共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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《材料科学与工程学报》2020,(3)
提高气体选择性是半导体金属氧化物气敏材料研究的关键问题。本文采用微波法制备了纳米ZnO,进一步对其进行了外电场极化处理,研究极化效应对纳米氧化锌性能的影响规律及机制。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及拉曼光谱仪(Raman)对产物的结构、微观形貌、拉曼活性等进行了表征,测定了其在乙醇、丙酮气氛中的气敏特性。结果表明,外电场极化导致ZnO在438cm~(-1)处的拉曼特征峰强度明显降低。随着极化时间延长,纳米ZnO气敏元件在丙酮气体中的灵敏度逐渐升高,在乙醇气体中的灵敏度逐渐降低,外电场极化提高了纳米ZnO对乙醇和丙酮气体的选择性。 相似文献
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静电纺丝技术由于简单的装置和制备过程,以及所使用材料的多样和应用领域的广泛,被认为是制备纳米纤维材料最具发展潜力的方法.简述了静电纺丝技术和影响纺丝质量的相关因素;介绍了静电纺丝制备半导体氧化物纳米纤维的方法及纳米纤维在气体传感器领域的应用;比较了几种纳米纤维和纳米线纳米棒等气敏元件的敏感特性;最后分析了纳米纤维具有优... 相似文献
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以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和NaOH为原料,CTAB为表面活性剂,通过微波辅助液相反应过程在低温下成功地制备了ZnO纳米棒.X射线衍射谱和扫描电镜结果表明,产物是六方纤锌矿结构ZnO纳米棒,长度为5~30μm,直径为0.1~1μm.气敏性能测试表明,所制备的ZnO纳米棒对H2S气体具有较好的选择性,但灵敏度不高.对ZnO纳米棒进行In掺杂后,对H2S气体的灵敏度和选择性大幅提高,在工作温度为332℃时,对体积分数为50X10-5的H2S灵敏度为29.217,说明In掺杂的ZnO纳米棒是有潜力的探测H2S气体的气敏传感器材料. 相似文献
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本文简要介绍了国内外半导体气体传感器的生产情况,评述了半导体气体传感器目前发展动向。认为超微粒技术、L-B 膜技术对促进气敏技术很有意义。本文还强调气敏基础研究的重要性,提出从表面和催化伪度出发研究气敏材料是有意义的,并讨论了催化和气敏的关系。 相似文献
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Ming-Ru Yu Gobalakrishnan Suyambrakasam Ren-Jang Wu Murthy Chavali 《Materials Research Bulletin》2012,47(7):1713-1718
A semiconductor ethanol sensor was developed using ZnO–CuO and its performance was evaluated at room temperature. Hetero-junction sensor was made of ZnO–CuO nanoparticles for sensing alcohol at room temperature. Nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method and optimized with different weight ratios. Sensor characteristics were linear for the concentration range of 150–250 ppm. Composite materials of ZnO–CuO were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). ZnO–CuO (1:1) material showed maximum sensor response (S = Rair/Ralcohol) of 3.32 ± 0.1 toward 200 ppm of alcohol vapor at room temperature. The response and recovery times were measured to be 62 and 83 s, respectively. The linearity R2 of the sensor response was 0.9026. The sensing materials ZnO–CuO (1:1) provide a simple, rapid and highly sensitive alcohol gas sensor operating at room temperature. 相似文献
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ZnO薄膜应用的最新研究进展 总被引:29,自引:3,他引:26
ZnO是一种新型的Ⅱ-Ⅵ族半导体材料。详细介绍了ZnO薄膜在太阳能电池、表面声波器件、气敏元件、压敏器件等领域的应用以及在紫外探测器、LED、LD等潜在应用领域研究开发的最新进展。 相似文献
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Tran Viet Cuong Jin Suk Chung Dae Hwang Yoo Jeung Soo Huh Eui Jung Kim Seung Hyun Hur Paul A. Kohl 《Materials Letters》2010,64(22):2479-17365
We report a solution-processed gas sensor based on vertically aligned ZnO nanorods (NRs) on a chemically converted graphene (CCG) film. The prepared sensor device effectively detected 2 ppm of H2S in oxygen at room temperature. A high sensitivity of the gas sensor resulted from the growth of highly dense vertical ZnO NRs on the CCG film with numerous tiny white dots on its surface, which may provide a sufficient number of sites for the nucleation and growth of the ZnO NRs. The adsorption of oxygen on the surface of the ZnO NRs was found to be crucial for obtaining an excellent gas sensing performance of the ZnO NRs-CCG sensor. 相似文献
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We present a sensor fabricated by simply casting ZnO nanorods on a microelectrodes array for chemical gas detection at room temperature. The ammonia and ethanol gas sensing characteristics were carefully investigated. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity for both ammonia and ethanol gases. The response and recover time are less than 20 seconds, respectively. Present results demonstrate the potential application of ZnO nanorods for fabricating highly sensitive gas sensors. 相似文献
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《Materials Letters》2007,61(14-15):3179-3184
Via electrochemical deposition, nanosized zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) is prepared within a template of mesoporous silica (MPS) film fabricated on a conductive substrate. Enhanced dark current from the nano-ZnO in MPS film is obtained because nano-ZnO is located in the nanosized pores of MPS. Most of the nano-ZnO surface is prevented from contacting ambient oxygen, and the combination of oxygen with free electrons of this n-type semiconductor is avoided; thus the free electrons increase the conductivity. Photodetection to ultraviolet (UV) light is examined at the exciting wavelength of 365 nm. The photocurrent with fast growing and decay times is observed due to the photo-generated holes being trapped at the interface between ZnO and pore walls of MPS film, while producing the photocurrent by photo-generated electrons. Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of nano-ZnO in MPS film at room temperature shows increased amount of oxygen vacancies in these nano-ZnO, which might contribute to the conductivity. 相似文献
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p型半导体金属氧化物作为气敏材料具备响应快速、选择性高的特点,用于气体传感器的制备与开发。静电纺丝法可制备具有丰富气体吸附位点的网状结构材料,增强材料的气体敏感特性。以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、四水合乙酸镍为原料,采用静电纺丝法制备具有网状纤维结构的p型半导体氧化镍。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱和比表面积测试等分析技术对材料的结构、形貌、组成和比表面等性能进行表征,并对其气敏性能进行测定,考察煅烧温度对材料气敏性能的影响。结果表明:煅烧温度为500℃时获得的氧化镍组装成气体传感器,在工作温度为250℃时,该元件对50mg/L丙酮气体表现出快速响应特性(响应时间为5s)、良好选择性和稳定性。 相似文献
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α-Fe(2)O(3)@ZnO core-shell nanospindles were synthesized via a two-step hydrothermal approach, and characterized by means of SEM/TEM/XRD/XPS. The ZnO shell coated on the nanospindles has a thickness of 10-15 nm. Considering that both α-Fe(2)O(3) and ZnO are good sensing materials, we have investigated the gas sensing performances of the core-shell nanocomposite using ethanol as the main probe gas. It is interesting to find that the gas sensor properties of the core-shell nanospindles are significantly enhanced compared with pristine α-Fe(2)O(3). The enhanced sensor properties are attributed to the unique core-shell nanostructure. The detailed sensing mechanism is discussed with respect to the energy band structure and the electron depletion theory. The core-shell nanostructure reported in this work provides a new path to fabricate highly sensitive materials for gas sensing applications. 相似文献
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CuO-ZnO异质结半导体陶瓷气敏机理的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
CuO-ZnO异质结气敏传感器是一种新型的气敏传感器,它有成本低,工艺简单、检测方便等众多优点,本工作主要研究了CuO和ZnO不同比例情况下,该传感器的气敏性能。测试了它的阻温特性及在不同温度,不同气氛条件下器件的灵敏度,并从理论上对测试结果及敏感机理进行了分析和讨论。 相似文献