Motor Imagery Electroencephalograph Classification Based on Optimized Support Vector Machine by Magnetic Bacteria Optimization Algorithm

In this paper, an optimized support vector machine (SVM) based on a new bio-inspired method called magnetic bacteria optimization algorithm method is proposed to construct a high performance classifier for motor imagery electroencephalograph based brain–computer interface (BCI). Butterworth band-pass filter and artifact removal technique are combined to extract the feature of frequency band of the ERD/ERS. Common spatial pattern is used to extract the feature vector which are put into the classifier later. The optimization mechanism involves kernel parameters setting in the SVM training procedure, which significantly influences the classification accuracy. Our novel approach aims to optimize the penalty factor parameter C and kernel parameter g of the SVM. The experimental results on the BCI Competition IV dataset II-a clearly present the effectiveness of the proposed method outperforming other competing methods in the literature such as genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm, artificial bee colony, biogeography based optimization.     

ECG arrhythmia classification based on optimum-path forest

An important tool for the heart disease diagnosis is the analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, since the non-invasive nature and simplicity of the ECG exam. According to the application, ECG data analysis consists of steps such as preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification aiming to detect cardiac arrhythmias (i.e., cardiac rhythm abnormalities). Aiming to made a fast and accurate cardiac arrhythmia signal classification process, we apply and analyze a recent and robust supervised graph-based pattern recognition technique, the optimum-path forest (OPF) classifier. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that OPF classifier is used to the ECG heartbeat signal classification task. We then compare the performance (in terms of training and testing time, accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity) of the OPF classifier to the ones of other three well-known expert system classifiers, i.e., support vector machine (SVM), Bayesian and multilayer artificial neural network (MLP), using features extracted from six main approaches considered in literature for ECG arrhythmia analysis. In our experiments, we use the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database and the evaluation protocol recommended by The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. A discussion on the obtained results shows that OPF classifier presents a robust performance, i.e., there is no need for parameter setup, as well as a high accuracy at an extremely low computational cost. Moreover, in average, the OPF classifier yielded greater performance than the MLP and SVM classifiers in terms of classification time and accuracy, and to produce quite similar performance to the Bayesian classifier, showing to be a promising technique for ECG signal analysis.     

Classification of electrocardiogram signals with support vector machines and extreme learning machine

An Electrocardiogram or ECG is an electrical recording of the heart and is used in the investigation of heart disease. This ECG can be classified as normal and abnormal signals. The classification of the ECG signals is presently performed with the support vector machine. The generalization performance of the SVM classifier is not sufficient for the correct classification of ECG signals. To overcome this problem, the ELM classifier is used which works by searching for the best value of the parameters that tune its discriminant function and upstream by looking for the best subset of features that feed the classifier. The experiments were conducted on the ECG data from the Physionet arrhythmia database to classify five kinds of abnormal waveforms and normal beats. In this paper, a thorough experimental study was done to show the superiority of the generalization capability of the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) that is presented and compared with support vector machine (SVM) approach in the automatic classification of ECG beats. In particular, the sensitivity of the ELM classifier is tested and that is compared with SVM combined with two classifiers, and they are the k-nearest Neighbor Classifier and the radial basis function neural network classifier, with respect to the curse of dimensionality and the number of available training beats. The obtained results clearly confirm the superiority of the ELM approach as compared with traditional classifiers.     

基于QPSO训练的SVM核函数集成学习研究

针对训练子集随机性强、规模大、算法时空复杂度高等问题,提出了基于量子微粒群的支持向量机（QPSO-SVM）核函数集成学习算法。该方法首先采用K-Means算法对训练样本进行聚类分析,然后根据其聚类分布选择少量具有代表性的样本,并通过基于量子行为的粒子群算法来训练单个支持向量机（SVM）,最后通过贝叶斯投票方法得到集成的SVM分类学习器。实验表明该方法在非线性高复杂度的数据分类中对分类精度有较大提高。     

Parameter optimisation of support vector machine using mutant particle swarm optimisation for diagnosis of metal-oxide surge arrester conditions

This paper proposes an enhanced support vector machine (SVM), whose parameters are optimised by a novel mutant particle swarm optimisation (mutant PSO) algorithm to identify metal-oxide surge arrester conditions. The total leakage current and its resistive component under different arrester conditions are obtained and then are inputted into a multilayer SVM for the purpose of fault identification. Then, a mutant PSO-based technique is investigated to increase the classification accuracy as well as the training speed of the SVM classifier. The proposed technique has been tested on an actual data set obtained from Taipower Company to monitor five arrester operating conditions, including normal (N), pre-fault (A), tracking (T), abnormal (U) and degradation (D). Furthermore, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed mutant PSO, the obtained results are compared to those obtained by using cross-validation method, genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimisation.     

基于音乐情感识别的舞台灯光控制方法研究

为了实现音乐情感识别的舞台灯光自动控制,需对音乐文件进行情感标记。针对人工情感标记效率低、速度慢的问题,开展了基于音乐情感识别的舞台灯光控制方法研究,提出了一种基于支持向量机和粒子群优化的音乐情感特征提取、分类和识别算法。首先以231首MIDI音乐文件为例,对平均音高、平均音强、旋律的方向等7种音乐基本特征进行提取并进行标准化处理;之后组成音乐情感特征向量输入支持向量机（SVM）多分类器,并利用改进的粒子群算法（PSO）优化分类器参数,建立标准音乐分类模型;最后设计灯光动作模型,将新的音乐文件通过离散情感模型与灯光动作相匹配,生成舞台灯光控制方法。实验结果表明了情感识别模型的有效性,与传统SVM多分类模型相比,明显提高了音乐情感的识别率,减少了测试时间,从而为舞台灯光设计人员提供合理参考。     

Automatic detection of erythemato-squamous diseases using PSO–SVM based on association rules

In this paper, we develop a diagnosis model based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), support vector machines (SVMs) and association rules (ARs) to diagnose erythemato-squamous diseases. The proposed model consists of two stages: first, AR is used to select the optimal feature subset from the original feature set; then a PSO based approach for parameter determination of SVM is developed to find the best parameters of kernel function (based on the fact that kernel parameter setting in the SVM training procedure significantly influences the classification accuracy, and PSO is a promising tool for global searching). Experimental results show that the proposed AR_PSO–SVM model achieves 98.91% classification accuracy using 24 features of the erythemato-squamous diseases dataset taken from UCI (University of California at Irvine) machine learning database. Therefore, we can conclude that our proposed method is very promising compared to the previously reported results.     

Multi-fault classification based on support vector machine trained by chaos particle swarm optimization

A novel method of training support vector machine (SVM) by using chaos particle swarm optimization (CPSO) is proposed. A multi-fault classification model based on the SVM trained by CPSO is established and applied to the fault diagnosis of rotating machines. The results show that the method of training SVM using CPSO is feasible, the proposed fault classification model outperforms the neural network trained by chaos particle swarm optimization and least squares support vector machine, the precision and reliability of the fault classification results can meet the requirement of practical application.     

改进粒子群算法优化支持向量机在故障诊断中的应用研究

支持向量机(SVM)作为当前新型的机器学习方式,凭借解决小样本问题、高维问题和局部极值问题等方面的优越性,在当前故障诊断方面有突出的表现;文章根据对支持向量机的研究,发现其在分类模型参数选择上存在困难,为此,提出利用改进粒子群算法优化的办法,解决粒子群前期收敛速度过快导致后期容易优化不均的现象;通过粒子群算法优化与支持向量机分类模型结合,以轴承故障检测和诊断为例,分析次方法的优越性和提高支持向量机在故障诊断过程中的精准度;通过实际检测得出,这种算法优化的方法改进的支持向量机对于聚类性较差的故障分类具有很好的诊断功能。     

基于Fisher 准则和最大熵原理的SVM核参数选择方法

针对支持向量机(SVM)核参数选择困难的问题,提出一种基于Fisher准则和最大熵原理的SVM核参数优选方法.首先,从SVM分类器原理出发,提出SVM核参数优劣的衡量标准;然后,根据此标准利用Fisher准则来优选SVM核参数,并引入最大熵原理进一步调整算法的优选性能.整个模型采用粒子群优化算法(PSO)进行参数寻优.UCI标准数据集实验表明了所提方法具有良好的参数选择效果,优选出的核参数能够使SVM具有较高的泛化性能.     

便携心电传感器的心房肥大诊断研究

基于便携式传感器的模式识别在心电(ECG)监护领域具有广泛的应用前景,并且在心律不齐、心肌梗塞、心室肥大等心电的识别算法上都已有大量的研究与应用,但在心房肥大诊断上却未有模式识别相关的研究成果。心房肥大病症的心电数据量不足给研究造成重大障碍,部分分类器无法适应小样本训练下的分类。针对小样本训练进行研究,对比了不同分类方法,显示了基于统计模式识别的支持向量机(SVM)应用于心房肥大的应用潜力。另外,由于不同个体的心房肥大心电存在差异,在实际应用环境中,SVM存在无法良好泛化的问题,存在类别错分的医学风险。针对类别错分情况,采用分类器融合的方法改进分类器,提出了在SVM分类器输出端增加了拒绝域的分类器(SVM-R)的方法。实验结果表明:SVMR有较高的分类准确率与诊断可信度。     

云计算环境下编程过程病毒检测方法仿真

互联网技术的飞速发展,传统的病毒防护系统已经无法快速、及时处理日益增多的网络安全威胁。为了解决传统方法存在的弊端,提出基于云计算环境下的编程病毒检测方法。根据OpenFlow交换机的流表项,分析云计算环境下编程过程病毒的特性,提取病毒特征。建立支持向量机(SVM)分类器,利用粒子群算法优化SVM参数,获取最优参数,将病毒特征输入到最优分类器,由最优SVM检测编程病毒。实验结果证明,所提方法能够快速、及时为用户提供病毒检测服务,保证平台的安全运行。     

Optimization techniques for improving power quality data mining using wavelet packet based support vector machine

This paper aims at automatic classification of power quality events using Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) and Support Vector Machines (SVM). The features of the disturbance signals are extracted using WPT and given to the SVM for effective classification. Recent literature dealing with power quality establishes that support vector machine methods generally outperform traditional statistical and neural methods in classification problems involving power disturbance signals. However, the two vital issues namely the determination of the most appropriate feature subset and the model selection, if suitably addressed, could pave way for further improvement of their performances in terms of classification accuracy and computation time. This paper addresses these issues through a classification system using two optimization techniques, the genetic algorithms and simulated annealing. This system detects the best discriminative features and estimates the best SVM kernel parameters in a fully automatic way. Effectiveness of the proposed detection method is shown in comparison with the conventional parameter optimization methods discussed in literature like grid search method, neural classifiers like Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN), fuzzy k-nearest neighbor classifier (FkNN) and hence proved that the proposed method is reliable as it produces consistently better results.     

Associated evolution of a support vector machine-based classifier for pedestrian detection

Support vector machine (SVM) has become a dominant classification technique used in pedestrian detection systems. In such systems, classifiers are used to detect pedestrians in some input frames. The performance of a SVM classifier is mainly influenced by two factors: the selected features and the parameters of the kernel function. These two factors are highly related and therefore, it is desirable that the two factors can be analyzed simultaneously, which are usually not the case in the previous work.In this paper, we propose an evolutionary method to simultaneously optimize the feature set and the parameters for the SVM classifier. Specifically, adaptive genetic operators were designed to be suitable for the feature selection and parameter tuning. The proposed method is used to train a SVM classifier for pedestrian detection. Experiments in real city traffic scenes show that the proposed approach leads to higher detection accuracy and shorter detection time.     

基于支持向量机的雷达信号特征的辨识研究

雷达信号处理是现代雷达系统的核心内容之一,其直接影响着雷达系统的适用范围和工作性能等。而对雷达信号的有效识别是对未知雷达信号进行预判的重要组成部分。基于支持向量机(SVM)对四种不同的雷达信号智能辨识,选取径向基核函数(RBF)作为支持向量的非线性映射函数,经过理论推导得出惩罚因子c和核函数参数g是影响其分类性能的重要因素。利用粒子群(PSO)优化SVM的两个重要参数。结果表明,在没有进行参数优化的SVM的分类性能极其不稳定,识别准确率在79.6992%~90.2256%之间,而经过PSO优化的SVM分类准确率高达100%,有效证明了优化方法的有效性,实现了基于PSO优化的SVM雷达信号的准确识别。     

改进GA-PSO优化SVM的行人检测算法

针对当前对于行人检测的准确率和检测效率的要求越来越高,提出一种GA-PSO算法对于支持向量机（SVM）参数优化的行人检测方法。首先,针对梯度直方图特征描述子的维数高、提取速度慢,使用PCA对其进行降维处理;以SVM算法作为分类器,为避免传统单核支持向量机算法检测率低的情况出现,以组合核函数作为分类器核函数,并设置松弛变量,引进惩罚因子,结合遗传算法（GA）和改进权重系数的粒子群算法（PSO）进行组合系数和参数的优化与选择,根据优化后的参数构成最终的SVM分类器进行行人检测。实验结果表明,与传统SVM检测以及其他优化方法相比,检测率方面都有明显改进,且满足对检测效率的要求。     

PSO-SVM及其在减速机齿轮诊断中的应用

针对支持向量机(SVM)参数一般是人为选取,无法准确取到最佳值的问题,提出了一种基于粒子群算法(PSO)对参数进行优化的支持向量机(PSO-SVM).以减速机齿轮的3类故障类型(正常、磕碰、磨损)数据作为研究资料,组成训练样本集,训练PSO-SVM分类模型,从训练集中抽取部分数据组成测试样本集,对模型进行检验测试.研究表明:PSO-SVM模型分类正确率达到了93.8%,相较未进行参数优化的SVM,算法能更好地找到全局最优解,提高了模型的分类正确率.     

改进人工鱼群算法在SVM参数优化中的应用

支持向量机的参数优化一直是一个重要的研究方向。参数的好坏很大程度上决定了支持向量机的分类精度和泛化能力。针对人工鱼群算法优化支持向量机参数时,容易在后期徘徊于最优解附近、难以逼近的问题,提出了人工鱼群加速算法,使用速度参数代替人工鱼步长,从而求得最优目标并得到SVM的最优参数组合。仿真实验结果表明：该算法收敛速度快,求解数值精度高,对初值的依赖程度低,在SVM参数优化中具有更好的性能、更高的分类准确率,是一个极其有效的参数优化方法。     

五种SVM参数寻优识别运动想象脑电比较研究

支持向量机(SVM)在脑电(EEG)分类中效果较好,其参数寻优方法直接关系着分类的准确率和所需时间.为了探索参数寻优对分类效果的影响,本文采用了固定参数寻优、直接寻优、网格寻优、遗传算法(GA)寻优和粒子群优化算法(PSO)寻优五种参数寻优方法,以BCI Competition Ⅳ data 2b数据集进行实验测试,对带通滤波后的数据进行瞬时能量特征的提取,利用五种寻优的参数分类器,得到了9名被试者4～7s时间内数据的分类准确率和分类所需时间.在用网格寻优和粒子群寻优的分类下,被试S4和被试S8的准确率分别高达96.875％和88.125％,用时最短为3.059 s.直接寻优和固定参数方法的准确率虽低,但分类用时仅为0.002 s和1.305 s,实时性上,更加适合于应用到在线系统中.     

Electrocardiogram beat classification using empirical mode decomposition and multiclass directed acyclic graph support vector machine

In this paper, a classifier motivated from statistical learning theory, i.e., support vector machine, with a new approach based on multiclass directed acyclic graph has been proposed for classification of four types of electrocardiogram signals. The motivation for selecting Directed Acyclic Graph Support Vector Machine (DAGSVM) is to have more accurate classifier with less computational cost. Empirical mode decomposition and subsequently singular value decomposition have been used for computing the feature vector matrix. Further, fivefold cross-validation and particle swarm optimization have been used for optimal selection of SVM model parameters to improve the performance of DAGSVM. A comparison has been made between proposed algorithm and other two classifiers, i.e., K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The DAGSVM has yielded an average accuracy of 98.96% against 95.83% and 96.66% for the KNN and the ANN, respectively. The results obtained clearly confirm the superiority of the DAGSVM approach over other classifiers.