阴离子分散松香胶中性施胶的研究

介绍了采用实验室制备的一种特殊的阴离子分散松香胶NL01进行中碱性条件下施胶实验的有关情况,结果表明;pH值6．0－8．5的范围内,采用NL01能获得良好的施胶效果,并且相对传统强化松香胶而言,其消耗硫酸铝的量降低了约80％。NL01中性胶对碱性填料碳酸钙的相容性良好,在用量达到15％时,仍有相当不错的施胶度,而且突破了传统的“阴离子分散松香胶－硫酸铝体系不可用于中性施胶”的观念。     

富马松香强化胶的制备及使用

文章介绍富马松香强化胶的配制和使用方法。产品经造纸厂使用表明：富马松香强化胶与天然松香胶相比，可节约松香２０％￣２５％，硫酸铝３０％￣４０％，降低施胶费５￣２０元／ｔ纸，具有显著的经济效益。     

国内分散松香胶现状及发展

1、松香系施胶剂和分散松香胶 施胶度是纸张重要物理指标之一,要达到一定施胶度一般通过浆内施胶和表面施胶两种方法来实现,而松香作为浆内施胶剂一直占有重要位置。松香系施胶剂发展大致经历了以下几个阶段:一是原始褐色松香胶(将普通松香几乎全部皂化,含有极少量游离松香)。二是白色松香皂胶(将松香大部分皂化、部分游离,利用已皂化部分作表面活性剂乳化未皂化松香,游离松香含量一般为20％—30％)。三是强化改性松香皂胶(将松香部分和马来酸酐或富马酸进行加成,增加松香中羧基     

逆转喷射乳化法制备石蜡分散松香胶

研究了逆转喷射乳化法制备石蜡分散松香胶的新方法，乳化剂可选用甲磺酸钠类阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂进行复配，乳化剂用量为６％￣８％；水温为６０￣７０℃；油温为１２５￣１３５℃；抄纸时松香胶的用量为绝干浆的０．８％￣１．０％；ｐＨ值为４．５￣５．５；明矾用量为石蜡松香胶的４￣７倍；施胶度为１．０￣１．２。     

松香施胶体系下无水、半水石膏晶须用于瓦楞纸加填对比研究

研究对比了松香胶-硫酸铝施胶体系下，半水、无水两种石膏晶须用于瓦楞纸加填时对纸张施胶和强度性能的影响，发现以阴离子分散松香胶对加填石膏晶须瓦楞纸进行施胶时，采用先加硫酸铝后加松香胶的逆向施胶工艺，比采用先加松香胶后加硫酸铝的正向施胶工艺施胶效果更好；瓦楞纸生产中加填石膏晶须基本不会影响阴离子分散松香胶的应用效果，对于无水石膏晶须加填纸张，阴离子分散松香胶的最佳用量在3%左右，而对于加填半水石膏晶须纸张施胶剂最佳用量为2%,且相比半水石膏晶须加填纸张在最佳施胶剂用量下有更好的抗水性能；在较低阴离子分散松香胶用量时，施胶剂添加对加填石膏晶须纸张强度影响较小，甚至对半水石膏晶须加填纸张而言，其抗张及耐破强度还有一定改善，但之后随着松香胶用量的进一步增加，加填两种石膏晶须纸张的强度性能呈明显下降趋势。     

分散松香胶技术

一、概述分散松香胶是一种新型造纸施胶剂,用来代替传统松香皂胶进行施胶,一般可降低松香用量40％～60％,硫酸铝20％～70％,增白剂50％,使抄造可以在较高pH值下进行提高成纸强度、白度、施胶度等理化指标。     

分散松香胶技术

一、概述分散松香胶是一种新型造纸施胶剂,用来代替传统松香皂胶进行施胶,一般可降低松香用量40～60％,硫酸铝20～70％,增白剂50％,使抄造可以在较高pH值下进行提高成纸强度、白度、施胶度等理化指标。     

乳状分散松香胶的发展及应用前景

1概述在造纸过程中的施胶是指对浆料、纸张、或纸板进行处理,使其获得抗水、抗墨水、抗油、抗印刷油墨等流体的渗透性能。施胶的方法分两大类,即浆内施胶和表面施胶,而浆内施胶剂品种有松香施胶和合成施胶剂,当今世界应用最广泛的是传统的松香施胶剂。松香施胶剂的应用经历了三个阶段,最早采用天然松香和烧碱或纯碱混合,加热皂化,称为第一代普通松香皂胶;50年代早期美国、日本等国用不饱和酸或酐与天然松香反应然后进行皂化而成,称为第二代强化松香胶;70～80年代开始利用各种乳化剂、分散剂使松香分散于水中,称为第三代松香胶即…     

琥珀酸酯磺酸盐在高浓度分散松香胶制备中的应用

采用脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO)和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(Tx)系列琥珀酸酯磺酸盐作乳化剂，制备高浓度分散松香胶。测定了乳化剂的乳化性能，筛选了乳化剂的用量和配比。结果表明：环氧乙烷加成数为9-15的AEO和环氧乙烷加成数为12-15的Tx系列琥珀酸酯磺酸盐乳化性能优良，且Tx系列泡沫量较少，原料成本较低，可作为分散松香胶的优良乳化剂；当乳化剂质量分数为松香混合物的8％—10％时，可制得固形物质量分数50％左右，稳定期大于6个月，符合施胶要求的高浓度分散松香胶。     

纸和纸板松香胶施胶工艺的现状

近十年来,纸料施胶主要使用松香分散体。抄纸时,松香分散体呈粒状凝结在纤维上,且这些粒子要比使用松香皂时大4～9倍,这样在pH值为4.5和松香胶消耗量相同的条件下,施胶的效果便高50%。为使松香沉附在纤维上,必须加明矾。在松香皂     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。