基于滑模扰动观测器的磁轴承主动振动控制

由于磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺转子的不平衡振动会造成控制力矩陀螺系统的同频扰动,影响卫星姿态控制精度与卫星载荷精度,本文提出了基于滑模变结构扰动观测器的磁轴承主动振动控制方法.首先,对不平衡扰动力和力矩作用下的磁轴承-转子系统进行建模;接着,设计了滑模变结构扰动观测器观测不平衡扰动力和力矩;然后,利用跟踪微分器估计位移传感器输出信号的微分获取速度信号,降低观测器的阶数;最后,将滑模扰动观测器的输出引入磁轴承控制器,对观测得到的同频不平衡扰动力和力矩进行补偿.仿真和试验结果均表明,设计的滑模变结构观测器实现了对不平衡扰动的观测,通过控制器有效地实现了对不平衡扰动的补偿,减少了72％的同频振动.     

基于扰动观测器的反推控制在磁轴承中的应用

针对磁轴承转子系统在运行时因转子质量不平衡导致的同频扰动问题,提出了将反推控制算法和扰动观测器相结合形成一个复合控制器的控制策略.对磁轴承转子系统中的同频信号进行观测,并在输入信号中对同频扰动信号进行抑制.建立了转子动力学模型,设计了反推控制器和扰动观测器,通过MATLAB仿真,结果表明:该复合控制器比反推控制器对扰动...     

基于交叉解耦的滑模控制在磁轴承中的应用

针对电磁轴承转子在运行中存在的不平衡扰动和陀螺耦合问题,提出了将传统的交叉反馈控制与滑模变结构控制相结合的方案,建立了主动磁轴承径向4自由度数学模型,应用基于分散控制策略的交叉反馈控制方法对系统进行解耦并针对解耦后的整体系统设计了滑模控制器,应用Lyapunov稳定性理论选取切换函数的参数矩阵,对存在不平衡干扰的转子系统进行仿真。结果表明,该控制系统对期望值的跟踪特性良好,对水平轴的径向不平衡扰动的鲁棒性较强。     

基于干扰观测器的磁悬浮转子扰动抑制方法

针对磁轴承高精度的要求,提出了基于干扰观测器的磁轴承抑制扰动的控制方法,建立了磁轴承的广义被控对象模型,分析并设计了多变量的干扰观测器和分散控制系统,对其进行的仿真分析表明,设计的系统具有良好的稳定性与扰动抑制性能.最后试验验证了干扰观测器作用时转子位移比未加入干扰观测器时降低了63.8%,该控制系统能够大幅度提高转子受扰动时的精度,增强了抑制外界扰动的能力.     

基于滑模和扩张状态观测器的双绕组无轴承磁通 切换电机转子悬浮控制策略研究

双绕组无轴承磁通切换电机是非线性多变量的复杂对象,传统的转速PI与径向位移PI控制存在超调大,系统易受外界扰动影响等缺点。基于滑模变结构控制思想,提出一种转子径向位移滑模控制策略。针对滑模控制中存在建模不准确,以及转子动力学模型中存在陀螺效应等问题,通过建立一种扩张状态观测器对系统扰动进行观测,并在滑模控制基础上加入扰动前馈补偿,设计出一种径向位移滑模控制与扩张状态观测器的复合控制策略。实验结果表明,所提径向位移滑模控制相比传统PI控制具有响应速度快、径向位移脉动小、抗负载扰动性强等优点。所提径向位移滑模与扩张状态观测器的复合控制策略,相比于径向位移滑模控制可有效减小转子径向位移脉动约30%,进一步增强了系统的鲁棒性。     

离散模糊自适应滑模控制在磁轴承中的应用

针对主动磁轴承-转子系统在运行中存在的不平衡扰动和非线性干扰问题,结合主动磁轴承-转子系统工程化的需要,提出了一种离散模糊自适应滑模控制的方案,建立了4自由度径向主动磁轴承数学模型,设计了离散非线性跟踪微分器,对磁轴承-转子系统进行仿真。结果表明,该系统的不平衡扰动和非线性干扰得到了抑制,实现了系统的高精度鲁棒控制。     

主被动磁悬浮转子的不平衡振动自适应控制

针对主被动磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺转子高速旋转时产生的不平衡振动,提出了基于滑模观测器和陷波器的主被动磁悬浮转子不平衡振动自适应控制方法。该方法采用滑模观测器使同频振动的控制不受磁轴承的刚度参数摄动和磁力耦合的影响,将滑模观测器与陷波器结合,无需区分电流刚度力和位移刚度力,无需设计算法补偿功率放大器的影响,可自适应消除不平衡振动。对该方法进行了仿真和实验验证。仿真结果显示该方法可使同频轴承力大幅减小;实验结果显示,虽然主被动磁悬浮转子的被动轴承不可控,同频振动仍由0.053g减小为0.012g,减小了77%。得到的结果表明,该方法不仅适用于主被动磁悬浮转子,也适用于全主动磁悬浮转子。     

主被动磁悬浮高速转子系统的自动平衡控制

针对主被动磁悬浮转子高速旋转时质量不平衡和被动磁轴承磁中心的偏移导致的同频振动力问题,提出了一种基于位移陷波加前馈补偿的自动平衡控制方法。首先,在转子为零位移控制状态下提取控制电流的同频成分,计算获得与被动磁轴承磁中心偏移相关的参变量;然后,在额定转速下设计通用陷波器以消除同频电流,前馈补偿主动磁轴承、被动磁轴承位移负刚度力和被动磁轴承磁中心偏移力,使主被动磁轴承的同频输出力为零,实现了转子绕惯性中心旋转。对提出的方法进行了仿真和实验验证并与仅补偿质量不平衡的算法进行了对比。仿真结果显示:提出的方法的同频磁轴承力减小到了只进行质量不平衡补偿算法的6%;实验结果显示:同频振动加速度减小到只进行质量不平衡补偿算法的23.3%。仿真和实验验证了该方法的有效性,表明该方法对同频振动抑制效果显著,实现了转子的自动平衡控制。     

一种用于主动磁轴承不平衡补偿的切换控制法

为了改善主动磁轴承转子在质量不平衡影响下的动力学性能,本文提出了一种基于I&I控制法和自适应陷波滤波器不平衡补偿切换控制方法。首先,本文考虑了转子的质量不平衡,建立了三极磁轴承转子系统的动力学模型。然后,本文分别设计了适用于该系统的I&I参数更新律、控制律及自适应陷波滤波器,并设计了合适的切换点,实现了对磁轴承不平衡转子的切换控制。仿真结果表明,该控制方法结合了I&I控制法的高精度和自适应陷波滤波器的低铜损优势,能够在保证转子振幅不超出安全范围的同时获得较低的能量损耗。     

高速磁悬浮电动机对拖试验中转子不平衡量在线辨识与振动控制

针对高速磁悬浮电动机对拖试验中两台电动机转子轴不对中导致的转子不平衡振动加剧问题,提出一种基于简化广义陷波器的转子不平衡量在线辨识与振动控制方法,通过把联轴器之间的扰动力看作同频扰动,对电动机转子轴建立数学模型,采用简化广义陷波器对转子不平衡同频分量进行辨识作为位移补偿信号,使转子轴绕其惯性轴旋转,并使用广义根轨迹分析加入陷波补偿后磁轴承控制系统的稳定性和算法收敛性。电动机对拖试验结果表明:该方法有效地抑制了电动机转子轴的不平衡振动,保证了磁悬浮转子在对拖试验中高速稳定运行,在转子额定转速36 000 r/min时,转子位移跳动降低80%,控制电流峰峰值降低65%,同频振动减小为原来的28.7%,磁轴承系统的功耗也略有降低。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.