一代宗师何朝宗瓷塑艺术的文化解读

明代德化瓷塑大师、瓷圣何朝宗的瓷塑艺术具有独特和永恒的艺术魅力,它达到了中国古代瓷塑艺术成就的高峰。何朝宗鬼斧神工的瓷塑艺术将宗教精神、人生哲学、审美情趣融入德化的白瓷,创造出了一件件不朽的瓷塑艺术品,他的艺术风格一直影响到数百年后的今天。现存福建泉州海交馆的何朝宗瓷塑艺术代表作品《渡海观音》,就是一尊何氏精湛的雕塑艺术语言和艺术家心目中的“世上独一无二的艺术珍品”。何朝宗的瓷塑艺术凝铸着一个时代的智慧,它将永恒的闪耀着灿烂的光辉。     

木块填料对高浓度乙醇连续发酵过程中振荡行为的弱化机制

前期研究发现，添加木块填料可有效弱化管式反应器中的振荡行为，并推测其机理可能与酵母细胞的固定化、酵母细胞生长微环境的改变和管式反应器中稀释速率的改变三方面因素有关。本文实验证明了木块填料反应器的稀释率的改变不是导致振荡弱化的主要原因。进一步研究表明：一方面，与其他填料体系相比，木块填料体系不仅维持了较高的生物量浓度，而且维持了较高的细胞活性，从而具备了弱化振荡的前提条件；另一方面，与无填料体系培养出的酵母细胞相比，木块填料体系培养的酵母细胞具有较高的乙醇耐受性，从而弱化了乙醇浓度变化导致的发酵参数的大幅度波动。     

浅谈现代陶艺

20世纪90年代以来,在中国现代陶艺的快速发展的道路上,积累了不少问题,其中一些问题是中国特有的,它是中国当代艺术在国际化潮流中不可避免的遭遇,例如现代主义和后现代主义在移植时的前后衔接的尴尬,本土化、后殖发主义的影响等.     

Y型分子筛负载磷钨酸催化剂的结构和性能

采用混合法制备磷钨酸质量分数不同的Y型分子筛负载催化剂,利用傅立叶红外光谱和X射线衍射仪表征了催化剂的表面酸性和结构,并用催化法脱除芳烃中微量烯烃的烷基化反应考察其催化性能.结果表明,220 ℃焙烧的磷钨酸为Keggin结构,550 ℃焙烧的磷钨酸为Dawson结构,Dawson结构的磷钨酸催化烷基化反应的性能优于Keggin结构的磷钨酸.随着磷钨酸量的增加,催化剂中B酸量先增加后减少,L酸量减少.550 ℃焙烧的磷钨酸质量分数为5%的催化剂具有较好的催化活性和较长的寿命.     

华顾恩:团队是成功的关键——独家专访法基瑞安水泥首席执行官

"你好,欢迎欢迎!".作为拉法基瑞安水泥的CEO,华顾思微笑着向<中国水泥>的记者们一一握手打招呼,尽管他的发音还带着外国的语调,但听起来非常亲切.陪同我们采访的公司负责企业传播的副总裁乔天云告诉记者,与我们见面之前,华顾思刚刚从法国总部开会回来.他的工作很忙,日程安排满满的,许多时间都是在国内国际航线上度过的.但他依然神采奕奕,目光敏锐,嘴角带着可亲的笑容.华顾思热情随和,采访中始终带着微笑,有时还开个玩笑.他给<中国水泥>记者的印象--身材魁梧,天庭饱满,浓而密的眉毛下面有一双睿智的眼晴,这是一位具有很强亲和力和感染力的企业领导人.     

骨胶生产中蒸骨制胶操作方法

1 对蒸骨制胶过程的认识 蒸骨制胶的过程也就是用蒸汽使骨料块在密封的锅内受热、受压,使骨质疏松,由生胶质热解转变为可溶解于热水的动物胶质(习惯上称之为"骨胶")的过程.     

浅谈设备的性能与操作对内胎质量的影响

从内胎生产所用设备的性能和操作对内胎质量的影响进行了阐述.着重介绍了内胎生产所用设备的结构、工艺流程及经常出现的质量缺陷、造成的原因和防治办法.对内胎生产具有一定的参考价值.     

硬度计压头形状和负荷的大小对显微硬度的影响

硬度是衡量超硬材料烧结体的主要特性之一.然而目前国内外还没有超硬材料烧结体硬度测量的统一的标准.文章通过硬度计测量标准块的硬度值总结如下:施加相同力而采用不同形状的压头所得结果不同,采用相同的压头而施加不同的力所得结果也不一样;随着施加负荷的增大,压痕周围产生的破碎形变也在增大,这将影响测量值的准确性.因此,压头的形状和所施加的负荷是影响硬度值的一个重要因素.通过分析得知,在测试中应采用努普压头并且施加小负荷的力.[1,3]     

颜色釉的装饰特点及其运用

景德镇的高温颜色釉瓷器以其丰富多彩的釉色、精致完美的器物、风格迥异的造型、清亮耀眼的光泽,而成为世界工艺美术史上一颗闪烁着夺目光华的明珠.本文从颜色釉的形成和发展、颜色釉的工艺特色以及颜色釉的运用及创新等方面作了些浅显论述,以求证颜色釉的灿烂成就.     

简论中国古代民间陶瓷

中国古代民间陶瓷的丰厚文化遗存再现了其悠远的历史,它庞大的产量不仅曾服务历代民众而且大额外销,在各个历史时期,民间陶瓷造型、装饰、工艺等的成就卓然。它的传统深植于民众之中,是历史传承积累的智慧和经验,也是现代陶瓷文化民族性的渊源以及发展的原动力。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。