无线互联 纺织未来

因特网的发展引起了新的产业革命,变革了经济的运行模式,刺激了广大企业的创新意识,促进了教育的普及和提高,大大改变发展中国家的工业化模式,甚至会改变国家之间的力量对比。不仅如此,互联网还造就了崭新的一代群体。就像60年代电视改变了人们的娱乐方式,造就了“电视一代”;80年代电脑改变了人们的工作方式,促成了“电脑一代”一样,九十年代Internet改变了人们获取信息的方式,诞生了“网络一代”。互联网对人类社会的影响是深刻而长远的,即给人们带来挑战,更给人们带来机遇。     

基于Systemview的OFDM系统仿真分析

正交频分复用被看作是第四代移动通信的核心技术之一,在高速数据传输中得到了广泛的应用.本文介绍了OFDM的基本原理,给出了OFDM系统的基本框架,并基于Systeinview建立了OFDM系统的仿真模型.分析了采用编码和交织的系统性能并给出了仿真结果.为进一步研究OFDM系统性能提供了一个通用的平台.     

射频仿真目标模拟系统误差分析及补偿

阐明了近场效应产生的原理,推导了二元定向公式,并对其进行了建模仿真,得出其对系统精度的影响程度.建立了阵面及转台回转中心关系的模型,利用模型推导了幅度误差和相位误差对目标位置精度的影响,然后对衰减器与移相器幅相漂移产生的原因进行了分析,并提出了各种误差的补偿办法.最后给出了系统误差产生的顺序.     

无人机障碍探测与识别技术研究

首先介绍了无人机障碍探测与识别的发展现状及所面临的难点;在目标探测方面,介绍了合成孔径雷达的分类,重点阐述了合成孔径雷达的成像原理及各算法的优缺点,简要论述了合成孔径雷达今后的发展趋势;在目标识别方面,介绍了目标识别的原理和人工智能神经网络应用于目标识别的优点,对当前雷达信号领域内的主要目标识别算法进行了比较,分析了其优缺点;最后对无人机障碍探测识别技术进行了总结和展望.     

向Intel迁移!（下）

Intel意识到了自己的错误，果断终止了Itanium的开发，并重振旗鼓研发出了Pentium芯片和一系列的后继产品。这一举措让苹果看到了与之合作的希望，它们历时三年完成了软件和硬件的底层移植，之后又先后运用了模拟器和通用二进制技术，最终彻底完成了这场“浩荡”的大迁移。     

基于构件技术的通用ATS框架设计

通过总结传统测试系统开发方法的弊端,提出了通用ATS框架的概念,并分析了其优越性;然后介绍了构件及框架的基本概念,给出了ATS框架的设计方法及开发过程;分析了框架的整体结构,详细研究了构件在ATS框架的测试管理、数据管理、仪器管理和网络通信4个子系统中的应用;最后识别出了各个子系统的扩展点,利用Strategy、Template等设计模式的软件技术方法对扩展点进行了设计,实现了通用ATS面向对象框架,提高了系统的复用性和可扩展性,达到了ATS测试软件设计高效率,低成本的要求。     

基于μPSD3200的甲烷检测仪的研究与实现

论述了热载体催化元件检测法的原理,提出了对电桥电源和电桥输出电压同步测量的改进方案,有效地提高了测量精度。应用μPSD3200的CPLD功能,实现了软硬件结合的SPI接口方法,提高了MCU运行效率。提出了矿井“黑匣子”,给出了一种硬件控制的安全存取数据的方法,增强了仪表的抗干扰能力。     

软件测试度量的模糊数学评价方法研究

简述了软件测试的重要性,论证了软件测试度量的模糊性,提出了采用贴近度及模糊综合评价对软件测试度量结果的评价方法并进行了详细的分析,最后总结了两种评价方法的特点及其使用情况.     

JN5121无线控制器的功能剖析及应用探讨

报告了ZigBee的现状、发展趋势以及各大ZigBee芯片供应商的情况.介绍了Jennic的JN5121芯片的功能、内部结构及芯片所包含的可用资源.分析了JN5121芯片在工业应用中的可行性及适用性.说明了ZigBee的协议栈和其中的基本操作系统,介绍了其中几个重要的API函数,研究了如何在JN5121芯片上设计用户应用程序的方法,并给出了程序代码与程序入口.列举了JN5121在无线压力变送器设计中的应用示例,并提供了设计思路和实现方法,给出了硬件设计框图和设计时的注意事项.     

ODS系统的设计与应用

ODS的出现弥补了DB-DW两层体系结构的不足,满足了企业信息处理多层次的要求.本文给出了ODS系统的设计,既实现了对操作型数据的存储,又满足了企业对分析型数据的需求.     

Interannual covariability between actual evapotranspiration and PAL and GIMMS NDVIs of northern Asia

This study examined the covariability between interannual changes in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and actual evapotranspiration (ET). To reduce possible uncertainty in the NDVI time series, two NDVI datasets derived from Pathfinder AVHRR Land (PAL) data and the Global Inventory Monitoring and Modeling Studies (GIMMS) group were used. Analyses were conducted using data over northern Asia from 1982 to 2000. Interannual changes over 19 years in the PAL-NDVI and GIMMS-NDVI were compared with interannual changes in ET estimated from model-assimilated atmospheric data and gridded precipitation data. For both NDVI datasets, the annual maximum correlation with ET occurred in June, which is the beginning of the vegetation growing season. The PAL and GIMMS datasets showed a significant, positive correlation between interannual changes in the NDVI and ET over most of the vegetated land area in June. These results suggest that interannual changes in vegetation activity predominantly control interannual changes in ET in June. Based on analyses of interannual changes in temperature, precipitation, and the NDVI in June, the study area can be roughly divided into two regions, the warmth-dominated northernmost region and the wetness-dominated southern region, indicating that interannual changes in vegetation and the resultant interannual changes in ET are controlled by warmth and wetness in these two regions, respectively.     

Back to the Future: An Historical Perspective on the Pendulum-Like Changes in Literacy

This article focuses on the pendulum-like change in the way people read and use text, which was triggered by the introduction of new reading and writing technologies in human history. The paper argues that textual features, which characterized the ancient pre-print writing culture, disappeared with the establishment of the modern-day print culture and has been “revived” in the digital post-modern era. This claim is based on the analysis of four cases which demonstrate this textual-pendulum swing: (1) The swing from concrete iconic-graphic representation of letters and words in the ancient alphabet to abstract phonetic representation of text in modern eras, and from written abstract computer commands “back” to the concrete iconic representation in graphic user interfaces of the digital era; (2) The swing from scroll reading in the pre-print era to page or book reading in the print era and “back” to scroll reading in the digital era; (3) The swing from a low level of authorship in the pre-print era to a strong authorship perception in the print era, and “back” to a low degree of authorship in the digital era; (4) The swing from synchronic representation of text in both visual and audio formats during the pre-print era to a visual representation only in print, and “back” to a synchronic representation in many environments of the digital era. We suggest that the print culture, which is usually considered the natural and preferred textual environment, should be regarded as the exception.     

利用MODIS EVI时间序列数据分析福建省植被变化(2000~2017年)

以全国森林覆盖率最高的福建省为研究对象,利用2000~2017年夏季的MODIS EVI植被指数数据和气象与非气象因子进行协同分析,以揭示近17年福建植被的时空变化及其影响因子。结果表明:研究期内福建的EVI均值整体上升,从2000年的0.454上升至2017年的0.505,17 a间上升了11.2%,表明福建省的植被整体处于变好的状态,且在中部和西南部的变化最明显。相关分析表明,在研究期内,气象因子(气温和降水)对EVI变化的影响不显著,植被的变好主要为非气象因子的作用。EVI的提高主要得益于2003年福建省建设生态省后森林覆盖率的提高,并和2012年开始的水土流失治理有明显关系,这说明人类活动的积极作用对福建植被的变好起到了关键的作用。     

Methods of system development in Finland

Interest in the use of different methodologies, methods and tools for information systems analysis and design has been increasing for the last decade in Finland. This has resulted in the founding of a special interest group in systems analysis and design within the Finnish Data Procesing Association and in its making a survey of the methods and tools in use in Finland in 1980. This survey was in the form of a questionnaire mailed to the company members of the association. The results of the survey show a wide use of different tools in the design and implementation of information systems. In the analysis phase, there seems to be a need for more and better methods and tools. In 1980 several companies began to use new methodologies, methods and tools in the field; the most common are: the Swedish ISAC, Jackson's JSP, and the data dictionary.     

The influence of IT: perspectives from five Australian schools

Abstract Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are now widespread in Australian schools but with variation in how, where, when and how much they are used. Computers may be located in a computer laboratory, distributed throughout the school, or students may use their own laptop computers. IT may be a subject in its own right or ICT may be used across all areas of the curriculum. It is how ICT is used in the school setting that is important in providing students with the skills to be participate in a 'knowledge society'. This paper examines the ways in which information and communication technologies influence teaching and learning in five Australian schools. Data were gathered through observation, interviews and document analysis in schools operating at the elementary and secondary grades in relatively technology rich environments. Each of the schools participated in the Australian component of the Second Information Technology in Education Study – Module 2 (SITES-M2) of innovative pedagogical practices. Several of the studies were of specific projects where ICT was the key enabler of the learning programme. Others focused on an entire school's approach to ICT as an agent for changed approaches to learning.     

关联规则挖掘技术研究进展*

为帮助人们深入研究关联规则挖掘技术,总结了关联规则的分类方法、评价方法以及相关技术的最新进展,特别是对关联规则的主要算法进行了详细的介绍,并探讨未来的发展方向。该研究比较系统全面,对将来进一步深入分析关联规则挖掘技术具有指导意义。     

北半球及典型区雪深时空分布与变化特征

基于欧空局的GlobSnow雪水当量数据集和国家青藏高原科学数据中心的北半球长时间序列雪深数据集NHSD研究了北半球及9个典型区的雪深时空分布与变化特征。结果表明：北半球1988~2018年平均雪深总体呈显著下降趋势（p<0.01）,年际变化幅度为-0.55 cm·（10 a）^-1。在高纬度地区,加拿大北部和阿拉斯加年平均雪深下降明显（p<0.01）,下降速率分别为3.48 cm·（10 a）^-1和3 cm·（10 a）^-1,两地区月平均雪深在冬季显著下降。西西伯利亚平原和东欧平原年平均雪深呈下降趋势,其中东欧平原雪深下降较为明显（p<0.01）,变化速率为-2.3 cm·（10 a）^-1,两地区的月平均雪深在春季显著下降,其中5月份最为明显。东西伯利亚山地的雪深年际变化呈增加趋势,除堪察加半岛外,其月平均雪深在冬季呈显著增加趋势。对于高山区,阿尔卑斯山脉和落基山脉的年平均雪深呈缓慢增长趋势,而青藏高原地区雪深呈缓慢下降趋势。阿尔卑斯山脉的月平均雪深在冬季呈显著增加趋势,5月份显著减小。落基山脉和青藏高原雪深变化呈现出空间异质性：在整个研究时段,落基山脉北部月平均雪深呈下降趋势,中部和南部呈上升趋势;青藏高原的北部边缘山脉雪深呈显著上升趋势,中部大多数地区呈下降趋势。喜马拉雅山脉的北坡雪深增加,南坡雪深减小,但其变化率绝对值小于0.5 cm·a^-1。东南部雪深较大的念青唐古拉山脉冬季雪深呈显著下降趋势。对9个典型区雪深的年内分析（2001~2010年平均值）结果显示：高山区雪深峰值远低于高纬度地区雪深峰值。除青藏高原外,高山区的积雪融化起始日期明显早于高纬度地区。     

Organisational computer supported collaborative learning: the affect of context

The purpose of this introduction is to provide a brief overview of the articles in this special issue and also a framework for understanding, designing and evaluating strategies for co-operative learning in the workplace and in educational environments. The special edition is divided into two parts—Issue 1: Computer Supported Collaborative Learning in Formal Education, and Issue 2: Computer Supported Team and Organisational Learning in Workplaces. In general, Issue 1 focuses on collaborative learning in primary and secondary schools and in the University setting. Issue 2 is meant to focus on learning in complex and often highly stressful work situations which mostly require intensive communication in groups or teams and in each case allow for learning in the wider organisation. This introduction outlines a set of themes that can be found in the following papers and traces briefly how each paper fits within each discussion.     

基于遥感与GIS的农村居民点景观特征比较

以河北省阜平县、武邑县 ,福建省清流县、惠安县作为研究区 ,利用 2 0 0 0年 TM遥感图像 ,通过解译、判读得到景观结构矢量图 ,然后利用景观生态学数量方法分析了研究区农村居民点景观特征的差异及空间分布格局。研究表明 ,研究区农村居民点规模较小 ,平原地区平均面积不到 2 0 hm2 ,山区农村居民点平均面积低于 10 hm2。农村居民点距离较近 ,山区农村居民点平均距离小于 2 .5 km,平原地区农村居民点距离小于 0 .4 hm。农村居民点规模小 ,分布零散 ,适应于农业经济的发展。为了节约居民点用地 ,应采取加快城镇及中心村发展的方针 ,促进农村居民点布局的优化     

基于Visual FoxPro环境AeCESS数据库操作的实现

在Visual FoxPro中使用ACCESS数据库,能够克服其自奄存在的数据库、数据表与索引文件分离、数据表安全性不高等不利因素,较好地发挥二者在数据库管理与编程方酗的优势。鉴于这方面的资料较少,系统地阐述Visual FoxPm环境下ACCESS数据库的操作方法,实现在Visual FoxPro中ACCESS数据库的建立、压缩与修复;数据表的建立、结构与记录的维护;Visual FoxPro数据库与ACCESS数据库的相互转换、Visual FaxPro中通用字段与ACCESS中OLE字段的数据转换等方法是很多用户的客观需求。用Visual FoxPro编程方式全面操纵ACCESS数据库具有重要的理论与应用价值。