2219铝合金母材及焊接接头的腐蚀行为

采用剥蚀试验和动电位极化曲线测试对2219铝合金母材、搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和钨极氩弧焊(TIG)焊接头的腐蚀行为进行了研究。通过腐蚀失重测试、电化学试验与剥蚀后表面及深度方向腐蚀微观形貌观察,对三者的腐蚀形式和机理进行了分析。结果表明:母材腐蚀速率最大,自腐蚀电位最低,而腐蚀电流密度最大;两种接头焊缝/焊核的耐蚀性总体接近,都优于母材的,FSW焊核的耐蚀性最优。合金母材的腐蚀形式为层状剥蚀,TIG焊缝为晶间腐蚀,深度较小,FSW焊核为点蚀。三者的腐蚀均与析出相有关,母材的析出相粗大,与基体之间的电偶效应最明显;TIG焊缝析出相沿枝晶晶界排列,但析出相尺寸小,电偶作用弱于母材;FSW焊核析出相尺寸由于机械搅拌而变小且分布弥散,腐蚀性能有所改善。     

LD10铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的腐蚀特性

利用搅拌摩擦技术对LD10铝合金板材进行焊接,观察了搅拌摩擦焊接头搅拌区、热机械影响区、热影响区及母材区的微观组织。通过浸泡试验、盐雾腐蚀试验、动电位极化和电化学阻抗谱评估了接头的腐蚀特性,分析了LD10铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头腐蚀机理。发现搅拌摩擦焊接头区域的开路电位高于母材区,同时腐蚀电流密度小于母材区,且接头区域的容抗弧半径比母材区更大。LD10铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头耐蚀性好于铝合金母材,这同搅拌区晶粒细小和Cu Al2析出相分布均匀有关。     

2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头断裂性能试验研究

对2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头各区域的断裂性能进行了研究。完成了接头的夏比冲击试验,并对接头各区域冲击断口进行了分析。研究结果表明,2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的断裂呈韧性,焊核区断裂韧性最好,热影响区和热机影响区断裂韧性无显著差异,低于焊核区断裂韧性,但均高于母材的断裂韧性。     

焊接方法对2219板材组织和力学性能的影响

分别采用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和钨极氩弧焊(TIG)对2219铝合金大型锻环上切取的板材进行焊接,通过维氏硬度和拉伸试验对焊接接头的室温力学性能进行了测试,并采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜等手段对接头的显微组织进行了观察。结果表明,两种焊接方法都使2219铝合金的硬度、强度和塑性下降,FSW焊接接头的硬度、强度明显高于TIG焊接接头,但是塑性相当。这是由于FSW焊缝处的组织相对于TIG焊更加细小,而且分布有一定数量的析出相。FSW和TIG焊接接头的断裂模式为韧性和脆性混合断裂。FSW和TIG焊接接头断裂位置分别为热机影响区和熔合区。     

5A06铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织和应力腐蚀行为分析

搅拌摩擦焊是一种新型固态塑性连接方法,本文针对5A06铝合金,研究了薄板的搅拌摩擦焊接头的组织形态、力学性能,并对FSW、TIG和气焊对接接头的应力腐蚀行为进行了分析.结果表明,用FSW焊接平板对接接头有着优良的力学性能和抗应力腐蚀能力.     

铝合金超声搅拌复合焊接

铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）通常在焊接区形成上高下低”浅漏斗状”的温度场,使焊缝厚度方向的组织性能差异较大．为了得到更好的焊接效果,文中提出超声搅拌复合焊思想,将超声波通过搅拌头导入焊缝纵深处,以改善焊缝组织性能．试验采用2．5mm厚的2219铝合金分别用上述两种方法进行焊接,并对焊缝的微观组织和力学性能进行了分析比较...     

2219铝合金焊接接头晶间腐蚀行为

采用晶间腐蚀试验及极化曲线测试方法对2219铝合金母材、搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）及钨极氩弧焊（TIG）接头的腐蚀行为进行分析,借助金相显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜、体视显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱仪分析腐蚀形貌及腐蚀产物.结果表明,2219铝合金母材及焊接接头的腐蚀行为主要与析出相有关,Al₂Cu的析出导致贫铜的无沉淀带作为阳极优先溶解.母材的抗晶间腐蚀能力最差,由表面点蚀开始,沿轧制方向逐渐发展为剥落腐蚀;TIG焊次之,表现为网状晶间腐蚀;FSW焊最低,焊核表现为点蚀,散落分布于表面.     

热源同轴辅助搅拌摩擦焊工艺特性分析

研究了激光同轴辅助搅拌摩擦焊中激光/搅拌摩擦焊的热量分配对不同系列铝合金焊缝成形、接头力学性能及显微组织的影响,并得到了相应的优化能量分配条件.结果表明,加入激光辅助热源可有效扩大工艺参数窗口,特别是流动性差的5A06和2219铝合金,焊接速度可提升30%以上.激光辅助热源对6061及5A06铝合金焊接接头性能影响较小,对2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的性能影响明显,焊接热输入增大后,接头性能下降,但总得来说,加入激光辅助热源能够在更小的焊接热输入下获得更高的接头性能.     

6005A-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头 微观组织及耐应力腐蚀性能

利用光学显微镜、透射电镜以及四点弯曲应力腐蚀方法研究6005A-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的微观组织及其应力腐蚀性能。结果表明,6005A-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头硬度分布呈"W"型,其中热影响区的硬度最低,焊核区的硬度有所升高,母材硬度最高;铝合金母材的主要强化相为含铜Q'相,而焊核区大部分强化相消失,存在大量位错,主要强化机制为细晶强化、位错强化和固溶强化;搅拌摩擦焊接头表现出良好的抗应力腐蚀性能,但仍出现点蚀现象,其中热影响区为接头耐蚀性的薄弱部位。     

5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头微弧氧化膜电化学腐蚀行为

利用微弧氧化技术在5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)接头表面制备一层均匀的微弧氧化膜.通过动电位极化和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析,评估微弧氧化前后搅拌摩擦焊接头的腐蚀特性.结果表明,经过微弧氧化表面处理的搅拌摩擦焊样品腐蚀电流密度减小,电化学阻抗增加,抗腐蚀性能得到了显著改善.未氧化处理的不同焊接组织区域腐蚀行为存在明显的差异,而5083铝合金母相和焊缝表面的微弧氧化膜具有相同的形貌和抗腐蚀性能.     

Al-Zn-Mg铝合金厚板搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与分层性能

采用搅拌摩擦焊方法对14 mm厚Al-Zn-Mg铝合金进行对接焊接,研究了沿厚度方向分层切片的横向拉伸和应力腐蚀性能,揭示搅拌摩擦焊接头分层力学和腐蚀性能的不均匀性。研究结果表明,焊核区为细小的再结晶组织,焊核区从上表层到下表层晶粒尺寸逐渐减小;接头两侧的热影响区存在明显软化区;接头分层的抗拉强度波动较小,在315～330 MPa之间,断裂位置均位于前进侧的软化区;接头上、下表层在四点弯曲试验中均未发生腐蚀断裂,接头上、下表层热影响区的腐蚀敏感性最高;晶内析出相发生粗化和晶界析出相连续分布,是导致热影响区力学性能和耐蚀性能降低的根本原因。     

Corrosion behaviour of friction stir welded AA7108 T79 aluminium alloy

The corrosion behaviour of a friction stir welded AA7108 T79 aluminium alloy has been investigated using accelerated testing (ASTM G34 EXCO) and electrochemical measurements. The welded alloy showed the expected zones associated with friction stir welding, namely nugget, thermomechanically affected zone and heat affected zone. Corrosion testing revealed that the edge regions of the thermomechanically affected zone were most susceptible to corrosion. The localized corrosion occurs intergranularly due to the non-uniform distribution of η/η′ (MgZn₂) precipitates within the thermomechanically affected zone.     

Effect of second-phase particle on localized corrosion in Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Mn alloy friction stir welded joint

The microstructure and corrosion behavior of a high-strength Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Mn alloy friction stir welded (FSWed) joint were investigated using scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, open-circuit potential test, and potentiodynamic polarization. The weld nugget zone and heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the FSWed joint showed diverse microstructural characteristics including micron-scale intermetallic particles and nanoscale precipitates, leading to different localized corrosion sensitivities. The results of electrochemical tests confirmed the regional difference of corrosion in FSWed joints. Detailed research on the corrosion process revealed that micron-scale Al(Fe,Mn,Si) particles promoted the dissolution of the vicinal matrix to induce pitting corrosion. The directionally distributed intermetallic particles and grain boundary precipitates in HAZ conduced to the development of intergranular microcracks into exfoliation. The matrix precipitates affected the localized corrosion tendency due to regional variation of the redissolution degree.     

Fatigue crack growth behaviour of pulsed current gas tungsten arc, friction stir and laser beam welded AZ31B magnesium alloy joints

The laser beam welded joints offered better resistance against the growing fatigue cracks compared to friction stir welded and pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded AZ31B magnesium alloy joints. The formation of very fine grains in weld region, higher fusion zone hardness, uniformly distributed fine precipitates and favourable residual stress field of the weld region are the main reasons for superior fatigue performance of laser beam welded joints of AZ31B magnesium alloy.     

Effect of post-weld heat treatment on joint properties of dissimilar friction stir welded 2024-T4 and 7075-T6 aluminum alloys

The effect of post-weld heat treatment on dissimilar friction stir welded AA7075 and AA2024 joints was studied. After welding in constant parameters, solution heat treatment and various aging treatments were given to the welded joints. Microstructural and phase characterizations were done using optical microscope, SEM, FE-SEM, XRD and EDS techniques. Finally, mechanical properties of post-weld heat treated joints were evaluated and compared with as-welded joints. Results show that both 2024-T6 and 7075-T6 post-weld heat treatment procedures considerably improve the mechanical strength of the welded joint, with higher strength obtained for the 7075-T6 procedure, in comparison with the as-welded joint. This is explained by the formation of fine precipitates during the aging process, despite the abnormal grain growth. Fracture occurs at the interface between thermo-mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ) on the retreating side (AA7075) of as-welded joint, while by applying post-weld heat treatment fracture location shifts towards the stir zone (SZ) of the welded joint. Also, for post-weld heat treated samples, fracture surface is predominantly inter-granular, while in as-weld joint, fracture surface is mostly trans-granular. This is explained by dissolution and coarsening of precipitates within grains in post-weld heat treated joints.     

T2纯铜大载荷超低速搅拌摩擦焊接头强韧化机理

采用大载荷超低速搅拌摩擦焊工艺对2 mm厚的T2纯铜进行焊接,利用光学显微镜、扫描/透射电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射、硬度测试以及静拉伸试验对焊接接头的微观组织和力学性能进行研究. 结果表明,焊接热循环得到显著改善,有效抑制了由焊后余热带来的退火软化作用,彻底消除热影响区. 搅拌区由含有大量孪晶组织的超细晶构成,搅拌区抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别较母材提高了94%和69%. 文中提供了一种简单有效的方法,可同时提高纯铜搅拌摩擦焊搅拌区的强度和韧性.     

搅拌摩擦焊AA7075-T651铝合金接头的疲劳裂纹扩展(英文)

研究12 mm厚AA7075-T651铝合金板搅拌摩擦焊接头的疲劳裂纹扩展行为。从搅拌摩擦焊接头以及母材中截取试样,对试样进行疲劳裂纹扩展实验。对搅拌摩擦焊接头以及母材的横向拉伸性能进行评估。用光学显微镜和透射电镜分析焊接接头的显微组织。用扫描电镜观察试样的断裂表面。与母材相比,焊接接头的ΔKcr降低了10×10-3 MPa·m1/2。搅拌摩擦焊AA7075-T651接头的疲劳寿命明显低于母材的,其原因可归结于焊缝区的析出相在搅拌摩擦焊接过程中的溶解。     

6005A铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的晶间腐蚀行为

对6005A铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的晶间腐蚀行为进行了研究.结果表明,母材的晶间腐蚀倾向最大,热影响区(HAZ)次之,焊核区(NZ)和热力影响区(TMAZ)的晶间腐蚀倾向最低.结合场发射扫描电镜、高分辨透射电镜分析解释了接头不同区域的腐蚀行为:母材的晶间腐蚀是两组微电池效应的结果,即晶界析出相/沉淀无析出带(PFZ)和铝基体/PFZ;HAZ内晶界析出相的数量的减少、间距的变大及晶内Q'相的析出显著改善了该区的晶间腐蚀性,但晶内Q'相的析出也引起了点蚀的发生;NZ和TMAZ内绝大部分的合金元素固溶于基体,抑制了晶间腐蚀的发生.     

搅拌摩擦焊与手工电弧焊接头电化学腐蚀性能研究

通过测定H65铜合金搅拌摩擦焊接头和手工电弧焊接头在3.5%NaCl溶液中的开路电位和极化曲线,研究其电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明,搅拌摩擦焊接头的抗腐蚀性能优于手工电弧焊接头。搅拌摩擦焊接头微观组织的细化、均匀化和致密化降低了晶界和晶粒在电化学上的不均匀性。手工电弧焊接头脱锌层和基体界面处产生的拉应力对抗腐蚀性能有较大影响。     

Relationship between microstructure, microhardness and corrosion sensitivity of an AA 2024-T3 friction stir welded joint

Corrosion sensitivity of a friction stir welded (FSW) AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy has been investigated using both normalized intergranular corrosion test (ASTM-G110) and local electrochemical open circuit potential measurements. In addition, Vickers microhardness and microstructural analysis have been performed.The HAZ close to the TMAZ is the most sensitive to intergranular corrosion because of the presence of continuous lines of S′(S) intergranular precipitates at grain boundaries. Pitting corrosion is due to the intermetallic particles. Their fragmentation produced by stirring effect modifies the pitting corrosion behavior. Microhardness variations depend on the relative volume fraction of GPB zones and S′(S) intragranular precipitates.