电磁式轴向深孔振动钻削装置的设计与分析

深孔的钻削过程中,经常会产生连续的带状切屑,堵塞在孔内,极易划伤已加工表面或者发生卡钻与断钻事故。设计一种电磁式深孔振动钻削装置,可通过改变交流电的频率和大小调整其钻杆频率与振幅,并与负压抽屑装置配合使用,显著特点是结构简单,振幅与频率调整方便,解决了深孔加工过程中断屑排屑困难的问题,提高深孔的加工质量。     

电磁式深孔振动钻削装置的设计

深孔钻削中,经常会有连续的带状切屑导致断钻事故。设计一种电磁式深孔振动钻削装置,通过改变交流电的频率调整其钻杆频率与振幅,并与负压抽屑装置配合使用,可解决了深孔加工过程中断屑排屑困难的问题,并提高深孔的加工质量。     

深孔加工振动断屑装置设计

针对深孔加工过程中切屑形态不稳定所形成的排屑不畅问题,基于振动钻削理论,设计振动断屑装置,有效控制切削形态,保证顺利排屑。通过给刀具施加轴向周期振动,振动断屑装置可实现变切厚钻削和钻头轴向振动,使切屑易断,并在一定程度上提高了表面加工质量。通过实验探究了切屑形态与切削参数的关系,分析了振动断屑装置的最佳工作参数。     

深孔加工轴向振动装置设计

深孔加工在孔加工中占有较大的比重,深孔加工技术的难点之一是连续自动排屑。本文基于振动钻削机理,结合现有轴向振动钻削装置,在此基础上进行改进,设计了一套轴向振动装置。装置中使用压电陶瓷致动器有效地避免了机械传动所产生振动的不稳定性。基于Deform-3D软件对轴向振动钻削进行切屑模拟实验,并通过实验验证了轴向振动钻削较普通钻削而言在断屑方面及孔表面质量方面所具有的优势。     

高温合金振动钻削断屑实验研究及机理分析

对振动钻削理论进行了分析,建立了振动钻削时断屑的数学模型,利用自制的振动钻削实验装置,采用不同的振动钻削参数进行高温合金振动钻削试验,对轴向振动钻削的断屑效果以及轴向钻削力和扭矩进行了研究,分析了各加工参数对加工过程的影响,发现振动钻削力随钻削参数的变化比较平稳,在大进给量或高转速状态下,振动钻削的钻削力比普通钻削力小得多。通过比较振动钻削与普通钻削所得切屑可知:振动钻削有利于断屑,切屑体积小,排屑顺畅。     

变进给量振动钻削断屑的研究

应用压电陶瓷振动钻削装置,采用变进给量振动钻削的方法加工微孔。通过理论分析得出:变进给量振动钻削有利于断屑,使切屑体积小,排屑顺畅。实验中选取黄铜作为加工材料,通过改变进给量进行孔径0.5mm的分组钻削实验。将实验所得的切屑与普通钻削所得的切屑比较可知,变进给量振动钻削所得切屑长度远远小于普通钻削的切屑长度,说明变进给量振动钻削优于普通钻削。     

超声轴向振动钻削断屑机理分析与试验研究

基于振动钻削原理对振动断屑机理进行了研究,建立了振动钻削数学模型,并分析了轴向动态切削厚度变化规律及保证断屑时所需的振幅条件。在设计的超声轴向振动钻削试验装置上进行了深小孔超声振动钻削与普通钻削的对比试验。试验结果表明与普通钻削相比,振动钻削加工得到的孔具有较小的扩孔量和较好的断屑、排屑效果。     

低频振动钻削CFRP/钛合金叠层材料试验研究

在叠层材料一体化制孔过程中,CFRP制孔质量极易受到钛合金切屑排出的影响,出现入口撕裂、孔径超差等加工缺陷。为了提高叠层材料的制孔质量,本文分析了振动钻削的运动学特征,确定了理论最小断屑振幅,通过低频振动钻削和传统钻削叠层材料的对比试验重点探讨了不同振幅参数对切削力、切削温度以及制孔质量的影响。结果表明:随着振幅增大,钻削平均轴向力小幅下降,最大轴向力呈现上升趋势;当振幅大于最小断屑振幅时,低频振动钻削在实现有效断屑排屑的同时能够显著降低切削温度,提高孔壁质量和孔径精度;CFRP入口撕裂受振幅的影响最为明显,加工振幅过大会导致入口撕裂的扩大;当振幅为30μm时,入口撕裂区域最小,孔壁粗糙度达到R_a2.16μm,叠层材料总体制孔质量最好,切削温度同时降低了20.8%。     

基于DEFORM-3D轴向振动钻削304不锈钢有限元仿真

难加工材料微小孔钻削过程中存在钻削力大、断屑难及钻削温度高等加工问题,而轴向振动钻削方法可以解决此类问题。基于轴向振动钻削机理,对轴向振动钻削的运动特性和变厚切削特性进行了分析。通过DEFORM-3D软件建立了轴向振动钻削有限元模型,对304不锈钢进行了振动频率为550 Hz,振幅为16μm,转速为3 000 r/min,进给量为50μm/r的轴向振动钻削和普通钻削仿真试验,对比分析了两种加工过程中的切屑形态、轴向力和扭矩等。结果表明：与普通钻削相比,轴向振动钻削具有更好的断屑效果,可以降低平均轴向力约48.1%,降低平均扭矩约38.2%。     

钳工操作中深孔的钻削实践分析与改进

在金属切削加工过程中,钻削深孔一直是个难题,尤其是加工精度难以保证。深孔钻削的关键是解决断屑、排屑问题。从教学角度结合实践操作,针对钻削深孔加工存在的问题,设计了一种新型的内排屑深孔钻头。以钻头的结构和刃磨特点为切入点,结合生产实践进行了振动钻削实验,实现了断屑、排屑的流畅,达到了钻头应具备的良好性能。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...