碱蓬籽油萃取和精炼中试研究

碱蓬是生长在沿海滩涂上的耐海水植物,其籽中含有一定量的油脂.采购碱蓬籽1 500kg,在3m3的萃取罐中用5号溶剂(沸程30～60℃)进行中间试验.试验结果表明,未经分选的碱蓬籽原料中粗脂肪含量13.9%,毛油萃取率达93%;精炼所得的成品油中亚油酸含量达70%,α-亚麻酸6%左右,油酸11%.说明用低沸点溶剂萃取装置进行碱蓬籽油的萃取是可行的.     

盐地碱蓬籽油的甘三酯组成及理化特性分析

对盐地碱蓬籽的基本成分、盐地碱蓬籽油的部分理化特性进行了分析,并利用气相色谱仪测定了其脂肪酸组成。结果表明:盐地碱蓬籽油中的不饱和脂肪酸含量较高(约75%),主要为10.79%油酸、58.84%亚油酸和4.91%亚麻酸;采用胰脂酶水解方法对盐地碱蓬籽油的Sn-2位脂肪酸组成进行分析,并通过1,3-随机-2-随机分布学说计算得出盐地碱蓬籽油的甘三酯主要以LLL(20.36%)、LLP(15.22%)、LLO(10.22%)和POL(7.20%)的形式存在,用高效液相色谱测得盐地碱蓬籽油中维生素E含量为0.81 mg/g。     

香薷籽油脂肪酸组成分析

为开发利用香薷籽资源 ,对香薷籽油物理化学性质和脂肪酸组成进行了分析测定。结果表明 ,香薷籽含油率为 4 2 .38% ,香薷籽油脂肪酸组成中α -亚麻酸的含量为 5 8.0 6 % ,亚油酸为 2 0 .70 % ,油酸为 11.70 % ,棕榈酸为 6 .93% ,硬脂酸为 2 .6 0 %。香薷籽油不饱和脂肪酸含量高达 90 .4 6 % ,是不饱和脂肪酸含量极高的植物油之一。     

盐地碱蓬籽油的提取及特性分析

为了开发和利用盐地碱蓬籽油,用溶剂萃取法从盐地碱蓬籽中提取油脂,然后用GE/MS分析其中的脂肪酸组成及其相对含量,并对盐地碱蓬籽油的碘值、酸值、皂化值等理化指标进行测定,结果表明:盐地碱蓬籽含油量20.12%;盐地碱蓬籽油碘值(Ⅰ)176.4 g/100 g,酸值(KOH)1.84 mg/g,皂化值(KOH)194.6 mg/g;Ak碱蓬籽油检出7种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸占90.65%,其中亚油酸占68.74%,油酸占13.93%,亚麻酸占4.17%.分析结果表明,盐地碱蓬籽油是一种高品质的保健油脂.     

猕猴桃籽油的开发利用探讨

对猕猴桃籽油的理化特性及其脂肪酸组成和VE 含量进行了研究。研究表明 ,猕猴桃籽油主要含不饱和脂肪酸 ,其中油酸 12 89%、亚油酸 12 5 9%、亚麻酸 6 3 99% ,不饱和脂肪酸含量约 90 % ;猕猴桃籽油VE 含量为 0 81mg/ g。可见 ,猕猴桃籽油是一种极具开发潜力的营养保健油资源     

红麻籽油脂肪酸成分分析及其亚油酸富集工艺的研究

红麻籽油是一种典型的油酸-亚油酸型油脂,本文通过气相色谱法分析两个高亚油酸红麻品种籽油脂肪酸成分,结果表明,金光1号籽油含软脂酸17.31%、硬脂酸1.67%、油酸28.13%、亚油酸51.81%、亚麻酸1.09%:福红952籽油含软脂酸20.51%、硬脂酸2.86%、油酸28.72%、亚油酸47.20%、亚麻酸0.72%.另外,本研究以尿素包和法富集红麻亚油酸,通过L9(34)正交试验优化其富集工艺条件,结果表明,尿素包合法富集红麻籽油亚油酸的最佳工艺条件条件是:W脂肪酸:W尿素:V乙醇=1:2:8,在0℃条件下结晶12 h,富集后亚油酸含量提高到83.7%,收率达到56.4%,基本符合富集效果,为红麻食用保健油研发及其产业化奠定良好的工作基础.     

牛蒡籽油理化特性及脂肪酸组成的研究

:对牛蒡籽油的理化特性及其脂肪酸组成进行了研究。研究表明 ,牛蒡籽油主要含不饱和脂肪酸 ,其中棕榈酸 6 1% ,硬脂酸 1 77% ,油酸 18 83% ,亚油酸 6 8 0 2 % ,亚麻酸 6 82 % ,不饱和脂含量达 93%以上 ,其营养价值可与大豆油、核桃油相媲美     

牡丹种皮、种子及4种干果油脂的脂肪酸组成分析

目的明确牡丹种皮油的脂肪酸组成及相对含量,并与牡丹籽油和4种常见干果(核桃、巴旦木、杏仁、开心果)的脂肪酸组成进行比较,为牡丹种皮油的开发利用提供科学依据。方法采用索氏抽提法对4种干果中的脂肪进行提取,以硫酸-甲醇法对6种油脂样品甲酯化,采用GC-MS检测结合峰面积归一化法测定脂肪酸的组成及相对含量。结果牡丹种皮油与牡丹籽油中均含有棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸5种脂肪酸,其不饱和脂肪酸比例均超过90%,尤其是亚麻酸的含量分别高达51.1%和44.7%;而核桃中含有棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸4种脂肪酸,亚油酸是其主要成分;巴旦木、杏仁、开心果中主要含有棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸3种脂肪酸,以单不饱和脂肪酸油酸含量最高。结论牡丹种皮油中含有大量多不饱和脂肪酸,其中亚麻酸的含量尤其突出,较牡丹籽油含量更高,是一种优质的保健食用油。     

牡丹种皮、种子及几种干果油脂的脂肪酸组成分析

摘 要: 目的 明确牡丹种皮油的脂肪酸组成及相对含量,并与牡丹籽油和4种常见干果（核桃、巴旦木、杏仁、开心果）的脂肪酸组成进行比较,为牡丹种皮油的开发利用提供科学依据。方法 采用索氏抽提法对4种干果中的脂肪进行提取,以硫酸-甲醇法对6种油脂样品甲酯化,采用GC-MS检测结合峰面积归一化法测定脂肪酸的组成及相对含量。 结果 牡丹种皮油与牡丹籽油中均含有棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸5种脂肪酸,其不饱和脂肪酸比例均超过90%,尤其是亚麻酸的含量分别高达51.1%和44.7%;而核桃中含有棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸4种脂肪酸,亚油酸是其主要成分;而巴旦木、杏仁、开心果中主要含有棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸3种脂肪酸,以单不饱和脂肪酸油酸含量最高。 结论牡丹种皮油中含有大量多不饱和脂肪酸,其中亚麻酸的含量尤其突出,较牡丹籽油含量更高,是一种优质的保健食用油。     

苹果籽油脂肪酸及甘油三酯组成分析

采用GC分析溶剂浸提法所得苹果籽油脂肪酸组成,结果表明苹果籽油中主要含有6种脂肪酸,分别为棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、花生一烯酸和亚麻酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量近80%;胰脂酶水解甘油三酯表明苹果籽油sn–2位脂肪酸以油酸、亚油酸为主,含量占90%以上;RP–HPLC–ELSD分析了苹果籽油的甘油三酯组成,主要包括11种甘油三酯,其中LLL、OLL、OOL占70%以上,进一步验证了苹果籽油属于油酸―亚油酸型油脂。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定黑豆果籽脂肪酸含量

采用气相色谱-质谱法对黑豆果籽脂肪酸组成及含量进行研究,鉴定出其含棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、γ-亚麻酸、哥伦比酸、二十碳酸、二十碳一烯酸、二十碳二烯酸;主要组分油酸占14.8％,亚油酸占42.8％,α-亚麻酸占14.7％,γ-亚麻酸占13.8％,不饱和脂肪酸总量达90.4％,特别是γ-亚麻酸相对含量较高,黑豆果籽具有很高保健价值和良好开发前景。     

甘肃亚麻籽油与小品种油脂肪酸组成的比较分析

对甘肃产亚麻籽油与其它6种小品种食用油脂肪酸的组成成分进行测定,结果表明,亚麻籽油中α-亚麻酸含量最高(平均值为54.1%),其次是油酸(平均值为24.25%);紫苏油、牡丹籽油、松子油不饱和脂肪酸含量高,其中松子油的单不饱和脂肪酸含量最高,紫苏油的多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高,南瓜籽油二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)平均含量0.106%,御米油二十碳五烯酸(EPA)平均含量0.242%。硬脂酸、棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸和α-亚麻酸是构成甘肃地产亚麻籽油的特征脂肪酸。甘肃产亚麻籽油的ω-3系脂肪酸与ω-6系多不饱和脂肪酸的比是1.6∶0.4,仅次于紫苏油,是健康饮食的高品质油脂。     

Chemical Characterization of the Lipid Fraction of Mexican Chia Seed (Salvia hispanica L.)

The lipid fraction of Jalisco and Sinaloa chia seeds was analyzed for oil content, fatty acids, squalene and phytosterols. The mean oil content of seeds from these two regions was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) different, but with a similar composition of α-linolenic, linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids. Total phytosterols in the oil ranged from 7 to 17 g/kg. β-sitosterol accounted for up to 74% of the total unsaponified fraction. The seeds contained less than 0.5 g/kg of squalene. The oil is an attractive source of ω-3 linolenic acid and phytosterols but a poor source of squalene.     

Characterization of seed oils of wild, edible Finnish berries

A chemotaxonomic screening of the seed oil fatty acids of 22 common, edible berry species belonging to 13 genera (Vaccinium, Oxycoccus, Arctosta-phylos, Empetrum, Hippophaë, Chamaepericlymenum, Sambucus, Rosa, Fragaria, Rubus, Sorbus, Prunusand Ribes) that grow wild in northern Europe was carried out. The highest oil content in the seeds (≈30% d.w.) was measured in Vaccinium, Oxycoccusand Sambucus, and the lowest in Arctostaphylos, Empetrum, Rosaand Chamaepericlymenumspecies (<10% d.w.). The smaller the seed of a berry species within a genus, the higher was the oil content. The mass of 100 seeds varied from 10?mg (V. myrtillus) to 2950?mg (P. padus). Fatty acids of triacylglycerols were analysed as methyl esters by gas chromatography. Typically the most abundant fatty acids were linoleic, α-linolenic, oleic and palmitic acids. Exceptions were S. aucupariaand P. padus,which contained hardly any α-linolenic acid. Currants (Ribes nigrum, Ri. spicatumand Ri. alpinum) also contained γ-linolenic acid (11–16?mol%) and stearidonic acid (3–6?mol%). The content and composition of the seed oil of various berry species within the same genus, or within the same family, were similar, thus supporting the commonly accepted taxonomic classification.     

Effect of γ-irradiation on bioactivity, fatty acid compositions and volatile compounds of clary sage seed (Salvia sclarea L.)

Clary sage seeds (Salvia sclarea L.) were obtained from plants cultivated, and 2.5, 4.0, 5.5, and 7.0 kGy doses of γ-irradiation were applied to the clary sage seeds. They were then analyzed for their protein, ash, oil and dry matter contents, and fatty acid composition. Additionally, the total phenolic contents, antiradical, antioxidant activities, and volatile compounds of the clary sage seed extract were determined. There was no significant difference in protein content. However, the moisture, oil, and ash contents of the samples were affected by irradiation. While the 7 kGy dose had a positive effect on the total phenolic content and antiradical activity of the sage seed extract, all doses have negative effects on the antioxidant activity of the sage seed. The main fatty acid of the sage seed was remarkably found as α-linolenic acid. The four irradiation levels caused significant differences in fatty acid composition by affecting all fatty acids except palmitic, palmitoleic, and eicosenoic acids. The dominant volatile compounds of control sage seed were found as β-pinene (18.81%) and limonene (15.60%). Higher doses of the irradiation decreased volatile components of sage seed. Clary sage seed including high omega-3 can be irradiated with low doses (≤ 2.5 kGy) of γ-irradiation. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Clary sage is one of the most popular Salvia species in Turkey and many countries. Clary sage seed has approximately 29% oil content and this oil contains >50% of α-linolenic acid. γ-Irradiation is widely applied in the preservation of spice quality. The present study shows that the antioxidant activity of the clary sage seed is decreased by γ-irradiation. Additionally, higher doses of irradiation also decreased the volatile components of sage seed. Therefore, we suggest that clary sage seed which includes high levels of omega-3 should be irradiated with low doses (≤ 2.5 kGy) of γ-irradiation.     

枳棂籽油α-亚麻酸的富集纯化工艺研究

本文研究了枳棋籽油中α-亚麻酸的富集纯化及工艺。通过正交试验确定了最佳的皂化工艺条件：以乙醇为皂化介质,皂化比例为1：6．0,皂化温度为45℃,皂化时间为30min。采用尿素包合法对枳棋籽油中α-亚麻酸的富集纯化及工艺条件进行了研究,结果表明：以丙酮为尿包介质、尿包比例为1：4、尿包温度为0℃、尿包时间为10h,枳棋籽油中α-亚麻酸的纯度可提高到80．36％,收率在60％以上。     

枳椇籽油a-亚麻酸的富集纯化工艺研究

本文研究了枳椇籽油中α-亚麻酸的富集纯化及工艺.通过正交试验确定了最佳的皂化工艺条件:以乙醇为皂化介质,皂化比例为1∶6.0,皂化温度为45℃,皂化时间为30 min.采用尿素包合法对枳椇籽油中α-亚麻酸的富集纯化及工艺条件进行了研究,结果表明:以丙酮为尿包介质、尿包比例为1∶4、尿包温度为0℃、尿包时间为10h,枳椇...     

新疆野蔷薇种子油的脂肪酸组成分析

采用超声辅助提取法提取野蔷薇种子油,以气相色谱-质谱联用技术对油脂进行脂肪酸组成分析.结果表明:野蔷薇种子油中的主要脂肪酸为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸占总量的92.41%;主要成分棕榈酸占5.88%,油酸占12.39%,亚油酸占56.52%,亚麻酸占23.50% .     

牡丹籽油化学成分GC-MS分析

牡丹种籽经石油醚-乙酸乙酯(7:1)索氏提取,三氟化硼甲醇甲酯化后,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对牡丹籽油组分进行分析;共鉴定37种成分,主要为亚麻酸、油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸占总量83.42%,饱和脂肪酸占14.662%。