GNP-Ni/Cu复合材料的界面调控和强化机理

采用粉末冶金法,通过“湿法混合”、放电等离子烧结和热挤压相结合的三步工艺分别制备了石墨烯纳米片(GNP)增强铜基复合材料(GNP-Cu)和GNP-Ni增强铜基复合材料(GNP-Ni/Cu)。通过物相组成和显微组织表征,并结合致密度、电导率和力学性能测试,结果表明：GNP和Ni的含量(质量分数)分别为0.2%和1.5%的GNP-Ni/Cu复合材料,其显微硬度和屈服强度比纯Cu分别提高了38%和50%、比0.2GNP/Cu复合材料分别提高了14.0%和11.6%。这些结果表明,Ni的添加改善了GNP与Cu的界面结合,使GNP-Ni/Cu复合材料的力学性能显著提高。GNP的载荷传递强化和热失配强化以及Ni的固溶强化,是材料力学性能提高的主要原因。     

石墨烯增强铝基纳米复合材料的研究

采用球磨和粉末冶金方法成功制备出石墨烯增强铝基纳米复合材料,命名为铝基烯合金。首次发现石墨烯纳米片的添加在保持材料良好塑性的同时,显著提高了其强度。利用OM,SEM和TEM对铝基烯合金微观组织结构进行表征,并测试其拉伸性能。结果表明:石墨烯纳米片均匀分布在铝合金基体中,与基体形成良好的结合界面,且石墨烯纳米片与铝合金基体未发生化学反应,并保留了原始的纳米片结构;铝基烯合金中石墨烯纳米片含量为0.3%(质量分数)时,铝基烯合金的平均屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到322MPa和454MPa,较未添加石墨烯纳米片的合金分别提高58%和25%,且伸长率略有提高。基于石墨烯纳米片特殊的二维褶皱结构,讨论铝基烯合金的增强增韧行为。     

石墨烯增强铜基复合材料研究进展

铜(Cu)基复合材料具有优异的力学、热学、电学及耐磨和耐腐蚀等性能,广泛应用于各种工业技术领域。石墨烯(Graphene,Gr)具有二维平面结构和优异的综合性能,是金属基复合材料理想的增强相。石墨烯增强铜基复合材料拓展了铜及其合金的应用范围,适当的制备方法可以使其在保持优异导电导热性能的同时拥有更好的力学性能。石墨烯在铜基体中的存在形式主要以还原氧化石墨烯、石墨烯纳米片或与金属氧化物/碳化物纳米颗粒连接,旨在增强两者之间的界面结合。因此,石墨烯在铜基体中的结构完整性及存在形式直接影响了其性能的优劣。本文综述了Cu/Gr复合材料的制备及模拟方法、复合材料的性能评价及力学性能与功能特性的相互影响规律。指明Cu/Gr复合材料的发展关键在于：(1)分散性与界面结合;(2)三维石墨烯结构的构建;(3)界面结合对力学性能与功能特性的影响及两者间的相互协调。     

石墨烯含量对铜基石墨烯复合材料力学和电学性能的影响

为改进铜基复合材料的力学和电学性能,向铜基体分别加入0.2%、0.3%、0.4%(质量分数)的石墨烯,充分混合后,采用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备了石墨烯/铜(G/Cu)复合材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼(Raman)光谱和XRD等表征了复合材料微观结构,测试了其硬度、屈服强度、抗压强度和导电率等性能,以确定石墨烯在铜基体中的合适掺杂量。结果表明:随着石墨烯含量的降低,其力电性能显著提高。当石墨烯质量分数为0.2%时,G/Cu复合材料的综合性能(力学及电学性能)达到最好匹配,实现了铜基材料的高强度、高导电性:其抗压强度和屈服强度分别为557.23 MPa和256 MPa,相对于用SPS方法制备的纯铜分别提高了59.21%和70.7%;电导率为52.3 MS/m,其IACS高达91.8%。     

石墨烯纳米片/AZ91镁基复合材料的显微组织与力学性能

采用铸造工艺制备了石墨烯纳米片(GNPs)增强的AZ91镁基复合材料,测试了复合材料的力学性能,并利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对复合材料的微观组织、界面结合和断口形貌进行了表征和分析,讨论了复合材料的强化机理。结果表明:石墨烯纳米片可有效细化镁基体的晶粒组织,在添加少量石墨烯纳米片时(0.1%),复合材料的屈服强度、延伸率和显微硬度分别为(164±5)MPa、(7.7±0.1)%和(74.2±2)HV,比基体分别提高了37.8%、13.2%和24.7%。GNPs与镁基体形成了强界面结合,这更有利于发挥应力转移强化、细晶强化等作用,提高镁合金强度、塑性等力学性能。     

石墨烯增强铜基复合材料研究进展

石墨烯是一种新兴的二维碳纳米材料,具有良好的力学、导电以及润滑性能,是铜基复合材料中最具潜力的增强体.本文综述了石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的制备工艺,详细分析并归纳了石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的界面结构对于复合材料力学性能的影响及增强机制,总结了石墨烯增强铜基复合材料摩擦学行为研究的最新进展,并深入阐述了石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的润滑耐磨机制,最后,展望了石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的发展前景.     

氧化石墨烯/铜基复合材料的微观结构及力学性能

采用球磨和真空热压烧结方法成功制备氧化石墨烯/铜复合材料。利用OM,SEM,XRD,显微硬度计和电子万能试验机等分析球磨后的复合粉形貌,研究氧化石墨烯添加量对复合微观结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:制备的氧化石墨烯/铜基复合材料组织致密,氧化石墨烯以片状形态较均匀地分布在铜基体中,并与铜基体形成良好的结合界面。氧化石墨烯质量分数为0.5%时,复合材料的综合力学性能较好,显微硬度和室温压缩强度分别为63HV和276MPa,相对于纯铜基体分别提高了8.6%和28%。其强化机理为剪切应力转移强化、位错强化和细晶强化。     

石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯具有超高的比表面积和优异的力学性能, 是铜基复合材料理想的增强体。传统的粉末冶金工艺很难解决石墨烯在铜基体中的分散问题, 以及石墨烯与铜基体结合性差的难题。随着近些年研究者对石墨烯-铜界面问题深入的探索, 一些新的制备工艺不断出现。本文系统地介绍和对比了近几年石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的制备工艺, 概述了关于石墨烯/铜复合材料力学性能的研究进展, 总结了石墨烯增强铜基复合材料力学性能的机理, 并对未来石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的研究重点进行了展望。     

石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的界面调控及其性能研究进展

铜基复合材料有望全面提升铜及铜合金的力学性能和导电、导热等功能特性。石墨烯具有优异的力学和物理性能,是铜基复合材料的理想增强相。石墨烯/铜界面的性质决定了复合材料性能,进行界面调控以提高石墨烯/铜的界面结合性已成为研究人员关注的热点问题。总结了近几年开发的石墨烯缺陷设计法、碳-碳杂化增强相法、金属和陶瓷纳米颗粒修饰石墨烯法以及原位生长石墨烯和石墨烯复合增强相法等多种界面调控策略,讨论了多种界面调控策略对石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的力学、导电、导热性能的作用机理,展望了应用界面调控策略研发的高性能复合材料的应用前景和未来研发的发展方向。     

原位自生法制备石墨烯增强镁基复合材料的工艺和性能

采用原位自生法制备石墨烯增强的镁基复合材料,并使用Raman、XPS、XRD、SEM和TEM以及电子万能拉伸试验机等手段表征了原位生成的石墨烯的微观形貌和复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:进行原位反应可制备石墨烯增强的镁基复合材料,反应温度越高原位生成的石墨烯的质量越好,制备出的复合材料的性能越高。反应温度为780℃时复合材料的力学性能达到最大值,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率分别为245 MPa、340 MPa和6.7%,比基体的力学性能分别提高了40%、21.4%和48.8%。     

Mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of aluminum nitride/polyetherimide composites

The mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of modified AlN/polyetherimide (PEI) composites were investigated. It revealed that the surface of AlN modified by silane could effectively increase the adhesion with matrix, which was beneficial for AlN to reinforce the polyetherimide matrix. After silane modification, the AlN showed good dispersion and wetibility in the polyetherimide matrix and imparted excellent mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. The tensile strength, modulus, electrical and thermal stability were improved with the increasing of AlN content. The tensile strength of AlN/PEI composites increased by 27% when 12.6 vol.% AlN was added to neat polyetherimide. The thermal conductivity of the 57.4 vol.% AlN/PEI composites increased three times compared with neat polyetherimide. Test results indicate that the silane grafted AlN incorporated into the polyetehetimide matrix effectively enhance the thermal stability, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the polyetherimide composites.     

Properties of synthetic diamond and graphene nanoplatelet-filled epoxy thin film composites for electronic applications

Epoxy thin film composites filled with particulate nanofillers; synthetic diamond and graphene nanoplatelets were prepared and characterized based on tensile, thermal, and electrical properties. The influences of these two types of fillers, especially in terms of their loading, sizes and shapes, were discussed. It was found that the epoxy thin film composites incorporating synthetic diamond displayed optimum properties where the addition of synthetic diamond from 0 to 2 vol.% results in higher elastic modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, thermal conductivity and storage modulus if compared to those of graphene nanoplatelets composites. Both thin film composites showed improvement in the glass transition temperature with increasing filler loadings. Results on the electrical conductivity of both systems showed that higher conductivity is observed in graphene nanoplatelets composites if compared to synthetic diamond composites.     

石墨烯/铜复合材料剪切性能的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学方法系统地研究了石墨烯/铜复合材料的剪切力学性能,包括剪切弹性模量、剪切屈服强度、剪切破坏强度及剪切变形机制。研究发现,与单晶铜的剪切模拟相比较,石墨烯的加入显著增强了石墨烯/铜复合材料的剪切强度,并且剪切强度随着石墨烯体积分数的增大而提高。复合材料中的石墨烯层与铜层产生了协同作用,即石墨烯层阻碍了铜的位错扩展,铜层限制了石墨烯的结构屈曲。对含球形缺陷的石墨烯/铜复合材料的剪切性能也进行了研究。结果表明,不同位置和数量的球形小缺陷对复合材料的剪切性能影响不大,小缺陷石墨烯/铜复合材料仍具有较好的性能和使用价值。但随着缺陷直径的增大,复合材料的剪切强度明显减小。     

The reinforcing effect of graphene nanosheets on the cryogenic mechanical properties of epoxy resins

The reinforcing effect of graphene in enhancing the cryogenic tensile and impact properties of epoxy composites is examined at a weight fraction of 0.05–0.50%. The micro-structure and cryogenic mechanical properties of the graphene/epoxy composites are investigated using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering and mechanical testing techniques. The results show that the graphene dispersion in the epoxy matrix is good at low contents while its aggregation takes place and becomes severer as its content increases. And the cryogenic tensile and impact strength at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) of the composites are effectively improved by the graphene addition at proper contents. The cryogenic Young’s modulus increases almost linearly with increasing the graphene content. Moreover, the results for the mechanical properties at room temperature (298 K) of the graphene/epoxy composites are also presented for the purpose of comparison.     

原位自生TiB_2/A356复合材料拉伸行为的细观分析

采用原位自生法制备了TiB2/A356复合材料,并对该材料的拉伸性能进行了研究。结果表明,随着颗粒体积分数的增加,复合材料的弹性模量、屈服强度和抗拉强度增大,而延性稍有下降。断口观察表明,其主要断裂机制为颗粒与基体界面脱粘和颗粒团聚内部疏松引起的脆性开裂。针对此种复合材料提出一种弹性模量简化计算模型,同时对其屈服强度也进行了细观分析。     

石墨烯/环氧树脂复合材料的制备与力学性能

通过对氧化石墨热膨胀还原并用超声分散制备了石墨烯,并对所得产物进行分析表征。用超声分散和模具浇注成型法制备了石墨烯/环氧树脂纳米复合材料。研究了石墨烯含量对石墨烯/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能和断面形貌的影响,分析了石墨烯对环氧树脂的增强机理。结果表明,随着石墨烯含量的增加,石墨烯/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度及模量先增加后减小;当石墨烯的质量分数为0.1%时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到最大值60.9MPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了16.88%;当石墨烯的质量分数为0.5%时,复合材料的拉伸模量达到最大值2833.3MPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了48.29%。     

Development of hybrid Mg/Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> composites with improved properties using microwave assisted rapid sintering route

In the present study, hybrid magnesium based composites reinforced with an equivalent of 5 vol.% of micron and nano-sized Al₂O₃ particulates were synthesized using powder metallurgy technique incorporating an innovative microwave assisted rapid sintering technique. Microstructural characterization revealed near equiaxed grain morphology and the presence of minimal porosity in all the samples. Mechanical characterization studies revealed that the coupled addition of micron and nano-sized particulate reinforcements in magnesium matrix leads to a significant increase in hardness, elastic modulus, 0.2% yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and a decrease in ductility when compared to pure magnesium. Tensile testing results further revealed an increase in elastic modulus and ductility with no apparent change in the 0.2% yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the hybrid composites upon the addition of nano-sized alumina particulates from 0.5 to 0.75 volume percent. With an increase in nano-sized alumina particulates from 0.75 to 1%, the overall mechanical properties of the hybrid composites were enhanced with an increase being observed in the elastic modulus, 0.2% yield strength and ductility of the composites. An attempt is made in this study to investigate the feasibility of the processing methodology and to study the effects of the addition of particulate reinforcements of different sizes on the microstructure, physical and mechanical properties of magnesium.     

Improved mechanical properties of magnesium–graphene composites with copper–graphene hybrids

New magnesium nanocomposites reinforced with copper–graphene nanoplatelet hybrid particles have been prepared through the semipowder metallurgy method. Compared with the monolithic Mg, the Mg–1Cu–xGNPs nanocomposites exhibited higher tensile and compressive strength. In tension, nanocomposites revealed substantial enhancement in elastic modulus, 0.2% yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and failure strain (up to +89, +117, +58 and +96% respectively) compared to monolithic Mg. In compression, the nanocomposites showed the greatest improvement in 0.2% yield strength, and the ultimate compressive strength and failure strain (%) (up to +34, +59 and +61% respectively), whilst the compressive elastic modulus first increases and then decreases with an increase in the graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) contents. The enhanced strength of the composites is likely to result from strengthening mechanisms invoked by the addition of Cu–GNPs hybrids.     

石墨烯-多壁碳纳米管协同增强环氧树脂复合材料的低温力学性能

为了提高环氧树脂的低温力学性能,采用石墨烯与多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)协同改性环氧树脂,系统研究了石墨烯-MWCNTs/环氧树脂复合材料的室温(RT)和低温(77K)力学性能。结果表明:当石墨烯的质量分数为0.1wt%,MWCNTs的质量分数为0.5wt%时,纳米填料的加入可同时改善环氧树脂的低温拉伸强度、弹性模量和冲击强度;在此最佳含量下,石墨烯-MWCNTs/环氧树脂复合材料在RT和77K时的拉伸强度皆达到最大值,比纯环氧树脂的拉伸强度分别提高了11.04%和43.78%。石墨烯和MWCNTs能协同提高环氧树脂的低温力学性能。