燃煤烟气除尘用哈氏C-276滤材腐蚀行为研究

为了检验哈氏C-276合金滤材在燃煤烟气环境下的耐蚀性,并研究其腐蚀机理,模拟燃煤烟气环境配制了"绿色死亡"溶液,通过失重法计算出了滤材的腐蚀速率,并通过扫描电镜照片表征了腐蚀后滤材的表面形貌,研究了滤材在"绿色死亡"溶液中的耐蚀性能及腐蚀机理。结果表明:哈氏C-276合金滤材的腐蚀速率为0.71g/(m2·h),与哈氏C-276合金仅相差4.4%,具有优异的耐蚀性能,适宜用作燃煤烟气除尘滤材。哈氏C-276合金滤材在腐蚀液中发生腐蚀时,点蚀与晶间腐蚀两种腐蚀现象同时存在。     

退火工艺对哈氏C-276合金耐蚀性的影响分析

采用不同的工艺参数对哈氏C-276合金进行了退火处理,并进行了中性盐雾腐蚀和电化学腐蚀试验,对其结果进行对比分析。结果表明:分级退火处理可以有效提高哈氏C-276合金的耐中性盐雾腐蚀和耐电化学腐蚀性能,且分级退火温度对合金的耐蚀性产生重要影响。与常规退火工艺相比,分级退火可使哈氏C-276合金在240 h中性盐雾腐蚀后的质量损失率减少7.99%,腐蚀电位正移0.0042 V。     

稀土铝黄铜合金在NaCl+NH4Cl腐蚀液中的腐蚀行为

利用失重法、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜与能谱分析等手段研究了Cu-Zn-Al-Ni-B-Ce合金在自来水和去离子水配置的NaCl(35g/L)+NH4Cl(26.75g/L)腐蚀液中的耐腐蚀性能及其腐蚀行为。结果表明:该合金在溶液中的腐蚀产物均主要为稀土氧化物(Ce4O7)、铜的碱式氯化物(Cu(OH)Cl)和铜氨络合物的水合物(Cu(OH)2NH3.H2O);在去离子水溶液中合金的腐蚀速率为1.60×10-3mm/a,在自来水溶液中的腐蚀速率达到了7.51×10-2mm/a;合金在两种腐蚀液中均有沿晶界腐蚀现象,合金在自来水溶液中的腐蚀产物厚度10~20μm,远大于合金在去离子水中的腐蚀产物厚度1μm左右,且经去离子水溶液腐蚀后的合金表面比经自来水溶液腐蚀后的平滑。     

激光焊接哈氏合金C-276薄板的元素微偏析特性（英文）

研究镱纤维激光焊接哈氏合金C-276薄板焊缝区的元素微偏析特性。通过EDS数据分析得到的偏析比和元素的平衡分布系数表明,与以往报道的激光焊接哈氏合金C-276相比,镱纤维激光焊接哈氏合金元素微偏析减少。镱光纤激光器的高熔融效率、低线性输入热量及糊状区较高的冷却速率导致微偏析减少。用镱光纤激光器焊接哈氏合金C-276的熔融效率为64%,比传统焊接方法的熔融效率(48%)高。高熔融效率导致焊接所需的线性热输入减少,因此在本研究中发现,与以往的报道相比,其减幅更大。焊缝中心线从液相温度到固相温度的冷却速率量级为103°C/s。在焊缝中心线形成了构成较低微偏析的胞状枝晶子结构。     

Mg-14Li-1A1-0.1Ce合金在卤素溶液(NaX,X=F,cl,Br和I)中腐蚀行为的研究

用电化学方法研究了Mg-14Li-1A1-0.1Ce合金在卤素溶液(NaX.X=F.CI.Br和I)中的腐蚀行为并用失重法测定其腐蚀速率,用扫描电镜(SEM)观察腐蚀后的表面形貌.利用XRD检定腐蚀产物的相组成.结果表明.合金在卤素溶液中的腐蚀速率由低到高的顺序是:NaF相似文献   

氯气混合器哈氏合金C-22的焊接

哈氏合金C-22与C-276属于哈氏合金C家族,是Ni-Cr-Mo合金.焊接Ni-Cr-Mo合金时容易出现焊缝金属污染和焊接接头的中温教化脆化,解决的关键是重视焊前处理和对高温焊缝的保护以及控制焊接热输入.本文介绍了哈氏合金C-22的材料特点、耐蚀性能、焊接工艺和焊接特点等内容.     

Hastelloy C-276/316L激光异质焊焊缝腐蚀性能

利用连续激光对Hastelloy C-276和316L进行焊接,借助电化学腐蚀方法比较焊缝中心附近和母材在酸性、中性、碱性溶液中的腐蚀性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜和X线能量色散谱分析腐蚀形貌以及腐蚀表面元素成分。结果表明:在酸性环境中,抗腐蚀性由大到小的顺序为C-276的抗腐蚀性、焊缝、316L;在中性环境中,焊缝的抗腐蚀性和母材的相似;而在碱性环境中,焊缝的抗蚀性优于316L的,而其腐蚀趋势大于C-276的,但腐蚀速率小于C-276的;C-276中Mo元素较316L中的多,认为焊缝中Mo元素主要来自C-276,而Mo元素在焊缝枝晶间、枝晶杆的含量差别是造成焊缝在酸性、中性溶液中枝晶间腐蚀的重要原因之一;在碱性溶液中焊缝发生点蚀,这与晶格缺陷有关。     

铁锰二元合金耐液锌腐蚀机理

研究了四种不同Mn含量的铁锰二元合金在450℃液锌中的腐蚀行为,探讨了Mn对铁锌反应的影响规律。结果表明,铁锰二元合金在液锌中的腐蚀属于溶解性腐蚀。随着锰含量的增加,腐蚀速率有较大变化。含锰量为10wt%的合金,其腐蚀速率为5.79×10-3g.cm-2.h-1,含锰量为15wt%的合金,其腐蚀速率为3.64×10-2.gcm-2.h-1。锰含量为10wt%时,腐蚀产物由致密的δ相层和块状的ζ相层组成,致密的较厚的δ相层的存在,降低了铁锌反应速率,合金表现出较好的耐液锌腐蚀能力,而锰含量为15wt%时,腐蚀产物由大量疏松的颗粒状ζ相分布在液锌相中组成,疏松的组织恶化了合金的耐液锌腐蚀能力。     

Mg-14Li-1Al-0．1Ce合金在卤素溶液（NaX，X=F，C1，Br和I）中腐蚀行为的研究

用电化学方法研究了Mg-14Li-1Al-0．1Ce合金在卤素溶液（NaX，X=F，C1，Br和I）中的腐蚀行为并用失重法测定其腐蚀速率，用扫描电镜（SEM）观察腐蚀后的表面形貌，利用XRD检定腐蚀产物的相组成．结果表明，合金在卤素溶液中的腐蚀速率由低到高的顺序是：NaF〈NaI〈NaBr〈NaCl．经过48h腐蚀后，...     

Mg-14Li-1Al-0.1Ce合金在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

采用电化学方法研究了Mg-14Li-1Al-0.1Ce合金在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,采用扫描电镜观察腐蚀后的表面形貌,用失重法测试腐蚀速率,用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了腐蚀层和溶液中腐蚀颗粒的组成。结果表明,Mg-Li-Al-Ce合金的腐蚀速率随溶液Cl-浓度增大而增大,由失重法所得到的腐蚀速率远大于由腐蚀电流密度(Jcorr)计算所得的腐蚀速率。扫描电镜(SEM)观察表明,合金表面随溶液Cl-浓度增加而破坏严重。腐蚀产物层没有保护作用,在腐蚀产物下有明显的蚀坑和裂纹。XRD表明腐蚀产物层和溶液中腐蚀颗粒由Mg(OH)2、Li0.92Mg4.08和Li3Mg7组成。     

Corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr-base commercial alloys in flowing Ar-42.6%O2-14.7%Br2 gas mixture at 700°C

Corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr-Base commercial alloys has been investigated in an argon-42.6% oxygen-14.7% bromine gas mixture at 700°C which was one of the environments encountered in the UT -3 thermochemical water decomposition reaction process to produce hydrogen. The test alloys were Inconel 600, Hastelloy C-276, Inconel 625, and Nimonic 80A. Two-dimensional thermodynamic phase stability diagrams were constructed for nickel, chromium, iron, tungsten, cobalt, titanium, and aluminium to predict the condensed corrosion products that are stable with respect to the representative alloying elements when the alloy is exposed to the argon-42.6% oxygen-14.7% bromine gas mixture at 700°C. The oxides were thermodynamically stable phases with respect to the corresponding metals. Post-reaction treatment of test alloys included discontinuous mass-change measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) for morphological and compositional investigation of the corrosion products, and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase identification. XRD identified oxides and spinels as corrosion products but low-melting metal bromides were also detected for all alloys with deleterious effects on high-temperature properties of these alloys during exposure to the environment. The poor corrosion resistance of Inconel 600 and Hastelloy C-276 was mainly caused by the cracking and spalling of iron and nickel-rich oxides and further growth of various metal bromides beneath the oxide scale following prolonged exposure. Inconel 625 and Nimonic 80A alloys performed better than Inconel 600 and Hastelloy C-276, mainly because of their aluminium alloying element and lower iron content.     

High-temperature corrosion behaviors of typical nickel alloy coatings in a simulated boiler coal ash/gas environment in the Zhundong region

The high-temperature corrosion behaviors of five nickel alloy coatings used in coal-fired boilers in the Zhundong region (Xinjiang province) were investigated in simulated coal ash and coal-combusted flue gas environment at 650°C for 250 and 500 hr. The samples were analyzed by weight gain experiment, X-ray diffraction test, and scanning electron microscopy technique with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results indicated that the corrosion level is in the order of NiCrMo13 ≈ Hastelloy C-276 (276) > NiCrBSi > Inconel 718 (718) > 45CT. The compositions of the corrosion scale in five nickel alloy coatings mainly consist of NiO, Ni₃S₂, and Cr₂O₃. The enrichment of Cr in the corrosion scale in 45CT, 718, and NiCrBSi coatings inhibits the formation of oxide and sulfide on the coating surface. The presence of W and Mo in nickel alloy coatings accelerates the formation of corrosion products, thus weakening the corrosion resistance of NiCrMo13 and 276 in simulated coal ash and coal-combusted flue gas environment.     

镍基耐蚀合金Hastelloy C-276锻造开裂原因分析

耐蚀合金Hastelloy C-276锻造过程中出现开裂,对其开裂原因进行了分析,并研究了均质化处理对其组织的影响以提高锻造成材率。结果表明,Hastelloy C-276合金铸态组织中存在大量μ析出相,是导致锻造开裂的主要原因。通过提高均质化加热温度和延长保温时间,可减轻枝晶偏析,经1170 ℃保温10 h空冷后,偏析几乎全部消失,锻造良好。     

An ultra‐sulfur Hastelloy alloy C‐4

The effect of sulfur on solidification‐segregation and corrosion resistant properties of Hastelloy C‐4 corrosion‐resistant alloy was studied. It was found that strict controlling the content of sulfur can reduce the width and temperature interval of the solid‐liquid biphase region and the segregation degree of the alloy, resulting in a higher corrosion resistance. An improved low segregation Hastelloy C‐4 corrosion resistant alloy was developed.     

Ni-Cr-Mo耐蚀合金在CaCl_2-CaF_2熔盐中的腐蚀行为

通过全浸腐蚀实验,采用XRD,OM,SEM和EDS研究了Hastelloy C276和Hastelloy N合金在80%CaCl_2+20%CaF_2(质量分数)熔盐中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,Hastelloy C276和Hastelloy N合金均发生晶间腐蚀,其具体形式为Cr和Mo元素沿晶界发生选择性脱溶腐蚀.由于腐蚀层和腐蚀产物对元素扩散的阻碍作用,Hastelloy C276和Hastelloy N合金在熔盐中的腐蚀速率均逐渐减缓,其腐蚀失重C与腐蚀时间t符合C=Kt~n关系.     

C-276合金650 ℃下持久抗力的显微分析

利用SEM和TEM,对固溶强化合金Hastelloy C-276的初始组织和在650 ℃、不同拉应力下持久断裂试样进行显微组织分析。结果表明：试样的断口以典型的韧窝形貌为主,局部有少许晶间断裂现象,显示出C-276合金具有良好的高温韧性。在C-276合金的初始组织中,有退火孪晶和大量位错存在;在经受高应力拉伸过程中,晶体内产生大量形变孪晶;同时,发现在晶界和晶内有细小弥散的析出物。因此,C-276合金在650 ℃下优越的高温持久抗力是固溶强化、沉淀强化以及可能的孪晶强化综合作用的结果。     

Ni-Cr-Mo系合金焊后熔敷金属耐蚀性研究

本文研究了适合于焊接Ni-Cr-Mo系合金的药芯焊丝（一种是金属型无渣药芯焊丝,另一种是造渣型的药芯焊丝）焊接后熔敷金属的耐蚀性。通过光学金相显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对熔敷金属的金相组织进行了研究,熔敷金属的组织主要由奥氏体基体和析出相组成,晶粒比较均匀,尺寸为20—50μm。在堆焊过程中．相当于对合金进行了敏化处理,很容易析出TCP（topologically close—packed）相,这就造成了晶界和基体的合金元素成分、结构的不均匀性,从而容易产生晶间腐蚀。通过ASTMG28晶间腐蚀试验,结果表明,熔敷金属的耐腐蚀性与母材Hastelloy C-276合金相当,对其晶间腐蚀行为进行了初步的探讨,表明在氧化性的腐蚀介质中,富含Mo的TCP相易被腐蚀。     

Corrosion behavior of Hastelloy C-276 in supercritical water

The corrosion behavior of a nickel-based alloy Hastelloy C-276 exposed in supercritical water at 500–600 °C/25 MPa was investigated by means of gravimetry, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. An oxide scale with dual-layer structure, mainly consisting of an outer NiO layer and an inner Cr₂O₃/NiCr₂O₄-mixed layer, developed on C-276 after 1000 h exposure. Higher temperature promoted oxidation, resulting in thicker oxide scale, larger weight gain and stronger tendency of oxide spallation. The oxide growth mechanism in SCW seems to be similar to that in high temperature water vapor, namely solid-state growth mechanism.     

Korrosionsverhalten des Werkstoffs 1.4539 und von Nickelbasis-Legierungen in Gaswässern

Corrosion behaviour of material no. 1.4539 and nickel based alloys in gas waters Laboratory tests with synthetic gas waters containing the gases ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen cyanide were carried out in order to examine the influence of medium components on the corrosion of material No. 1.4539 and nickel based alloys Hastelloy C-4, C-22 and C-276. Hydrogen sulfide was identified as the decisive component for corrosion. For stainless steel corrosion rates of about 2 mm ° a⁻¹ were already found at 50°C in a critical pH-range with sulfide concentrations > 2%. As cyanide stimulates corrosion by dissolving sulfide surface layers by complexation of the iron ions, an increased material loss rate per unit area was found in the critical range with increasing cyanide concentration. The much more stable nickel based alloys only revealed considerable weight losses after being exposed in the autoclave at 100°C. The graduation of the loss rates C-22 > C-4 > C-276 can be explained by the different contents of high grade alloy elements. The testing of nickel based alloys of the Hastelloy type and of material No. 1.4539 and 1.4571 by means of the dynamic tensile test (CERT-method) revealed no risks of stress corrosion cracking in the tested media. The mechanical data, such as energy at break, elongation at rupture and reduction of area when breaking, did not indicate any change in comparison to the data found in a neutral medium (glycerine). As a function of the aggressiveness of the liquid phase, the metallographic analysis showed some traces of local corrosion in the highly deformed area, ranging from pitting to limited surface cracking. These phenomena were found to nearly the same extent for all materials.     

不锈钢在含有溴离子的醋酸溶液中的腐蚀

采用浸泡试验及电化学试验,对304、254 SMO和HastelloyC－276三种材料在醋酸和含有Br^-离子的醋酸溶液中的腐蚀行为进行了测试。用SEM和XPS分析点蚀形貌。结果发现材料表面所形成的钝化膜中含有Cr2O3和MoO2,对材料起保护作用。