KCaPO4:Tb3+绿色荧光粉的发光特性

采用高温固相法合成了KCaPO4:Tb3+绿色荧光粉,并研究了材料的发光性质.KCaPO4:Tb什材料呈多峰发射,发射峰为437、490、545、587和623nm,分别对应Tb3+的5D3→F4和5D4→FJ=615,4,3跃迁发射,主峰为545nm;监测545nm发射峰,所得激发光谱由4f7 5d1宽带吸收(200...     

绿色荧光粉Zn_2Ca(PO_4)_2:Tb~(3+)的制备及发光性能研究

采用高温固相法合成了绿色荧光粉Zn2Ca(PO4)2:Tb3+,测定了该荧光粉的XRD图谱、激发光谱及发射光谱。XRD图谱表明在高温还原气氛下合成了纯相的荧光粉Zn2Ca(PO4)2:Tb3+。该荧光粉的激发谱位于340～400nm。在紫外激发下主要发射峰位于490、544、584、622nm,对应于Tb3+的5D4→7F6、5D4→7F5、5D4→7F4、5D4→7F3的特征发射。考察了Tb3+的掺杂浓度对样品发光效率的影响,分析了Tb3+的544nm发射的自身浓度猝灭机理并探讨了敏化剂Ce3+离子的加入对荧光粉发光的影响。此绿色荧光粉Zn2Ca(PO4)2:Tb3+是一种很有潜力的适于UVLED管芯激发的发光粉。     

LiyMg2-x-yP2O7:xTb3+磷酸盐基质荧光粉的制备及发光性能研究

采用高温固相法制备得到了新型磷酸镁基质荧光粉LiyMg2-x-yP2O7:xTb3+,利用红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对产品进行了表征,研究了Tb3+、Li+掺杂量对其物相及发光强度的影响。结果表明:Tb3+的掺入对其产品物相有一定影响,Li+的掺杂对产品物相影响较小。Tb3+和Li+的最佳掺杂摩尔分数均为12%,Li+的掺入对其激发峰及发射峰位置基本没有影响,但能有效提高产品的发光强度。该荧光粉的最强激发峰位于波长371nm处,最强发射峰位于波长545nm处,为绿色发光,是良好的近紫外激发绿色发光材料。     

新型黄绿色发光材料Sr2MgSi3O9:Ce3+,Tb3+的合成及光谱分析

采用凝胶-燃烧法在活性炭弱还原气氛下成功合成了新型荧光粉Sr2MgSi3O9 :Tb3+、Sr2MgSi3O9:Ce3+,Tb3+,用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、荧光分光光度计等对合成产物进行了分析和表征.结果表明,所合成的发光材料与Sr2MgSi2O7具有相似的晶体结构,同属四方晶系.样品一次颗粒近似球形,粒径在100nm左右.Sr2MgSi3O9:Tb3+的激发光谱为一位于249nm的宽带,发射光谱主要由473、491、547、585nm等一系列发射峰组成,其中473nm(5D3→<7F3)为主发射峰,547nm(5D4→7F5)为次发射峰;样品Sr1.955MgSi3O9:Tb3+0.04,Ce3+0.005的激发光谱由峰值分别位于249和335nm的双激发带组成,其中后者为主激发带.在335nm激发下,其发射光谱由两部分组成,其中400nm附近的带状发射对应于Ce3+的发射,而491、547、588nm处的发射峰归属为Tb3+的5+D4→7FJ(J=6,5,4)跃迁发射,最强峰位于547nm,对应Tb3+的5D4→7F5跃迁.此外,探讨了Ce3+掺杂量对样品发光亮度的影响,发现Ce3+可以把能量传递给Tb3+,对Tb3+起到敏化作用.     

Eu2+在KNaCa2（PO4）2中的发光及晶体学格位

采用高温固相法制备了KNaCa2(PO4)2:Eu2+蓝色荧光粉,并研究了材料的发光特性.在400 nm近紫外光激发下,材料呈非对称的单峰发射,主峰位于470 nm.监测470 nm发射峰,对应的激发光谱覆盖200~450 nm,主峰位于400 nm,说明材料能够很好的吸收紫外?近紫外光,发射蓝色光.利用van Uitert公式计算了Eu2+取代KNaCa2(PO4)2中Ca2+时所占晶体学格位,得出461和502 nm发射分别归属于八配位和六配位的Eu2+发射.研究了Eu2+掺杂浓度对KNaCa2(PO4)2:Eu2+材料发射强度的影响,结果显示Eu2+的最佳掺杂浓度为1mol%,利用Dexter理论得出其浓度猝灭机理为电偶极?电偶极相互作用.     

钼酸锶红色荧光粉的燃烧合成及其表征

采用燃烧法合成了SrMoO4:Eu3+红色荧光粉,用X射线衍射(XRD)和荧光光谱对其结构和发光性能进行了表征。研究了燃烧温度、保温时间、Eu3+和电荷补偿剂Na+浓度对荧光粉发光性能的影响,确定了燃烧合成SrMoO4:Eu3+红色荧光粉的优化工艺参数。SrMoO4:Eu3+荧光粉样品的激发光谱在200～350nm之间有一个宽带主激发峰和分别在近紫外394nm、蓝光465nm处有2个次激发峰,其红光发射峰位于617nm处。     

BaMg2(PO4)2:Sm3+红色荧光粉发光性质的研究

采用高温固相法合成了BaNg2(PO4)2:Sm3+红色荧光材料发光材料并对其发光特性进行了研究.该荧光粉有三个主要发射峰,分别位于564 nm、600 nm、648 nm,对应于4G5/2→6H5、4G5/2→6H7、4G5/2→6H9/2的跃迁发射,其中600 nm处发射最强,呈现红色发光.随着Sm3+浓度的增加,...     

绿色荧光粉Y_2GeO_5:Bi~(3+),Tb~(3+)的制备及发光性能

采用高温固相法制备绿色荧光粉Y2GeO5∶Bi3+,Tb3+,利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、激光粒度仪和光致发光光谱对其性能进行表征,并探讨Bi3+和Tb3+离子掺杂量对发光性能的影响。结果表明,掺杂Bi3+和Tb3+分别作为敏化剂和发光中心进入到Y2GeO5的晶格中,最佳掺杂量分别为1.2%、8%(摩尔分数);样品为类球形颗粒,其d50为6.39μm;峰值为314 nm的激发带由Bi3+离子、基质激发峰以及Tb3+的7F6→5D1复合而成;在314 nm波长激发下,发射光谱呈现峰值为373 nm宽带和位于430⁶50 nm的多个锐利峰;Bi3+离子掺杂使5D4→7F5的发光强度提高3倍。     

低温燃烧法合成γ-LiAlO2:Eu3+红色荧光粉及其发光性能

低温燃烧法合成了γ-LiAlO2:Eu3+红色荧光粉,采用XRD、SEM、PL对样品进行了结构、形貌及发光性能表征。结果表明样品为四方晶系结构,在395nm的紫外光激发下,样品发射峰位于578、588、613、651和700nm,对应Eu3+离子的5 D0→7FJ=0,1,2,3,4的能级跃迁,主峰位于613nm处。其发光强度与Eu3+和H3BO3的掺量密切相关。     

La(BO_3,PO_4):Ce,Tb,Gd的发光研究

以 BPO4和稀土氧化物为原料制备了铈、铽、钆共掺杂的硼磷酸镧绿色荧光粉,研究了基质中 Gd3＋、 Ce3＋、 Tb3＋的发光特性及它们之间的相互作用。在该基质中存在 Ce3＋→ Gd3＋、Gd3＋→ Tb3＋、 Ce3＋→ Tb3＋的能量传递;当钆加入到铈、铽共掺杂的硼磷酸镧基质中会导致铈离子的发射减弱,铽离子 5D4→ 7FJ的发射显著增强,而 5D3→ 7FJ的发射没有明显变化,故有利于提高荧光粉的发光强度和绿色发射纯度。用硼磷酸钆作基质比用硼磷酸镧更能提高荧光粉的发光强度、发光纯度以及发光色坐标 x的值,所以 La(BO3,PO4):Ce,Tb,Gd和 Gd(BO3,PO4):Ce,Tb均是理想的绿色发射材料。     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

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