医用诊断X射线辐射源空气比释动能率测量结果不确定度评定

医用诊断X射线辐射源是一种医院临床诊断和治疗中广泛使用的强制检定计量器具。文章采用9206E型医用诊断X射线辐射源检定装置作为主标准器,依据JJG 744—2004 《医用诊断X射线辐射源检定规程》、JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》对X射线辐射源空气比释动能率测量结果不确定度进行评定,以确定其测量结果的准确性。     

医用诊断X辐射源辐射输出的空气比释动能率测量不确定度评定

一、概述 1.测量标准和设备 依据JJG744-2004<医用诊断X射线辐射源>检定规程,在规定的测最条件下,使用不确定度小于5%的医用诊断X射线辐射源检定装置(其配套设备有非介入电压表、非介入电流表、半值层仪、星卡、分辨力卡、空盒气压表等),对工作级医用诊断X射线辐射源进行检定.     

医用诊断X射线辐射源不确定度评定

本文主要介绍医用诊断X射线辐射源不确定度的评定.     

半导体型剂量计检定医用诊断X射线辐射源的不确定度分析

医用诊断X射线辐射源的输出空气比释动能率是其一个重要的性能指标,其量值是否符合要求关系到医患双方的人身安全和诊断结果的可靠性.现代计量检定中.半导体型剂量计有取代传统电离室型剂量计的趋势,本文对半导体型剂量计检定医用诊断X射线辐射源的不确定度进行了分析.     

医用诊断X射线辐射源空气比释动能率测量结果的不确定度评定

本文主要对医用诊断X射线辐射源空气比释动能率的测量结果进行测量不确定进行分析评定。     

医用诊断（CT）X射线辐射源剂量指数测量值不确定度的评定

本文介绍了医用诊断（CT）X射线辐射源剂量指数测量结果不确定度的评定及表达方式。     

医用诊断X射线辐射源(管电压参数)实际峰值管电压测量值不确定度评定

本文对医用诊断X射线辐射源(管电压参数)实际峰值管电压测量值进行了不确定度评定分析。     

医用诊断X射线辐射源焦点测量放大倍率的确定

医用诊断X射线辐射源是国家强制检定的计量器具,必须进行强制检定.由于医用诊断X射线辐射源所提供的最终产品是影像,通过影像为医疗诊断提供依据,因此,影像的清晰度与分辨力成为评价影像质量的重要因素.X射线管焦点的大小直接影响影像的清晰度与分辨力.     

医用诊断X射线辐射源空气比释动能率测量结果不确定度评定

一、概述1.测量依据JJG744-2004《医用诊断X射线辐射源》检定规程。2.环境条件检定的环境温度是诊断X射线机的常规使用条件,相对湿度:<85%。3.测量标准剂量计和电离室的不确定度Urel=2.0%,包含因子kp=2。4.被测对象医用诊断X射线辐射源空气比释动能率,X射线管的峰值电压范围为(30～150)kV,空气比释动能的不确     

医用CT机(X射线)辐射源检定装置的技术改造

依据国家计量检定规程JJG 961-2017《医用诊断螺旋计算机断层摄影装置(CT)X射线辐射源》,对医用CT机(X射线)辐射源检定装置进行技术改造。更新计量标准器以及主要配套设备,以减小装置的不确定度,提高测量结果的准确性和工作效率。技术改造后医用CT机(X射线)辐射源检定装置满足国家计量检定规程对计量标准的技术要求,达到预期的目标。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。