基于双向压力模型的多源应用层组播拥塞控制方案

相比传统组播模式,多源应用层组播能用更少的网络资源实现多方交互式应用.但组播特性、应用层环境以及多源属性均会使得多源应用层组播的拥塞问题变得更加严重.因此,提出一种基于双向压力模型的多源应用层组播拥塞控制方案,该方案采用正反压的方式来避免组播流在节点上产生拥塞,并同时采用基于权重的缓冲转移策略来保证同一组内所有数据源的组播流在共享节点上公平地占用缓冲和带宽资源,并进一步讨论了环形拥塞问题的严重性和解决办法.PlanetLab实验网评测结果表明,该方案在实现多源应用层组播拥塞控制的同时,能够协调不同组播流的流量,实现其公平性和可扩展性.     

一种TCP友好的多媒体流分层组播拥塞控制算法

针对当前多媒体流分层组播拥塞控制方案的不足,提出一种改进的接收者驱动的分层组播拥塞控制算法,并给出了详细的设计方案。算法借助AIMD算法具有的良好TCP兼容性保证组播流与TCP流的友好性;利用基于历史记录动态调整接收端加入某层等待时间的策略解决因过多失败的“加入”尝试带来的网络拥塞和振荡问题。通过实验证实了算法的有效性。     

LTE-A网络中基于动态组的有效的身份认证和密钥协商方案

机器类通信（MTC）作为未来移动通信中的通信方法之一,在物联网（IoT）中是一种重要的移动通信方法。当大量MTC设备同时想要访问网络时,每个MTC设备需要执行独立的身份认证,而这会导致网络拥塞。为了解决MTC设备在认证时的网络拥塞问题并提高其密钥协商的安全性,在LTE-A网络中提出了一种基于动态组的有效身份认证和密钥协商方案。该方案基于对称二次多项式,可以同时认证大量的MTC设备,并使这些设备分别与网络建立独立的会话密钥。该方案支持多次组认证,并且提供访问策略的更新。带宽分析表明,相较于基于线性多项式的方案,所提方案传输时的带宽消耗得到了优化：在家庭网络（HN）中的MTC设备与服务网络（SN）之间每次组认证传输带宽减少了132 bit,在HN内MTC设备之间的认证传输带宽减少了18.2%。安全性分析和实验结果表明,该方案在实际的身份认证和会话密钥建立中是安全的,能够有效避免网络中的信令拥塞。     

基于树链认证的一种组播源认证方案

简要介绍了现存的组播源认证方案,指出其优点和缺点。同时,基于树链认证技术提出了一种新的组播源认证方案,该方案中,不同数据块的摘要之间采用类似于T-CSA的方法串联起来,扩展了T-CSA的优越性,减少了延迟;而且随着数据流的不断增大,数据包的平均认证代价呈下降趋势,这对于资源有限的成员机器来讲非常重要。     

面向服务和信息的网络体系结构——SIONA

随着网络需求的改变,信息中心网络ICN(Information Centric Networking)被提出,目前提出的ICN方案基本存在可扩展和部署难的问题.文中提出了一种新的面向服务和信息的网络体系结构SIONA.采用了IP地址加信息内容的Hash值作为信息名字,支持缓存加多源组播的路由模式,阐述了路由器反馈接收端驱动的多窗口的拥塞控制协议.IP地址作为信息名字的前缀,不仅支持IP地址的路由,而且解决了ICN的可扩展和部署难问题,保证了SIONA仍具有IP网络的可扩展能力.而多源组播路由协议和拥塞控制协议的提出保证了SIONA更高效、更稳定和更公平的传输.文中模拟了多源分块路由算法和拥塞控制算法.通过分析和模拟,SIONA不仅具有良好的可扩展性,而且更具高效性、安全性和易部署性.     

应用层组播共享拥塞链路消除算法

应用层组播网络由于是构造在基础网络之上的覆盖网络，因此在应用层组播路由中产生了共享拥塞链路问题。根据共享拥塞链路的不同特点，提出了一种新的基于组播会话流而改变组播树拓扑结构的应用层组播树生成算法，消除组播树中的共享拥塞链路。仿真实验表明，与基于延迟或带宽的同类路由算法相比，此算法在综合考虑组播树的带宽利用率和延迟条件下具有更好的性能。     

负载均衡的聚合组播技术研究

聚合组播技术是近年来针对组播状态可扩展性问题提出的热点方案,但现有的聚合组播算法和协议缺乏网络流量的负载均衡机制,使网络整体利用效率下降,并容易因聚合产生拥塞。为此,提出一种基于负载均衡的聚合组播协议AMPLB,仿真结果表明其在保证聚合性能的同时使网络流量分布更加均衡,降低出现拥塞的风险,可较好地改善大规模组播网络的性能。     

基于DiffServ的分层组播拥塞控制机制

nternet多媒体业务的发展使得网络异构性问题更加突出,它对传统组播拥塞控制提出了新的要求,分层组播是适应网络异构性的一种有效方案.为了克服传统分层组播质量不稳定、控制复杂、纽播树变动频繁等问题,提出了一种基于区分服务的分层组播拥塞控制机制LMCC.它在考虑预约带宽公平性的前提下进行分组标记和转发,适应了网络异构性.算法性能分析表明LMCC机制具有较快的拥塞响应速度、较好的稳定性、TCP友好性和较低的丢报率.     

基于PID控制的组播拥塞控制算法

针对计算机高速互联网中组播流的速率调节问题,在单点对多点的组播流量模型基础上,设计了一种由发送方驱动的单速率组播拥塞控制器PID控制方案,运用Schur-Cohn判据和Routh-Hurwitz稳定性分析方法对其稳定性进行着重分析.通过分析证明系统具有较好的性能.求出了控制参数通式,便于根据不同参数另行设计出不同网络环境及拓扑结构下的控制器,形成一类较广泛的拥塞控制方案.     

基于模糊逻辑和路由器辅助的MCC算法

针对端到端组播拥塞控制的局限性,提出一种基于模糊逻辑和路由器辅助的组播拥塞控制算法FLRA-MCC。在FLRA-MCC中,主动路由器实时监测网络状态,利用模糊逻辑计算缓冲区调节因子a,从而自动调节缓冲区大小以缓解拥塞,并且只在发生较重拥塞时,才向源端反馈拥塞信息以通知源端减小发送速率。仿真结果表明,该算法能够保证网络吞吐量的稳定性,较好地吸收突发流,同时以更小的丢包率传输数据。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.