锂离子电池材料Li4Ti5O12的合成

在锂醇盐的乙醇和乙酰丙酮混合溶液中,恒流为0.2A电解钛片6h,制得复合氧化物纳米粉体Li4Ti5O12的前驱体Li4Ti5(OEt)(24-n)(acac)n (acac为乙酰丙酮基).控制pH ≈ 8.5直接水解得到凝胶,凝胶经洗涤、干燥24h后,在600℃加热2h制得纳米Li4Ti5O12粉体.产物通过红外光谱(FT-IR)电子透射显微镜(TEM)进行表征.实验表明,水解后的干凝胶粒径10~15nm,纳米Li4Ti5O12粉体粒径15~20nm.     

金属醇盐水解法制备电池材料LiNiO2

为制备电池jF极材料LiNiO2,采用了金属醇盐水解法.其过程为向80mL乙醇和1mL乙酰丙酮混合溶液中加入0.27g锂片,采用金属阳极溶解法控制电流为0.2A电解镍片6h,制得纳米LiNiO2前驱体.将电解液控制pH-9.0直接水解形成凝胶,经洗涤、干燥后在500℃煅烧2h,制得纳米LiNiO2粉体.产物通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、电子透射显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)进行表征.结果表明.所得前驱体结构为LiNi(OEt)(4-n)(acac)n(acac为乙酰丙酮基);干凝胶500℃煅烧后所得纳米LiNiO2粉体的粒径为25～35nm.     

纳米邻苯二甲酸铅的制备及其对双基推进剂燃烧催化的研究

以邻苯二甲酸氢钾和乙酸铅为原料,采用超声液相分散沉淀法制备了纳米邻苯二甲酸铅粉体。研究了反应温度、反应物浓度以及分散剂用量对配合物粒径的影响。在反应物浓度为0.4mol·L-1、反应温度为10℃、分散剂用量为8%(v/v)时,制得平均粒径为43nm的纳米邻苯二甲酸铅。通过研究纳米邻苯二甲酸铅对双基推进剂燃烧的催化作用,发现纳米邻苯二甲酸铅在2～22MPa范围内能提高双基推进剂的燃速,且使双基推进剂在6～10MPa范围内出现较强的麦撒燃烧效应。与普通邻苯二甲酸铅催化剂相比,纳米邻苯二甲酸铅使双基推进剂燃速高于含普通邻苯二甲酸铅的双基推进剂的燃速,且在6～10MPa范围内压力指数更低。     

纳米CuO的制备及其对双基发射药压力指数的影响

以NH4HCO3为沉淀剂，采用沉淀法制备了纳米CuO.采用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、扫描电镜（SEM）等测试手段对产物进行了表征，并采用定容燃烧试验，考察了纳米CuO添加到双基发射药中对燃烧性能的影响。结果表明，制得的纳米CuO为球形，粒径为10—15nm，具有较好的分散性；纳米CuO加入到双基药中，发射药的燃烧性能有明显的变化，其压力指数由0．9329降低至0．8539；纳米CuO降低压力指数的效果好于普通试剂CuO。     

液相化学法制备纳米铝粉及其表征

为了得到微结构可控的纳米铝粉,尝试用液相化学法制备纳米铝粉,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对其进行表征。研究了原料摩尔比、催化剂用量和分解温度对铝粉形貌、粒径和组成的影响。在此基础上,优化出最佳制备工艺参数,当AlCl₃∶LiAlH₄摩尔比为1∶6,催化剂用量为0.04 mL,分解温度为110 ℃时,制得的纳米铝粉为类球形,平均粒径约为50 nm,杂质Cl、Ti含量少。     

在乙二醇溶液中制备金属氧化物催化剂

在50mL圆底烧瓶中,通过乙二醇溶液制备了铁配合物Fe(OCH2CH2OH)3,将溶液直接水解制备出纳米Fe2O3粉体.通过红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振对产物Fe(OCH2CH2OH)3进行表征,通过x射线粉末衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对纳米Fe2O3进行表征.实验表明,前驱体中含有OCH2CH2OH基团,可以有效克服水解与煅烧过程中的团聚现象.经450℃煅烧2h得到的纳米Fe2O3粉体颗粒分散较好,粒径为20～35nm.     

纳米固体酸催化一硝基氯苯区域选择性合成

采用纳米化学技术制备了新型的纳米复合固体超强酸催化剂Fe2O3/SO42-,并用XRD、TEM进行了表征。结果表明:所研制的Fe2O3/SO42-催化剂为晶态纳米粒子,平均粒径为40 nm,分散性较好;以Fe2O3/SO42-为催化剂时,氯苯硝化的区域选择性和活性提高。最佳反应条件为:催化剂活化温度600℃,反应温度50℃,n(硝酸)/n(氯苯)=3.5,m(氯苯)/m(催化剂)=20,反应时间6 h,产物收率为78.7%,对位一硝基氯苯与邻位一硝基氯苯之比(P/O)可达4.8。     

不同晶型的纳米TiO2粉体的低温制备及光催化性能研究

采用TiCl4水解法制备了锐钛矿和金红石型的纳米TiO2,用XRD和TEM对粉体的晶体结构和表面形貌进行了表征。在400～1 000℃之间对锐钛矿型TiO2进行煅烧,分析了不同温度处理后样品的晶体结构和光催化活性的变化。结果表明:以TiCl4为前驱体,在90℃时水解制得的锐钛矿型纳米TiO2在600～～800℃之间开始向金红石型转变,在800℃时全部转变为金红石型纳米TiO2;600℃煅烧处理后的纳米TiO2具有最好的光催化活性,光照3 h后对甲基橙的降解率可以达到86.96%。     

纳米CoFe2O4的制备及对AP热分解的催化

采用油/水界面间的化学共沉淀反应制备了纳米CoFe2O4前驱体,并运用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了纳米CoFe2O4前驱体的热分解特性,利用XRD,TEM对不同温度煅烧生成的纳米CoFe2O4进行了表征,采用DSC研究了不同含量纳米CoFe2O4对高氯酸铵(AP)热分解的催化影响.结果表明:300 ℃左右尖晶石型CoFe2O4已开始形成,随温度升高,晶化趋于完全,而粒子的晶粒度逐渐增大,500 ℃下可获得粒径较小、结晶良好的尖晶石型纳米CoFe2O4;在AP中添加纳米CoFe2O4后,可使AP在较低温度下发生热分解,并且对AP热分解的催化作用随其含量增加而增强.     

制备工艺对Ni-TiN纳米镀层晶体结构及耐腐蚀性能的影响

分别采用电沉积法、超声波-电沉积法及电磁场-超声波场-电沉积方法制得Ni-TiN纳米镀层,利用原子力显微镜(AFM)、高分辨率透射电镜(HRTEM)及电化学综合测试仪对纳米镀层的晶体结构和耐腐蚀性能进行研究。结果表明,采用ED,USED和MUSED制备Ni-TiN纳米镀层的均方根表面粗糙度为181.74,114.65,58.18 nm;MUSED制备的镀层中,镍晶粒和TiN粒子的平均粒径为45.9,28.3 nm。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Design and Implementation of One Missile Visual Simulation System Based on OpenGL

The implementation of a missile＇s visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL（open graphic library） and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile＇s data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Dynamic Encryption Technology in Ad-hoc Networks

A new dynamic encryption application in ad-hoc networks is proposed. The advantages of this method are its being able to use the previous ciphertext as a seed of a new encryption process, rendering the encryption process effective in all communication process by continuous dynamic key generation together with synchronization, and its capability to cut back on system bandages to a greater extent, which is valuable for the ad-hoc circumstance. In addition, the rationality and effectiveness of this novel encryption method have been verified by the test results.