Multi-Purpose Forensics of Image Manipulations Using Residual- Based Feature

The multi-purpose forensics is an important tool for forge image detection. In this paper, we propose a universal feature set for the multi-purpose forensics which is capable of simultaneously identifying several typical image manipulations, including spatial low-pass Gaussian blurring, median filtering, re-sampling, and JPEG compression. To eliminate the influences caused by diverse image contents on the effectiveness and robustness of the feature, a residual group which contains several highpass filtered residuals is introduced. The partial correlation coefficient is exploited from the residual group to purely measure neighborhood correlations in a linear way. Besides that, we also combine autoregressive coefficient and transition probability to form the proposed composite feature which is used to measure how manipulations change the neighborhood relationships in both linear and non-linear way. After a series of dimension reductions, the proposed feature set can accelerate the training and testing for the multipurpose forensics. The proposed feature set is then fed into a multi-classifier to train a multi-purpose detector. Experimental results show that the proposed detector can identify several typical image manipulations, and is superior to the complicated deep CNN-based methods in terms of detection accuracy and time efficiency for JPEG compressed image with low resolution.     

Optical detection in microscopic domains. 1. Monitoring chemical manipulations with absorption microspectrometry

In this research, we test whether optical detection techniques, such as absorption microspectrometry, fluorescence detection, and inner filter effects, show different characteristics in microscopic domains (nano-, pico- and femtoliter range) with respect to usual solution volumes. In this part 1, characterization of absorption microspectrometry is facilitated by the use of a novel microscopic tool, the diffusional microburet (DMB), suitable for fine chemical manipulations of microscopic liquid samples. Since diffusional delivery of substances will not induce appreciable changes in volume and shape of the sample, a DMB makes it possible to obtain spectral recordings and a reference spectrum from the same microscopic droplet. Thus, good quantitative spectra of microscopic domains can be assessed. With this approach, despite the curvature of the sample boundaries, the large surface-to-volume ratios, and microscopic optical path lengths, both Beer-Lambert's law and the law of superposition were found to be directly applicable in microscopic domains without any corrections for absorption at sample boundaries. Use of a combination of microspectrometry and chemical manipulations by DMBs made it possible for the first time to record in real time, in truly microscopic domains, spectral evolution upon addition or subtraction of chemicals, as well as monitor the progress of chemical reactions. This approach is expected to contribute to the optical exploration of microchemistry and microanalysis.     

AutoCAD明细表自动导入Excel的实现方法

AutoCAD是一种应用极为普遍的CAD软件，但根据存在于不同dwg文件中的明细表还无法形成产品BOM表。笔者利用ActiveX Automation技术实现AutoCAD与Excel软件的通讯。并利用VBA开发工具实现将AutoCAD的明细表自动导入到Excel中，以利用其强大的表格处理功能进行有关的表格操作并形成产品BOM表。论文介绍了ActiveX Automation技术，AutoCAD和Excel的对象层次模型，主要对象的属性及方法，以及明细表自动导入的实现方法和关键代码。     

Single‐Carbon‐Nanotube Manipulations and Devices Based on Macroscale Anthracene Flakes

Because of the outstanding mechanical and electrical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a CNT‐based torsion pendulum is demonstrated to show great potential in nano‐electromechanical systems. It is also expected to achieve various manipulations for further characterization and increase device sensitivity using ultrlong CNTs and macroscale moving parts. However, the reported top‐down method limits the CNT performance and device size by introducing inevitable contamination and destruction, which greatly hinders the development of single‐molecule devices. Here, a bottom‐up method is introduced to fabricate heterostructures of anthracene flakes (AFs) and suspended CNTs, providing a nondamaging CNT mechanical measurement before further applications, especially for the twisting behavior, and providing a controllable and clean transfer method to fabricate CNT‐based electrical devices under ambient conditions. Based on the unique geometry of CNT/AF heterostructures, various complex manipulations of single‐CNT devices are conducted to investigate CNT mechanical properties and prompt novel applications of similar structures in nanotechnology. The AF‐decorated CNTs show high Young's modulus (≈1 TPa) and tensile strength (≈100 GPa), and can be considered as the finest and strongest torsional springs. CNT‐based torsion balance enables to measure fN‐level forces and the torsional spring constant is two orders of magnitude lower than previously reported values.     

Fast acquisition system for digital holograms and image processing for three-dimensional display with data manipulation

A three-dimensional (3D) digital holographic display system with image processing is presented. By use of phase-shifting digital holography, we obtain the complex amplitude of a 3D object at a recording plane. Image processing techniques are introduced to improve the quality of the reconstructed 3D object or manipulate 3D objects for elimination and addition of information by modifying the complex amplitude. The results show that the information processing is effective in such manipulations of 3D objects. We also show a fast recording system of 3D objects based on phase-shifting digital holography for display with image processing. The acquisition of 3D object information at 500 Hz is demonstrated experimentally.     

非对称矩阵结构系统固有值分析的广义逆迭代法

本文提出一种求解非对称矩阵结构的固有值的数值方法-通过广义的逆迭代过程把一个大型非对称的二次特征值问题简化为小型的标准特征值问题.算法不涉及复数运算,也不需把n阶的二次问题变换为2n阶的线性问题.迭代是在原n阶规模上进行,从而保持了系统各矩阵稀疏、带状的特点.节省了存储量和计算机时.数值实验表明本方法具有良好的稳定性和精度.     

Recursive algorithm for phase retrieval in the fractional fourier transform domain

We first discuss the discrete fractional Fourier transform and present some essential properties. We then propose a recursive algorithm to implement phase retrieval from two intensities in the fractional Fourier transform domain. This approach can significantly simplify computational manipulations and does not need an initial phase estimate compared with conventional iterative algorithms. Simulation results show that this approach can successfully recover the phase from two intensities.     

Carbon nanotubes promote growth and spontaneous electrical activity in cultured cardiac myocytes

Nanoscale manipulations of the extracellular microenvironment are increasingly attracting attention in tissue engineering. Here, combining microscopy, biological, and single-cell electrophysiological methodologies, we demonstrate that neonatal rat ventricular myocytes cultured on substrates of multiwall carbon nanotubes interact with carbon nanotubes by forming tight contacts and show increased viability and proliferation. Furthermore, we observed changes in the electrophysiological properties of cardiomyocytes, suggesting that carbon nanotubes are able to promote cardiomyocyte maturation.     

国家标准《针灸技术操作规范》之 耳针、三棱针、毫针基本刺法临床适用性调查分析

课题组针对中华人民共和国国家标准《针灸技术操作规范》之耳针、三棱针和毫针基本刺法的临床适用情况进行了调研,结果显示,这三种针灸技术操作规范适用性良好,同时印证了针灸技术操作规范临床适用性评价指标体系及层次分析法的可行性.     

Manipulation of gold nanorods with dual-optical tweezers for surface plasmon resonance control

Gold nanorods are too tiny to be manipulated using conventional mechanical methods. In this paper, we demonstrate the trapping, transferring, positioning and patterning of gold nanorods with dual-optical tweezers. The convenient manipulations are achieved by taking advantage of the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance of gold nanorods and the anisotropic optical trapping forces formed by two linearly polarized Gaussian beams. The trapped gold nanoparticles are positioned extremely firmly and quickly on a substrate compared with randomly dispersed ones. It is observed that gold nanorods show advantages over gold nanospheres with regard to positioning speed and stability. More importantly, versatile plasmon coupling effects have been achieved in some patterned nanorods.     

基于数字全息和离散余弦变换的数字水印技术

提出了一种基于数字菲涅耳全息和离散余弦变换的数字水印技术.利用全息技术得到原始水印图像的菲涅耳全息图,之后将其嵌入宿主图像离散余弦变换域的中频系数,将水印添加位置和光学系统的几何结构参数作为恢复水印信息的密钥,并且算法属"盲数字水印技术",从而该算法具有较好的安全性和实用性.对算法的测试结果也表明,该算法对噪声,滤波、剪切,旋转、有损压缩等常见的图像处理操作具有较高的稳健性.因此,该算法具有一定的实用价值.     

面向协同设计的VRML模型装配特征信息重建方法

VRML模型具有适用于网络化协同设计的许多优点,但在应用时,其离散的三角面片构型造成了大量设计信息的缺失,限制了协同设计操作的实现。由于机械设计中回转体约占70%,其特征参数（如回转中心,回转半径等）在设计过程中有重要意义。为此提出了基于向量空间的回转体特征参数提取方法,对装配特征信息进行重建,为基于VRML模型的协同浏览、尺寸信息查询、模型装配定位等操作提供重要参数。对算法复杂度进行了分析。实验表明在高精度要求下算法具有很高的效率。     

Influence of handling effects on the permeability of preforms

Handling manipulations during the process chain of dry fibre preforms starting with the production of semi‐finished products, throughout the transport and storage until the build‐up, lead to mechanical stress on the textile structure. The knowledge of the relation between the stress in preforms caused by handling processes and their effect on the quality of the subsequent composite product could be of great importance for the development of automated solutions. The reduction of permissible requirements in the handling of textiles would lead to significantly simpler and thus more cost‐effective automation solutions. Using effects of defects methodology, impacts on preforms due to handling processes and the resulting permeability will be investigated. The analysis of the preforming process chain shows various visible effects as a result of handling and storage loads on textiles. One representative effect is a spherical shaped buckling within handled textile layers. Therefore the buckling will be used as a representative imperfection in this analysis. To create measurable imperfections textile samples will be impacted with a defined and reproducible load. Followed by the measurement of permeability during vacuum infusion of imperfect textile samples the relation between handling effects and the quality of preforms will be shown. In der Prozesskette zur Herstellung von Vorformen werden textile Halbzeuge durch zahlreiche Handhabungsprozesse belastet. Von zentraler Bedeutung ist hierbei die mechanische Beanspruchung der textilen Halbzeuge bei deren Handhabung und Lagerung während des Prozesses zur Herstellung der Vorform.     

Patterned graphone--a novel template for molecular packing

Precise positioning and packing of nanoscale building blocks is essential for the fabrication of many nanoelectro-mechanical devices. Carrying out such manipulations at the nanoscale still remains a challenge. Here we propose the use of graphone domain arrays embedded in a graphene sheet as a template to precisely position and pack molecules. Our atomistic simulations show that a graphone domain is able to adopt well-defined three-dimensional geometries, which in turn create 'energy wells' to trap molecules by means of physisorption. Using the C60 molecule as a model block, the stable trapping conditions are identified. The present work presents a novel route to position and pack molecules for nanoengineering applications.     

中医推拿机械臂机构设计及运动仿真

 针对中医推拿按摩的特点及常用推拿手法之滚、振、摩、按、揉的运动学和动力学特征的分析,提出一种实用串联机械臂用以配合并联机构的末端执行器实现常见推拿手法的设计方案.串联机械臂提供按摩的位置和姿态,并联机构作为推拿末端执行器实现推拿手法.该设计方案结合了串并联机构的优点,保证机构有足够的刚度、精度和工作空间完成推拿动作.建立了机械臂的运动学模型,利用D H变换求解其运动学的正解和逆解.利用Pro/E建立机械臂的三维模型,导入ADAMS就其位移、速度、加速度等运动学特征进行模拟和分析,仿真结果表明机械臂的设计符合推拿的要求,验证了机械臂设计的正确性.利用该实用型串联机械臂配合并联末端执行机构可获得较好的推拿效果,为中医推拿机器人的实用化提供了理论依据.     

Magnetic Shape Memory Polymers with Integrated Multifunctional Shape Manipulation

Shape-programmable soft materials that exhibit integrated multifunctional shape manipulations, including reprogrammable, untethered, fast, and reversible shape transformation and locking, are highly desirable for a plethora of applications, including soft robotics, morphing structures, and biomedical devices. Despite recent progress, it remains challenging to achieve multiple shape manipulations in one material system. Here, a novel magnetic shape memory polymer composite is reported to achieve this. The composite consists of two types of magnetic particles in an amorphous shape memory polymer matrix. The matrix softens via magnetic inductive heating of low-coercivity particles, and high-remanence particles with reprogrammable magnetization profiles drive the rapid and reversible shape change under actuation magnetic fields. Once cooled, the actuated shape can be locked. Additionally, varying the particle loadings for heating enables sequential actuation. The integrated multifunctional shape manipulations are further exploited for applications including soft magnetic grippers with large grabbing force, reconfigurable antennas, and sequential logic for computing.     

Non-carboxylate based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and related aspects

The metal-organic frameworks, in recent years, show a variety of new developments that includes new methods of preparation, post synthesis modifications and novel class of compounds. Though most of the developments happened in the carboxylate based family of compounds, the other related systems are also equally interesting. In this article, we have highlighted some of the developments that have taken place in the family of non-carboxylate metal-organic frameworks. We have also highlighted some of the recent attempts at modifying the surfaces and pores of the MOFs by careful chemical manipulations.     

Numerical analysis and experimental estimation of a low-leakage injection technique for capillary electrophoresis

This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation into the use of low-leakage injection techniques to deliver sample plugs within electrophoresis microchips. The study addresses the principal material transport mechanisms such as electrokinetic migration, fluid flow, and diffusion and gives detail analyses to the double-L injection technique, which employs electrokinetic manipulations to avoid sample leakage within the microchip. Electrical potential contour, velocity vector, and streamline distribution in the micro CE chip are successfully developed. Experimental and numerical testing results show the double-L injection technique is capable of reducing sample leakage within cross-form microfluidic chips. The current study confirms the double-L injection technique has an exciting potential for use in high-quality, high-throughput chemical analysis applications and in many other applications throughout the field of micro total analysis systems.     

Causal belief and the origins of technology

The primary function of the brain is to control movement. Human interactions with the environment, unlike those of other primates, are based on a belief in cause and effect, and this led to technology. Experiments requiring simple manipulations of the environment show that chimpanzees do not have concepts of causes or forces. Children, by contrast, have causal beliefs as a developmental primitive, and these can be demonstrated even in infants. It is proposed that the evolution of causal thinking was essential for the development of tool use, as it is not possible to make a complex tool without understanding cause and effect. This was a great evolutionary adaptive advantage. The evolution of language may have been linked to the same process. It has been technology that resulted from causal beliefs, not social interaction, that has driven human evolution.     

Use of the mini C-arm for wrist fractures--establishing a diagnostic reference level

The establishment of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) forall typical radiological examinations became mandatory followingthe implementation of the Ionising Radiations (Medical Exposure)Regulations Act 2000. At present, there are no national dosageguidelines in the UK regarding use of fluoroscopy in orthopaedictrauma. The increasing popularity of the mini C-arm image intensifieramongst surgeons has led to concerns regarding use of ionizingradiation by personnel who have not been trained in radiationprotection. It is therefore essential to have formal protocolsfor use of the mini C-arm to comply with the law and to maintainsafe clinical practice. It is attempted to provide dose datafor wrist fracture manipulations that may be used as a basisfor setting a DRL for this procedure. Screening times were recordedfor 80 wrist manipulations in a fracture clinic setting usinga mini C-arm image intensifier. A DRL was set using the thirdquartile value for screening time. The median screening timefor wrist fractures was 20 s with a range from 1 to 177 s. Thethird quartile value for screening time was 34 s. This valuecan be used as a provisional DRL for wrist fracture manipulations.The DRL is a quantitative guide for the optimisation of radiologicalprotection. IR(ME)R 2000 states that if it is consistently exceededby an individual operator or a piece of equipment, investigationand remedial action must be taken. We recommend that traumaunits establish their own local DRLs for common procedures asmade mandatory by legislation.