国内模具钢的市场前景及生产现状

本文简要介绍了我国模具工业及模具钢的市场概况，分析了我国近几年的模具钢的生产现状及市场前景，探讨了发展我国模具钢的发展思路及策略。     

国内模具钢的研究与开发状况

根据国内模具市场的需求,介绍了模具钢市场的发展概况、生产与技术状况,并对我国模具钢的研究、开发提出一些建议。     

国内外模具钢生产现状及发展

介绍了国内外模具钢生产与发展的现状，并对目前国内外模具钢的应用状况进行分析比较，提出我国模具钢生产存在的问题以及与国际模具钢水平的差距，探讨了我国模具钢生产发展的思路与策略。     

模具钢的现状与发展和趋势

模具钢是制造模具的材料,其现状与发展反映了一个国家的工业水平.本文介绍国内外模具钢常用钢号及模具钢的发展概况,简述了国内模具钢生产、应用方面存在的主要问题及近期发展的重点与目标.     

模具钢的现状与发展趋势

模具钢是制造模具的材料,其现状与发展反映了一个国家的工业水平。本文介绍国内外模具钢常用钢号及模具钢的发展概况,简述了国内模具钢生产、应用方面存在的主要问题及近期发展的重点与目标。 1.国外模具钢的现状与发展 工业发达国家的冷作模具钢、热作模具钢、塑料模具钢种类比较齐全,并已形成系     

模具钢的发展现状

本文概述了欧美和日本模具工业和模具钢的现状和发展，同时介绍了和分析了我国模具钢的生产工艺，产量和质量。     

国内外模具钢产品的进展

系统地分析了我国模具钢产品的市场前景。介绍了国内外塑料模具钢、高纯净度模具钢、高等 向性模具钢以及模具钢品种的进展和新型高性能模具钢的开发。     

国内外模具钢的概况

从模具成型的发展趋势入手，引伸到模具钢的发展，着重论述了国内外模具钢技术标准的对比，部分新钢种的研制、技术装备情况的介绍。并进一步提出我国模具钢发展的建议。     

国内热作模具钢发展概况

前言 随着国内外工业技术的迅速发展和不断提高，模具的应用越来越广泛，如金属材料制品、塑料制品、陶瓷制品、橡胶制品、建材制品、耐火材料制品等大部分都采用模具成型。采用模具成型具有生产效率高、材料利用率高、降低产品生产成本等特点。目前模具钢已发展成三大系列即冷作模具钢、热作模具钢、塑料模具钢，本文仅对热作模具钢的发展概况进行阐述。     

稀土在工模具钢中的应用

本文介绍了国内外稀土在工模具钢中的研究和应用概况,并叙述了对其性能影响的最新观点和结果,是迄今该领域的较详细的资料。     

国内外热作模具钢的研究进展

介绍了国内外传统和新型热锻、热挤压和压铸用热作模具,以及特殊用途热作模具的钢种和特点;热作模具钢热处理和表面处理技术的研究进展。提高模具钢纯净度、均匀和细化组织,用计算机模拟技术开发热作模具钢新钢种是目前提高热作模具钢寿命的重要方法。     

模具钢的基本系列及新发展

以美国金属学会（ＡＳＭ）的推荐方案为主线，简要介绍发达国家模具钢的基本系列及近期的主要发展，并与国内现状对照，从比较中研讨了国内模具材料选用及开发中应注意的问题。     

Alloying Design for High Wear-Resistant Cast Hot-Forging Die Steels

The alloying design of cast hot-forging die steels was analyzed. The relationship of the life of cast hot-forging dies with the failure patterns was studied. The thermal wear resistance was believed to be the key property for the alloying design of cast hot-forging die steels. The alloying design parameters were selected and optimized for the cast hot-forging die steel with high wear resistance. The wear resistance of the optimized cast die steel was evaluated in comparison with commercial H13 steels and 3Cr2WSV steel. In the new cast hot-forging die steel, VC is predominant carbide with Cr and Mo as the main solution elements in α-Fe. It is found that the cast die steel has significantly lower wear rate than normal H13 steel and 3Cr2W8V steel, almost the same as that of high purity H13 steel. The high wear resistance of the new cast hot-forging die steel can be attributed to its reasonable alloying design and nonsensibility to the detrimental function of S and P.     

白钨矿和氧化钼冶炼工模具钢技术

论述了白钨矿和氧化钼直接合金化冶炼工模具钢的重要意义 ,提出了直接合金化的基本原则。开发的白钨矿和氧化钼直接合金化相关技术 ,效益显著 ,有良好的应用前景。     

Reindustrialization principles in the heat treatment of die steels

The reindustrialization of production is considered. As an example, a working model is developed for the heat-treatment equipment used in the production of dies made from special steels. In reindustrialization, productive capacity that has been lost or has grown outdated during deindustrialization must be restored or modernized. Heat treatment is of particular importance since it is part of the manufacture and restoration of most tools. Modern Russian equipment permits high-quality heat treatment of many special steels so as to ensure the required mechanical properties. All the basic groups of die steels are considered in terms of their performance: steel of increased wear resistance; secondary-hardening crumple-resistant steel; steel with elevated impact strength; steel of moderate thermostability and high ductility; steel of elevated thermostability and ductility; and steel of high thermostability. The requirements on the properties of these groups are analyzed, and possible means of attaining those properties by heat treatment are identified. By comparing the specific purpose of die steels, their required properties, and the possible means of attaining those properties by heat treatment, the appropriate equipment is chosen. Modern Russian equipment permits high-quality heat treatment of die steels so as to ensure the required mechanical properties. At present, it is important to create production systems that incorporate the vast wealth of Russian specialists’ accumulated experience and the best available technologies. This is a very complex problem, in both engineering and economic terms.     

我国塑料模具钢的新近进展

系统地综述了我国塑料模具钢研制开发的新近进展，介绍了新型塑料模具钢的化学成分、性能和应用，并对我国塑料模具钢今后的发展提出了建议。     

D2、M2、S5模具扁钢脱碳特性实验研究

开展了在空气和氮气两种气氛下,采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机与普通电炉两种热方式、不同加热温度、加热时间对D2、M2、S5钢脱碳层深度影响的试验研究。依据试验结果,结合现场实际制定了较为合理的生产工艺并在现场成功应用,使上述模具扁钢脱碳层指标达到了美国ASTM－A681技术标准。     

国内外易切削钢的现状和研究进展

易切削钢比普通碳素钢有较好的切削性能和更好的产品表面光洁度。随着自动化加工工业和汽车工业的发展,易切削钢的使用量不断增加。目前,国外普遍采用电弧炉二次精炼连铸流程生产易切削钢。工业化国家切削钢已形成标准化系列产品,并伴随连铸技术的广泛采用,使易切削钢具有均匀的切削性能。现有易切削钢种为易切削碳钢、渗碳钢、调质钢和不锈钢,并不断将易切削钢扩展到诸如模具钢、高锰钢、耐热钢、高工钢等钢类。在分析国内外易切削钢发展的基础上,讨论了易切削钢生产工艺、钢种的发展方向。     

Effect of Alloying Elements on Thermal Wear of Cast Hot-Forging Die Steels

The effect of main alloying elements on thermal wear of cast hot-forging die steels was studied. The wear mechanism was discussed. The results show that alloying elements have significant influences on the thermal wear of cast hot-forging die steels. The wear rates decrease with an increase in chromium content from 3% to 4% and molybdenum content from 2% to 3%, respectively. With further increase of chromium and molybdenum contents, chromium slightly reduces the wear resistance and molybdenum severely deteriorates the wear resistance with high wear rate. Lower vanadium/carbon ratio （1.5-2.5） leads to a lower wear resistance with higher wear rate. With an increase in vanadium/carbon ratio, the wear resistance of the cast steel substantially increases. When vanadium/carbon ratio is 3, the wear rate reaches the lowest value. The predominant mechanism of thermal wear of cast hot-forging die steels are oxidation wear and fatigue delamination. The Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 or lumps of brittle wear debris are formed on the wear surface.     

Structure and properties of powder austenitic die steels

Possibilities are considered for using powder metallurgy in order to prepare effective austenitic die steels exhibiting high hardness and heat resistance (at temperatures not less than 850 °C). It is shown that in strength properties the material developed are as good as the best austenitic steels used as die tools, and in the level of heat resistance and hardness at room temperature they a considerably better. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 7–8(450), pp. 26–30, July–August, 2006.