铝镁合金板材MIG焊接接头组织与性能研究

通过拉伸、弯曲、硬度试验,金相及透射电子显微分析等方法,对铝镁合金板材熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG)焊接接头的力学性能和显微组织进行了研究.结果表明:采用铝镁锆合金焊丝焊接铝镁合金板材时,焊接效果良好,且焊接接头具有较好的力学生能,焊接强度系数达85％;显微硬度值在84～104之间,其中焊缝中心硬度最低.通过添加微量Zr细化焊缝晶粒及其Al3Zr粒子的析出,能显著改善焊接接头的力学性能和抗热裂性.     

船用5A01铝合金焊接接头组织与性能研究

通过拉伸、硬度测试、扫描以及电子背散射衍射分析(EBSD)等方法对5A01铝合金熔化极氩弧焊(MIG)焊接接头的力学性能与显微组织进行了研究。结果表明,采用5B01焊丝焊接5A01铝合金时,焊接接头具有较好的抗拉性能,焊接强度系数约为85%。焊接接头硬度值在84～104HV之间,其中焊缝中心硬度最低。焊缝区主要由α(Al)基体和Al6(Mn,Fe)、Al3Zr两种不同相组成,焊接高温使得Mg出现挥发损失,相比焊丝焊缝中心的Mg含量下降了1.66%。焊缝中心大部分晶粒的取向主要集中在[001]方向,具有明显的择优取向,且小角晶界比例要高于热影响区和熔合区。     

6005A铝合金CMT焊接接头微观组织和疲劳裂纹萌生

使用冷金属过渡(CMT)焊接技术对6005A铝合金进行焊接,获得成形良好的焊接接头.应用光学显微镜、显微硬度仪、扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析仪研究接头的微观组织、硬度和疲劳性能.结果表明:接头焊缝区以小尺寸的等轴晶和胞状树枝晶为主;熔合区存在明显的熔合线;近熔合线附近的热影响区中晶粒发生明显的粗化.接头显微硬度显示,热影响区中软化区是整个焊接接头的最薄弱区域.维氏硬度(HV)最低,为55,焊缝区为70.疲劳试样表面分析发现焊缝中存在长条状的第二相粒子,经能谱分析为AlSiFe相,在循环载荷的作用下,该相内部萌生了微裂纹,但并未扩展,说明该相对接头的疲劳性能影响不大.     

16MnR钢特厚板焊接接头组织性能的实验研究

采用直流正接埋弧自动焊法,对60 mm厚16MnR钢特厚板实施焊接,焊接电流为450 A,焊接速度为140mm/min.观察和分析了焊接接头金相组织,测量了焊接接头表面的显微硬度.结果表明,在本文的焊接实验条件下,焊缝外观平整、组织均匀,在焊缝的热影响区显微硬度达到最大,硬度最低的区域为母材,焊缝质量可以满足使用要求.     

高氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢薄板TIG焊接头组织形貌及性能

用合金焊丝对自制的高氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢薄板进行了TIG对焊焊接,并对部分试样进行了焊后固溶处理。采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对接头及固溶处理接头的组织形貌和相组成进行观察分析,并作显微硬度和抗拉强度检测。结果表明,接头中没有明显的热影响区,且焊缝及熔合区不会出现氮孔,接头组织主要为奥氏体。固溶处理后焊接接头显微硬度值达HV390,抗拉强度达930 MPa。     

TA2钛合金熔丝钨极氩弧焊接头的组织性能

采用熔丝钨极氩弧焊方法应用于钛合金焊接领域,对优化工艺参数下的焊接接头进行显微组织分析和力学性能试验。结果表明,熔丝钨极氩弧焊方法可实现5mm厚TA2板材单面焊双面成形,焊接接头内部无焊接缺陷,焊缝区显微组织由粗大的锯齿状晶粒组成使焊缝中心位置冲击功降低,拉伸试验断裂位置为热影响区,其断口为韧性断裂,焊缝中心维氏硬度高于母材,接头具有较好的塑性和韧性。     

基于高炉焊接制造的BB503钢板焊接工艺研究

根据高炉炉壳生产实际,分别使用气电立焊和埋弧自动横焊两种焊接工艺对50 mm厚的BB503型炉壳用钢板进行焊接,对焊缝进行外观检查、无损探伤,对焊接接头进行拉伸、侧弯、冲击、硬度等性能测试,并对焊接热影响区的显微组织进行了观察和分析。结果表明,BB503炉壳用钢的气电立焊和埋弧自动横焊焊接接头抗拉强度和冲击吸收功均大于母材,具有优良的综合力学性能;焊缝区及热影响区的显微维氏硬度分布和热影响区的组织均匀性均显著优于传统的CO2气体保护焊和手工电弧焊接头。气电立焊和埋弧自动横焊工艺可以替代CO2气体保护焊和手工电弧焊工艺用于高炉炉壳焊接制造。     

6005A-T6/6082-T6铝合金FSW与MIG接头组织与性能研究

采用光学显微镜、拉伸试验机、显微硬度计和疲劳试验机对FSW及MIG焊接接头的微观组织及力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:FSW焊核区为细小的等轴晶,热机械影响区呈现为被拉长的畸变晶粒,热影响区的组织明显粗化;MIG接头焊缝区晶粒为明显的铸态组织,热影响区晶粒长大情况也比FSW严重。与MIG相比,搅拌摩擦焊焊接(FSW)接头的抗拉强度相对较高,最小硬度值出现在后进侧的热影响区;高周疲劳(Nf107)时,FSW的接头疲劳强度高于MIG接头疲劳强度,高出约14%。     

高速列车车体用高强铝合金激光焊接接头研究

对高速列车车体用新型A6N01铝合金进行激光焊接.利用光学显微镜(OM)与显微硬度计对激光焊接接头的显微组织与显微硬度进行观察和测试.结果表明:A6N01铝合金激光焊接接头的熔宽b和熔深h都会随焊接功率P的增大而增大,选择合适的焊接功率能得到成形较好的焊缝.A6N01母材为原始轧制状态组织.A6N01铝合金焊接接头焊缝中心区域为呈等轴晶状的铸态组织,焊缝边缘的熔合区形成了柱状晶组织;焊缝区的显微硬度低于母材和HAZ,焊缝中心显微硬度(HV)最低,约为112,距离焊缝中心0.8 mm区域,焊接接头的显微硬度随距离焊缝中心的增大而快速上升.距离焊缝中心0.8~1.2 mm热影响区的显微硬度比焊缝有显著提高.距离焊缝约1.4 mm时,显微硬度又有所下降,表明距离焊缝中心1.4 mm左右存在软区.     

15CrMoR钢材的焊接接头组织及其硬度分析

分别采用焊条R307和焊条A302在母材15CrMoR容器用钢上进行焊接试验。对焊缝金属和热影响区金属的显微组织进行了分析，并对焊接接头金属的硬度进行了测试。研究结果表明：15CrMoR钢采用焊条R307焊接，经焊后热处理的焊接接头的组织为铁素体、珠光体和碳化物，焊缝金属的硬度与母材的硬度相近。采用焊条A302焊接时，其焊缝组织为奥氏体和树枝状的δ铁素体，并存在枝晶偏析，在热影响区形成了贝氏体组织，是导致热影响区金属的硬度比焊缝区金属的硬度高得多的原因。     

AZ31B变形镁合金板材的TIG焊接

采用TIG焊对5 mm厚AZ31B挤压镁合金板材进行了焊接试验。采用万能拉伸试验机、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和显微硬度仪等分析测试手段对焊接接头的组织、力学性能以及断口形貌等进行了分析。探讨了焊接电流对焊接接头的组织及力学性能的影响,揭示了不同焊接电流下焊接接头的断裂机制。结果表明,采用TIG焊焊接5 mm厚AZ31B镁合金板时,开X型坡口,采用双面焊接双面成型工艺,在130~145 A焊接电流及合适焊接速度条件下,能得到表面成型良好的焊接接头。当正反面焊接电流均为145 A时,AZ31B镁合金板焊接接头的抗拉强度达到最大值248.6 MPa,约为母材强度的84.0%。AZ31B镁合金板焊缝区显微硬度比母材区稍有所下降,热影响区显微硬度下降比较严重。当焊接电流为145 A时,AZ31B镁合金板焊接拉伸断口有大量韧窝,属韧性断裂。     

薄板铝合金的CMT焊接工艺

为了解决利用传统焊接方法焊接铝合金时容易造成生产效率低、焊接变形大以及夹钨、裂纹、气孔等缺陷,对6082-T6铝合金进行了冷金属过渡焊,并确定了最佳焊接工艺参数.利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析仪和X射线衍射仪对铝合金的焊缝成型、显微组织与相组成进行了分析.利用维氏显微硬度计和万能拉伸试验机测量了焊接接头的硬度和拉伸力学性能.结果表明,在最佳焊接工艺参数下6082-T6铝合金焊缝成型良好,其焊缝组织主要由α-Al固溶体组成.焊接接头的拉伸断裂位置处于热影响区,其最高拉伸强度约为母材的61%,拉伸断口形貌为塑性断口.     

Microstructure and properties of Al-Mg-(Sc, Zr) welded joint

Mechanical properties and microstructure of Al-Mg-(Sc, Zr) welded joint prepared by manual labor melt inert gas(MIG) welding method using Al-Mg and Al-Mg-Sc weld wire as filling materials were studied comparatively. The results show that the apparent recrystallization does not happen in heat-affected zone. It proves that Al-Mg(Sc,Zr) alloy has a high capability of resistance to welding heat-soften. Using Al-Mg-Sc welding wire as filling material can obviously refine the grains of weld seam and improve its strength. The layer of small equal-axe grains in fusion area improves the joint strength between welded metal and base metal. The coefficients of welded joints when Al-Mg-Sc and Al-Mg welding wire are used as filling material are greater than 0. 90, respectively. The yield strength of welded joints with Al-Mg welding wire is only 187 MPa, one is as high as 287 MPa with A1-Mg-Sc welding wire, thus the working strength of the welded unit is greatly improved.     

Effect of Post Weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Fracture Toughness of Friction Welded Joint

The effect of post weld heat treatment on the microstructure and fracture toughness of friction welded joints of Ti-6.5Al-1Mo-1V-2Zr alloy was studied. The experimental results show that equiaxial grains were formed at the center of the weld metal while highly deformed grains were observed in the thermomechanically affected zone. The fracture toughness of the weld metal was lower than that of the thermomechanically affected zone under as-weld and post weld heat treatment conditions. With increasing temperature of post weld heat treatment, the fracture toughness of weld center and thermomechanically affected zone increased. The fractographic observation revealed that the friction welded joints fractured in a ductile mode.     

Microstructure and property of the Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo/TC11 joint welded by electron beam welding

The Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo alloy,in the as-forged and heat-treated states,was joined to the as-forged TC11 titanium alloy by electron beam welding with the heat inputs of 135 and 150 kJ/m.Then the microstructure and property of the Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo/TC11 welding interface were investigated.The results show that the phase constitution of the weld is not related to the heat input,and is mainly composed of α' phase.Moreover,the intermetallic phases of Ti2AlNb,MoNb,Nb3Al,and TiAl3 are formed in the weld zone.There...     

焊接材料对7075铝合金焊接性及焊缝组织的影响

为了改善7075铝合金的焊接性并提高焊接接头的力学性能,采用ER4043和ER5356焊丝对7075铝合金进行了焊接.利用万能拉伸试验机和小型维氏硬度计对焊接接头的力学性能进行了检测,利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪观察并分析了焊接接头的显微组织.结果表明,由ER5356焊丝焊接得到的焊接接头的力学性能高于采用ER4043焊丝的性能.与ER4043焊丝焊缝相比,ER5356焊丝焊缝的晶粒组织较为细小,析出相分布也更加均匀.ER5356焊丝中的Mg元素有利于提高焊接接头的强度,而ER4043焊丝中的Si元素有利于提高7075铝合金的焊接性.     

Microstructure and properties of Al-Mg-(Sc, Zr) welded joint

Mechanical properties and microstructure of Al-Mg-(Sc, Zr) welded joint prepared by manual labor melt inert gas(MIG) welding method using Al-Mg and Al-Mg-Sc weld wire as filling materials were studied comparatively. The results show that the apparent recrystallization does not happen in heat-affected zone. It proves that Al-Mg(Sc,Zr) alloy has a high capability of resistance to weldiing heat-soften. Using Al-Mg-Sc welding wire as filling material can obviously refine the grains of weld seam and improve its strength. The layer of small equal-axe grains in fusion area improves the joint strength between welded metal and base metal. The coefficients of welded joints when Al-Mg-Sc and Al-Mg weldiong wire are used as filling material are greater than 0.90, respectively. The yield strength of welded joints with Al-Mg welding wire is only 187 MPa, one is as 287 MPa with Al-Mg-Sc welding wire, thus the working strength of the welded unit is greatly improved. Foundation item: Project (2003AA305020) supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China; project supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China     

Effect of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded SSM7075 Aluminium Alloy

7XXX series aluminium alloys generally present low weldability by fusion welding methods because of the sensitivity to weld solidification cracking, vaporization of strengthening alloys and other defects in the fusion zone. Friction stir welding(FSW) can be deployed successfully with aluminium alloys. We presented the effect of post-weld heat treatment(PWHT) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SSM7075 joints. Semi solid plates were butt-welded by FSW at a rotation speed of 1110 r/min, welding speeds of 70 and 110 mm/min. Solution treatment, artificial aging, and T6(solution treatment and artificial aging combined) were applied to the welded joints, each with three samples. It was found that the T6 joints at the speed of 70 mm/min yielded the highest tensile strength of 459.23 MPa. This condition best enhanced the mechanical properties of FSW SSM7075 aluminium alloy joints.     

6005铝合金搭接接头组织及疲劳性能研究

采用熔化极惰性气体保护（MIG）焊对6005铝合金进行搭接焊接试验. 对焊接接头进行微观组织观察和显微硬度测试,结果显示,熔合区出现联生结晶特点,焊缝中心以等轴晶为主,热影响区（HAZ）晶粒发生严重粗化,焊缝区的维氏硬度（HV）为64.5,母材区为89.6,接头出现明显软化区. 在疲劳性能测试中焊接接头疲劳强度只有母材的21.41%,焊接接头疲劳断口呈韧性断裂和解理断裂的混合性断裂. 分析疲劳裂纹扩展机理得出,在裂纹尖端钝化和加载应力循环下,裂纹沿45°方向呈“Z”字型扩展.