中国茧丝绸行业2012年运行分析与2013年展望

从全国蚕茧产量、丝绸工业生产、丝绸商品出口、茧丝价格四方面介绍了2012年中国茧丝绸行业运行的基本状况,指出当前茧丝绸行业发展面临的诸如外部需求少、内销市场差、原料价格高、劳动力结构性短缺等问题.提出2013年茧丝绸行业工作重点,为加大行业科技创新支持力度、积极扩大国内丝绸消费、加快推动丝绸文化建设、大力推进丝绸行业生态文明建设、切实增强蚕桑生产活力、保障行业平稳运行提供参考.     

《桑蚕丝织物》国家新标准综述

介绍了新发布并即将实施的<桑蚕丝织物>国家新标准的修订原则、主要修订内容及修订依据、与国际先进国家的有关标准的对比等,有利于我国丝绸行业的生产企业、检验机构、贸易部门等能很好地掌握新标准的主要内容,顺利完成新旧标准的平稳过渡,促进丝绸生产和贸易.     

中国茧丝绸行业2014年运行分析与2015年展望北大核心CSCD

从全国蚕桑生产、丝绸工业生产、丝绸外贸出口、茧丝市场情况,以及行业发展亮点等方面,分析了2014年中国茧丝绸行业运行的基本状况,指出全行业经济运行基本平稳,但新常态下行业发展依然面临诸多挑战,如经济增长逐步减速换档、丝绸内外销形势复杂、丝绸面临多重纤维挑战、企业生产经营艰难、生产要素比较优势削弱、行业节能减排等形势严峻。2015年是"十二五"规划实施的收官之年,也是"十三五"规划承接创新发展的关键之年。面对新常态下的新形势、新情况和新变化,中国茧丝绸行业要从积极开拓内销市场、巩固扩大国际市场、坚持创新驱行业转型升级、主动适应行业经济发展新常态等方面重点开展工作,力争在新的历史阶段实现可持续发展。     

中国茧丝绸行业2014年运行分析与2015年展望

从全国蚕桑生产、丝绸工业生产、丝绸外贸出口、茧丝市场情况,以及行业发展亮点等方面,分析了2014年中国茧丝绸行业运行的基本状况,指出全行业经济运行基本平稳,但新常态下行业发展依然面临诸多挑战,如经济增长逐步减速换档、丝绸内外销形势复杂、丝绸面临多重纤维挑战、企业生产经营艰难、生产要素比较优势削弱、行业节能减排等形势严峻。2015年是"十二五"规划实施的收官之年,也是"十三五"规划承接创新发展的关键之年。面对新常态下的新形势、新情况和新变化,中国茧丝绸行业要从积极开拓内销市场、巩固扩大国际市场、坚持创新驱行业转型升级、主动适应行业经济发展新常态等方面重点开展工作,力争在新的历史阶段实现可持续发展。     

从日本地域经济看中国丝绸发展之路

中国丝绸发展至今,已走过了5000多年风风雨寸的历程.新中国成立后,政府采取发展蚕丝生产,扩大丝绸出口政策,使得丝绸行业迅速发展,并能够在世界市场中起着举足轻重的作用.然而,近十年来,由于丝绸行业技术落后,经济政策的漏洞及销售渠道的混乱,使得中国丝绸市场逐渐疲软.中国加入WTO后,给中国的丝绸纺织行业带来了发展的空间,那么,面临着世界各国的挑战与竞争,如何使得中国丝绸业走出低谷,立于不败之地呢?笔者就日本的地域经济来说说中国丝绸发展之路.     

丝绸企业网络营销的现状及对策

随着科学技术的发展，网络技术的日益成熟，第四媒体——互联网络进入了我们的生活，一个全新的营销理念——网络营销对丝绸行业传统的营销模式带来了巨大的冲击。通过网络调查，结合生产实际分析了丝绸企业网络营销的现状及产生的原因，并根据网络营销的特点，提出了丝绸企业在实施网络营销中应该采取的措施。     

杭州丝绸与女装产业关键技术挖掘与提炼——科技需求分析及政策建议

对丝绸纺织服装企业的技术需求状况进行了梳理.通过权威、公信网站发布的信息,整理分析了江浙沪1 300余家丝绸纺织服装企业在生产制造技术,产品设计开发、企业管理与品牌运作、行业发展4个方面所面临的技术难题.提出丝绸与女装产业提升科技含量、促进自主创新的建议.     

全国各丝绸主产区1997年生产现状及管理工作简况

1997年12月中旬，中国丝绸工业总公司召集各丝绸工业主产区在杭州召开了全国丝绸行业管理办公室主任会议，杨永元总经理和樊迅副总经理出席了会议。会议传达贯彻了中央经济工作会议和全国纺织工作会议精神；樊副总经理作了（坚定信念，开拓进取，努力实现丝绸行业三年整体扭亏目标》的重要讲话（主要精神参见本刊1998年第五期首篇文章）；各丝绸主产区带来了各地丝绸生产情况的信息，交流了行业管理工作中好的经验和好的措施；并就如何实现丝绸行业三年扭亏目标以及进一步推动丝绸行业管理工作进行了探讨。尽管1997年丝绸行业仍在低谷中运行…     

评审侧记

正一、引言为积极推进"一带一路"战略构想,深化区域间的跨界合作与交流创新,扩大对外开放水平,加快促进我国丝绸产业结构调整与转型升级。江苏省丝绸协会(以下简称‘省协会’)积极筹划、实施江苏省丝绸三项评奖活动。近年来,我省涌现了一大批充满活力、创新能力强的丝绸中小企业,他们有的传承发展了传统丝绸品种,有的开拓了丝绸产品新的用途,为古老的江苏丝绸行业注入了新的活力。为激励全省丝绸行业的创新创意积极性,推动我省丝绸行业的创新     

湖北召开丝绸行业生产工作会

湖北省丝绸行业生产工作会议于2月下旬在武汉召开。这次会议的主要任务是:认真贯彻全国纺织厅局长会议和全国重点地区丝绸生产工作会议精神;分析研究我省丝绸行业面临的形势;总结1991年工作的经验教训,布置1992年工作和任务。李思虎经理在总结上年全省工作经验教训时,认为以下几方面做得较好。1.面对市场疲软、产品积压、资金紧张、效益滑坡等严重困难,全省丝绸行业各级领导和3万多职工共同努力,控制了滑坡现象,全省产值、产量、出口     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.