基于全站仪的高精度动态航向初始标校系统设计

提出了基于全站仪的两点测角测距一航向测量模型,设计并实现了基于该模型的高精度动态航向初始标校系统。根据航向测量模型,对观测误差进行了分析,分析了动态误差形成的原因,建立了误差模型,并设计了动态精度试验。试验结果表明．在动态条件下．系统达到了≤30”的测量精度,满足对包括高精度GPS姿态测量系统、平台罗经在内的高精度导航设备进行初始标校的精度要求。     

基于摄像机模型的平面动态测量方法

为了简化不适合人工测量场合(如超高目标、超细微粒等)的平面长度测量问题,提高其测量精度,减小由于人为检测带来的误差,提出了一种基于摄像机模型的在线非接触式动态测量长度的方法。介绍了动态检测系统的工作原理,详细说明了检测过程和方法,对实验结果和引起误差的几个原因进行了分析。该方法过程简单,对硬件要求不高,而试验结果表明测量精度比较高,效果好,在平面长度测量领域内有广泛的应用前景。     

瞬态表面温度传感器动态建模方法研究

测量瞬态高温时,由于传感器自身的热惯性,测量结果与真实结果之间存在很大的动态误差.动态补偿或动态误差修正对于改善测温系统动态特性,减小动态误差有重要意义,而建立温度传感器动态数学模型则是进行动态补偿或动态误差修正的前提.本文首先设计了瞬态表面温度传感器动态校准系统;然后,利用系统所测得输入输出数据,采用系统辨识方法建立了测温系统的动态数学模型;最后,利用交叉检验法验证该模型的正确性.经检验该方法可以达到理想的辨识效果,从而为系统反滤波动态误差修正奠定了基础.     

提高NGIMU性能的加速度计动态补偿器的研究

无陀螺惯性测量技术是利用加速度计代替传统的陀螺,构成无陀螺惯性测量组合(NGIMU)实现制导的.首先,基于NGIMU九加速度计配置方案,根据加速度计的动态特性,推导了模型的动态导航方程,然后通过对加速度计进行动态补偿达到提高系统导航精度的目的,最后进行了系统三个方向角度运算的仿真验证.仿真结果表明,当加速度计输入信号的动态特性越强,NGIMU的导航误差越大,在动态补偿后系统的导航精度得到了有效提高.     

惯性测量系统误差模型的机载验证仿真平台实现研究

惯性仪表误差直接影响导航精度,很多情况下,为了能够取得更好的惯性测量系统误差标定结果,需要在机载动态的情况下实时地在线标定惯性器件的误差;基于此目的,利用PC机和两组RS-232串口通道作为基本的平台硬件,在Visual C++开发环境下开发了半物理仿真应用程序;仿真平台具备了基本的可视化操作界面、惯性测量系统仿真功能、数据传输功能以及标定解算功能;并且对安装方式的误差进行了标定仿真实验,并取得了较好的可实现性,为空中在线标定惯性系统误差提供了比较可靠的仿真实验平台。     

姿态航向测量与误差补偿方法研究

设计了一种基于MEMS陀螺仪、加速度计、磁传感器的小型姿态航向参考系统;以四元数和角速率偏差为状态矢量,磁场强度和加速度计信息为量测矢量,构建基于Kalman的四元数姿态航向解算方法;通过调整测量噪声方差矩阵,解决动态过程中由于运动加速度造成的姿态角误差;采用陀螺仪误差建模和磁航向罗差补偿技术,进一步提高了系统测量精度。根据飞行数据分析,姿态航向参考系统具有较高测量精度和较好的稳定性、动态性,姿态角均方根误差小于1.5°,航向角均方根误差小于3°。     

光栅数显装置的非线性补偿方法研究

以提高光栅测量系统的精度为目的,提出一种基于光栅数显装置的非线性补偿方法。采用实时误差分离技术来对光栅测量误差进行修正的,通过采样点建立误差修正的数学模型,根据数学模型实现对任意测量值的误差修正。实验结果表明,该方法可有效解决由光栅本身的制造误差、光电转换部分误差及外界环境的振动、温度变化等因素带来影响光栅测量系统精度的问题,从而可大幅度地提高光栅测量系统的精度,而且这种补偿方法不但算法简单方便且经济成本较低,完全能够满足大部分光栅测量系统对于测量精度的要求。     

时栅位移传感器的误差分离与补偿方法研究

为进一步提高时栅角位移测量系统的测量精度,降低生产成本和生产时间,根据时栅传感器的误差组成和误差特性,提出了一种新的误差补偿方法;同时建立了基于傅里叶函数的误差分离模型。该补偿方法将沿空间正弦分布的非线性误差转化成线性误差,并运用最小二乘法理论对系统的误差进行补偿。通过试验与测试证明,采用该方法进行误差补偿可以大幅度提高时栅角位移测量系统的测量精度。     

基于轴角转换器的感应同步器测角系统误差分析与补偿

设计了基于轴角转换器AD2S80的一种高精度感应同步器动态测角系统。分析了测角误差产生原因，提出了误差高速和补偿措施。大幅度提高了测角精度。     

基于QPSO算法的传感器动态补偿方法及FPGA实现

为了解决在测试系统中由于传感器动态特性引起测试数据失真的问题,提出了一种基于量子粒子群优化算法(Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization,QPSO)的传感器动态补偿方法;该方法依据传感器校准时的输入和输出数据运用QPSO算法得到最优补偿器模型及参数;为了将获得的最优动态补偿器运用于实时在线测量,将分布式算法引入到动态补偿器的硬件结构设计中,完成了传感器动态补偿器的高速并行FPGA实现。实验表明高速并行动态补偿器不但能够修正传感器的动态误差,而且其高速并行结构极大减少了对FPGA资源的占用率并有效的提高了系统等效吞吐率。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.