含单负材料对称三层平板波导的模式特性

由电磁场的波动方程和边界条件建立了单负材料作为芯层的对称三层平板波导的模式本征方程,用图解法研究其色散特性。研究发现,单负介质波导不支持快波的传播,只支持表面波的传播。在负磁材料平板波导中只存在TE表面模,不存在TM表面模。分析了在负磁材料平板波导中TE模受磁导率的比值-μ2／μ1和波导参数的影响,给出了横向场分布图。在-μ2/μ1〈1时,偶对称只有TE0表面模存在,奇对称只有TE1表面模存在,高阶模式并不存在,且两种模式都没有低频截止;-μ2/μ1〉1时,TE1表面模始终不出现;TE0模的存在与否和波导参数有关,在一定条件下TE0模可出现双模并存。给出的结果可望对表面波器件的设计提供理论基础。     

左手材料平板波导的传输特性

研究了无色散左手材料(LHM)作为芯层的对称三层平板波导中TE波的传输特性.研究表明,导波和表面波都可以在这种波导中传播.导波不存在TE0模式,只有TE0,TE1模式才会出现表面波.此外还发现在特定结构参数的波导中,可以存在同一阶模式的双传播模.详细分析了结构参数对这些特性的影响.     

左手材料空心平板波导的表面模

详细研究了衬底或者覆盖层是左手材料两种情况下,空心平板波导中的表面模.引入归一化频率、归一化传播常数和非对称量等参数,得到用归一化参数表示的色散关系.用解析法计算了色散曲线,结果表明,材料参数对左手材料空心平板波导色散特性的影响很大.有的情况下只有表面TE1模存在,有的情况下只有表面TE0模存在,而有的情况下表面TE0模和表面TE1模都存在.分别讨论了TE表面模和TM表面模.     

含左手材料和单负材料三层平板波导中TE模的传输特性

研究了以左手材料为衬底和单负材料为覆盖层三层平板波导中TE模的传输特性,为波导器件的设计提供理论支持。首先导出了归一化有效厚度H与归一化频率ν的关系,然后数值计算分析了三层平板波导的传输特性。结果表明,该三层平板波导TE模具有以下特性：1）当导波层与衬底或覆盖层磁导率的比值的增大时,归一化有效折射率b随频率ν的变化率减小。2）当不对称因子a趋近于0时,b随ν单调变化;当a较大时,在截止频率附近,TE₁、TE₂、TE₃、TE₄和TE₅模出现双值现象。3）当a增大时,H-ν曲线从左向右移动。4）对于TE₀模,H出现负值。     

左手材料介质平板波导的表面模

引入归一化频率、归一化传播常数和非对称量等参数,研究了衬底是左手材料的介质平板波导中的表面模,得到用归一化参数表示的色散关系.用解析法计算了色散曲线,结果表明,材料参数对左手材料平板波导色散特性的影响很大.有的情况下只有TE1表面模存在,而有的情况下TE0表面模和TE1表面模都存在.有时TE1表面模与零阶振荡模圆滑连接,形成一个完整的曲线,有时会出现双重简并现象.分别讨论了TE表面模和TM表面模.     

具有特效导波模式的左手材料波导设计

通过转移矩阵方法理论,研究含左手材料平板波导导波模式与表面波的特性,结果表明:在TE极化情况下,当包裹层为金属-芯层为左手材料的三层平板波导满足波导导行条件时,导波层能承载新功能的导波模式,即不存在TE0模;在特殊条件下存在TE1模,而且这导波模式与电磁波频率、材料的介电常数和磁导率密切相关;当不满足波导导行条件时,三层平板波导的三个区域出现不同指数规律衰减的表面波,当导波系数与导波层厚度的乘积为2.1π时,不同模式的表面波将趋向一致.模系数m的奇偶性对导波模式和表面波的能流分布有着显著的影响.利用包裹层为金属-芯层为左手材料三层平板波导的导波模式、表面波和能流分布的奇异特性,可以实现特效导波模式的波导器件,为波导实际设计和应用提供了理论参考.     

非线性平板波导中均匀芯区场的归一化形式

通过理论分析及典型实例计算，分析了包层及衬底均为非线性Kerr型介质、芯区为线性均匀介质的对称3层平板波导的TE0模出现均匀场分布的条件及其归一化形式。给出了自聚焦和自散焦情况下对称3层平板波导TE0模的归一化场分布曲线以及功率随归一化模折射率变化曲线。     

各向异性左手材料平面波导TE模的传输特性

对芯层为左手材料而覆盖层和衬底均为不同普通材料的三层平面波导进行了探讨。考虑损耗、色散和各向异性的左手材料,利用TE模的色散方程,结合模阶数、波导厚度以及电磁衰减系数的变化,画出了相关的色散曲线和损耗曲线。根据这些曲线,发现对于TE2模,在频率为4.03GHz附近,波导厚度为5mm,它有非常大的有效折射率(接近80);当频率从4.0GHz增加到6.0GHz,色散曲线的斜率为正、零和负。正斜率为正常色散,负斜率为反常色散,零斜率则群速为零。对于高阶TE模,当频率为4.03GHz时,它的损耗是最大的;当频率超过5.0GHz后,波导厚度以及电磁衰减常数的变化对TE模的损耗特性影响不大,这些新特性为制备小型化的波导器件提供了理论基础。     

金属包层五层介质光波导的模吸收损耗

本文通过求解Helmholtz方程得到金属包层五层介质光波导TE和TM模的场分布方程和特征方程,并以空气/Au/SiO_2/GaAs/AlGaAs五层MOS光波导为例在复平面内数值求解了复特征方程,给出了TE和TM模的吸收损耗的数值结果,讨论了某些波导结构参量对模吸收损耗特性的影响。     

1维方形掺杂光子晶体波导中缺陷模的色散特性

为了研究1维方形掺杂光子晶体波导中缺陷模的色散,采用特征矩阵的方法研究了1维方形掺杂光子晶体波导中TE波和TM波缺陷模的变化特征,得到了TE波和TM波的缺陷模随色散强度、色散厚度变化的结果。结果表明,色散强度和色散厚度都会对1维方形掺杂光子晶体波导中TE波和TM波的缺陷模产生明显的影响;利用TE波和TM波的缺陷模随色散强度、色散厚度的变化规律,可以有效地实现对1维方形掺杂光子晶体波导中TE波和TM波各传输模式的有效控制。     

Rigorous Analysis of the Scattering of Surface Waves in an Abruptly Ended Slab Dielectric Waveguide

The reflection and the scattering properties of even TE and TM surface waves incident in an abruptly ended dielectric slab waveguide are analyzed. The discontinuity is regarded as a junction between two open waveguides namely the dielectric slab waveguide and the free space waveguide. The boundary conditions acting together with the orthogonality provide singular coupled integral equations on the discrete and the continuous wave amplitudes at the discontinuity. These singular coupled intergral equations with Cauchy kernels and infinite limits of integration are solved by iteration via the Neuman series. Numerical results are presented for the reflectivity of the even TE/sub 0/ and TM/sub 0/ fundamental modes, together with their mode conversion on even TE/sub 2/ and TM/sub 2/ in a slab where two guided modes can propagate. Reflectivity and mode conversion of higher order excitations are also investigated     

色散对圆柱形光子晶体波导传输模式的影响

利用材料的色散关系和特征矩阵法研究了一维圆柱形光子晶体波导中TE波和TM波模式禁带的变化特征,得出了TE波和TM波模式禁带随色散强度、色散厚度的变化规律.色散强度和色散厚度都会对一维圆柱形光子晶体波导中TE波和TM波的模式禁带产生影响.利用TE波和TM模式禁带随色散强度、色散厚度的变化规律,可实现对一维圆柱形光子晶体波导中TE波和TM波各传输模式的有效控制.     

左手系材料对称平板结构中的波导模

考虑由左手系材料作覆层衬底的对称波导系统,研究了TE线性极化波在该波导中的传播特性.利用直接图解法对各种波导模式进行了详细地判别,结果表明快波、慢波均可以在该波导中传播,两者的模式特征与传统介电波导及左手波导均存在较大差异.分析了导波的色散关系并定性地讨论了群速度随频率的变化规律.揭示了在一定条件下,该波导系统既可以支持前向线性TE波的传播也可以支持反向线性TE波的传播,且支持低阶快波偶模式和慢波奇模式传播的频率段相对狭窄.     

Scattering at Circular-to-Rectangular Waveguide Junctions

A formally exact solution is given for the problem of scattering at a circular-to-rectangular waveguide junction and at a thick diaphragm, with a centered circular aperture, in a rectangular waveguide. The method uses normal TE and TM mode expansions of the waveguide fields and traditional mode matching of the transverse electric and magnetic fields at the junction boundary. Exact closed-form expressions are obtained for the electric field mode-matching coefficients which couple the TE(TM) modes in the rectangular guide to the TE(TM) and TM(TE) modes in the circular guide. Numerical results are presented for the case of TE/sub 10/ mode propagation in the larger rectangular guide with all other modes cutoff. Convergent numerical results for the equivalent shunt susceptances of such junctions are obtained when about 12 modes (eight TE and four TM) are retained in the circular waveguide or in the circular aperture of the diaphragm. The results are graphically compared with formulas and curves due to the quasi-static theory of Bethe and the variational theory given in the Waveguide Handbook [2].     

Propagation in a Dielectric-Loaded Parallel Plane Waveguide

A theoretical analysis of wave propagation in a parallel plane waveguide partially filled with a dielectric is performed. This transmission line is a symmetrical three-region structure consisting of two infinite parallel conducting planes with a dielectric slab of rectangular cross section between and contacting each of the planes. It has been found that TEM and TM modes cannot propagate on this structure. This investigation is concerned with TE modes, although hybrid modes can also propagate on this line. The lowest order TE mode, which is the dominant mode, has no cutoff and hence is inherently suited to extremely wide bandwidth operation. Equations have been presented for the field components, guide wavelength, cutoff criteria, power handling capabilities, wall losses, and dielectric losses as a function of the operating wavelength, waveguide dimensions, and material constants. In the case of the dominant mode, design curves covering a large range of wavelengths, dimensions, and dielectric constants are presented. For a loosely bound wave, the losses are comparable or less than those of conventional rectangular waveguide and the power handling capacity is an order of magnitude greater.     

Guiding Modes of a Slab Waveguide Composed of Impedance-Matched Single Negative Materials

The properties of guiding modes of a slab waveguide composed of impedance-matched $epsilon $ (permittivity) negative and $mu $ (permeability) negative media were investigated. This special type of waveguide supports only a single mode having polarization degeneracy: transverse-electric (TE)- and transverse-magnetic (TM)-polarized light waves always have the same propagation wavevectors. However, the overall power flow directions of these degenerate TE and TM modes are always opposite to each other.      

An Absorber-Wall Parallel-Plate Waveguide

The electromagnetic fields that can propagate through a parallel-plate waveguide having absorber walls are investigated, and it is shown that dominant TM/sup e//sub 10/ and TE/sup e//sub 10/ modes can propagate independently with both having a highly-tapered (cosine-type) transverse distribution, a phase velocity slightly exceeding the speed of light, and very low axial attenuation, especially for a wall-spacing large as compared to a free-space wavelength. In other words, such an absorber-guide acts life a corrugated waveguide having "lambda/4" teeth (balanced-hybrid mode) but it does so over virtually an unlimited bandwidth and with little sensitivity to the absorber's characteristics.     

Non-polarization and high-coupling-efficiency coupler using multilevel grating structure

A multilevel grating coupler based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) material structure is proposed to realize the coupling between waveguide and waveguide or waveguide and fiber. This coupler is compatible with the current fabrication facilities for complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology with vertical coupling. This structure can realize coupling when the beams with transverse electric (TE) polarization and transverse magnetic (TM) polarization are incident at the same time. The influences of the grating coupler parameters including wavelength, the thickness of waveguide layer, the thickness of SiO₂ layer and the number of steps on the TE mode and TM mode coupling efficiencies are discussed. Theory researches and simulation results indicate that the wavelength range is from 1533 nm to 1580 nm when the TE mode and TM mode coupling efficiencies are both more than 40% as the grating period is 0.99 μm. The coupling efficiencies of the incident TE and TM modes are 49.9% and 49.5% at the wavelength of 1565 nm, respectively, and the difference between them is only 0.4%.