named data networking

The information‐centric networking concept was proposed to fulfill the scalability and efficiency requirements of the content‐centric Internet in the future. Among the multiple information‐centric networking proposals, Named Data Networking (NDN) is one of the most important representatives. NDN uses a hierarchical name to identify the data after which the on‐path cache can be deployed to improve the efficiency of data retrieval. However, with the development of mobile Internet, how to extend NDN in the mobile environment to enable efficient and scalable mobility management remains a challenge. We propose a distributed mobility management scheme for both the mobile receiver and the mobile publisher in NDN. Our proposed approach is based on the basic NDN naming and routing principles to select the branching node of the previous and new access locations of the mobile terminal after which the on‐path routing states are dynamically adjusted accordingly. Then we propose a novel analytical model to analyze the performance of the proposed scheme. The results demonstrate that the proposed scheme inherits the scalability and efficiency of NDN in the mobile Internet. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

HIMALIS-VI: Fast and Secure Mobility Management Scheme Based on HIMALIS for V2I Services in Future Networks

To overcome the inherent limitations of the current Internet architecture, such as lack of mobility support and security mechanism, research has begun on future Internet based on ID/locator split architecture. For the realization of future networks, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of their services and applications, as well as research on their basic architectures. The representative services include Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System (C-ITS) applications based on vehicle-to-vehicle/vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2V/V2I) communication which can prevent vehicular accidents, increase the efficiency of transportation systems, and reduce environmental pollution, all while improving passenger convenience. Since C-ITS services using V2I communication are tightly connected to both passenger and pedestrian safety, they require not only continuous network access but also secure communication regardless of the vehicle mobility. To provide continuous network access and secure communication to moving vehicles in future networks based on an ID/locator split approach, authentication and location updates of moving vehicles should be frequently performed, which results in significant signaling overhead. Therefore, to integrate V2I communication with an ID/locator split approach based on the (R1) HIMALIS architecture, in this paper we propose a novel mobility management scheme, called HIMALIS-VI, which can contribute to a delay reduction for the authentication and mitigating handover procedures at both the mobile hosts and network entities in an edge network.     

Distributed Mapping Management of Identifiers and Locators in LISP-based Mobile Networks

The Locator Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) has been proposed as an identifier-locator separation scheme for scalable Internet routing. However, LISP was originally designed in the fixed network environment rather than in the mobile network environment. In particular, the existing LISP mobility schemes are based on a centralized map server that is used as an anchor point for mobile nodes, and thus intrinsically subject to some limitations in mobile environment. In this paper, we propose a distributed mapping management of Endpoint Identifiers (EIDs) and Locators (LOCs) in mobile LISP networks. We use Routing LOC (RLOC) and Local LOC (LLOC) as locators for mobile hosts. RLOC represents the IP address of the domain gateway, and LLOC is the IP address of the access router that a host is currently attached to. For EID-LOC mapping management, each network domain has a Distributed Map Server (DMS) over its gateway. Each DMS keeps track of the EID-LOC mapping information for mobile hosts in the distributed way. The proposed scheme is also a network-based approach, in which each access router, instead of a host, performs the mapping management operations. From the performance analysis, we can see that the proposed distributed scheme can give better performance than the existing schemes in terms of the signaling delays required for EID-LOC mapping update and query operations.     

A Domain-Based Routing Protocol for SSM Source Mobility in Mobile IPv6 Networks

In Mobile IP, the signaling traffic overhead will be too high since the new Care-of-Address (CoA) of the mobile node (MN) is registered all the way with the home agent (HA) whenever the MN has moved into a new foreign network. To complement Mobile IP in better handling local movement, several IP micro protocols have been proposed. These protocols introduce a hierarchical mobility management scheme, which divides the mobility into micro mobility and macro mobility according to whether the host's movement is intra-domain or inter-domain. Thus, the requirements on performance and flexibility are achieved, especially for frequently moving hosts. This paper introduces a routing protocol for multicast source mobility on the basis of the hierarchical mobile management scheme, which provides a unified global architecture for both uni- and multicast routing in mobile networks. The implementation of multicast services adopts an improved SSM (Source Specific Multicast) model, which combines the advantages of the existing protocols in scalability and mobility transparency. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol has better performance than the existing routing protocols for SSM source mobility.