三轴磁罗盘的设计与误差校正

介绍了三轴磁罗盘的工作原理,设计了一种利用磁阻传感器和加速度计测定航向角、俯仰角、侧滚角的测量系统.分析了影响磁罗盘测量精度的误差来源,并在此基础上提出了相应的校正方法.实验结果表明,利用这些算法,可使磁罗盘的航向角误差由±9°降到±0.6°,有效地降低了由于制造和安装等引起的误差.这种校正算法不仪适用于磁罗盘,也适用于其它三轴传感器系统.     

电子罗盘水平状态下航向角误差补偿算法的研究

针对电子罗盘测量时存在传感器的零位、灵敏度误差和干扰磁场引起的航向角误差问题,应用一种航向角误差补偿算法进行校正;在分析了电子罗盘航向角测量的工作原理、航向角误差形成原因的基础上,详细阐述了该补偿算法的实现原理,并通过LbVIEW软件仿真验证;同时设计了两种测量方案和测试系统,利用HMC1043芯片的电子罗盘进行多次实测验证并得出结论;实验结果表明:补偿后电子罗盘测量的航向角误差在4.5°以内;该补偿算法补偿效果良好,实现简单。     

三维磁阻式电子罗盘的设计与实现

所设计的三维磁阻式电子罗盘的硬件方面是由三维磁阻传感器HMC5883l(深圳市凡高科技有限公司)、三维加速度传感器ADXL345B(深圳市创联发科技有限公司)以及微处理器MCU LPC1114FBD48(NXP公司)所组成,来测定系统的航向角、俯仰角和翻滚角。软件方面,通过对误差来源的分析,提出了椭圆拟合误差校正方法,来消除影响罗盘测量精度的误差,实现了高精度、运行稳定的三维电子罗盘。     

基于MEMS器件的电子罗盘系统设计

研究了一种基于MEMS加速度传感器、三轴磁阻传感器和MSP430F169单片机的数字电子罗盘测量系统。介绍了航向的测量原理、航向角表达式以及系统的整体框架,重点阐述了系统的硬件电路设计和误差补偿方法,使罗盘系统精度最大误差从41.5°提高到了1.5°左右。     

微型磁阻式电子罗盘的设计及罗差补偿方法的研究

阐述了磁阻式电子罗盘的工作原理及航向测量方法,并介绍了以霍尼韦尔公司的三轴磁阻传感器HMC1043、美国飞思卡尔半导体公司的三轴加速度计MMA7260及C8051F121单片机为核心设计的三轴磁阻式电子罗盘硬件电路;同时对电子罗盘误差形成原因进行分析,采用基于椭圆拟合的两种不同误差补偿方法对罗差进行补偿;详细分析了每种算法的工作原理,根据现场试验数据对实验结果进行分析验证并得出结论;实验结果表明,补偿后的三轴磁阻式电子罗盘的航向角、俯仰角及滚转角的误差在1°以内,基本达到预期目标,误差补偿效果较好.     

三轴磁阻电子罗盘的设计和误差补偿

设计了一款具有倾斜补偿功能的三轴磁阻电子罗盘,并对样机系统做了误差补偿。本系统以磁阻传感器HMC1043和MEMS加速度传感器ADXL203为信号采集模块,以MSP430F149单片机为信号处理模块,分别获取、处理磁场和重力加速度信息,并通过液晶显示模块LCM6432ZK显示载体的航向角和姿态角。结合经典的椭圆假设法和傅里叶级数模型,对系统的误差进行补偿。实验结果表明,设计的磁阻电子罗盘实现了集成化和智能化,能实时显示载体的航向角和姿态角,航向误差可稳定在±0.6°以内。     

基于磁阻传感器和加速度计的电子罗盘设计

介绍了三轴磁阻传感器MMC3120MQ的技术特点,并利用此传感器、三轴加速度传感器ADXL335和微控制器MSP430F2618设计了一种具有倾斜补偿功能的手持式电子罗盘。详细分析了磁阻传感器的误差模型,并给出了基于最小二乘椭球拟合的误差补偿算法。在无磁测试转台上进行了测试,试验结果验证了该电子罗盘能够达到较高的精度,水平放置时航向角绝对误差最大值为1.2°左右,可广泛应用于民用导航领域。     

三轴电子罗盘的设计与误差校正

介绍了三轴电子罗盘的测量原理.利用各向异性磁阻传感器和加速度传感器研制了带倾斜补偿功能的三轴电子罗盘,并论述了电子罗盘的硬件设计和软件流程.针对电子罗盘传感器的误差特点,采用十二位置标定法实现了罗盘的校正.在罗盘处于不同倾斜的情况下进行圆周测试,经误差校正和倾角补偿后的轨迹是大体重合的圆,有效降低了罗盘误差.在某些具备翻滚条件的应用场合,该校正方法还可有效补偿电子罗盘的罗差.     

基于系统芯片(SoC)的低成本电子罗盘的设计

航向与姿态是物体运动轨迹的重要参数,其测量方法一直是导航领域的研究重点.以系统芯片为核心,设计了基于磁阻传感器与MEMS加速度计的全芯片化电子罗盘,并实现了全部信号的无缝直连,最大化地减少了外围器件的使用,其设计使结构简单,降低了成本、体积和功耗,增强了抗干扰的能力.本设计给出了航向角与姿态角的实现算法,分析了电子罗盘的误差,提出了元件级和系统级的误差补偿方法,并提出了一种7项罗差校正公式.经试验证明,系统性能稳定,性价比高,其微型的体积,适合于低速的便携导航应用.     

三维磁阻式电子罗盘的研制

利用三轴磁阻传感器和两轴倾角传感器研制三维磁阻式电子罗盘.三轴磁阻传感器HMC1043测量地磁场的3个分量,倾角传感器SCA100T测量罗盘的翻滚角和俯仰角,2只传感器的信号经过电路处理后传入单片机中,再通过RS-232接口输入到计算机进行计算处理,计算机终端采用VC编制的界面来显示罗盘的方位角和翻滚、俯仰角.系统采用了低功耗的置位/复位电路来保证磁阻传感器的灵敏度.最终电子罗盘的方位角精度达到0.5°,方位角分辨率达到0.1°.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。