3,3-二硝基氮杂环丁烷的Mannich反应研究

３，３二硝基氮杂环丁烷分别与三硝基乙醇，２，２二硝基１，３丙二醇及１，１二硝基乙烷钾进行Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应，合成了１（２′，２′，２′三硝基乙基）３，３二硝基氮杂环丁烷，１，３二（３′，３′二硝基氮杂环丁烷）２，２二硝基丙烷及１（３′，３′二硝基氮杂环丁烷）２，２二硝基丙烷。通过红外、核磁、元素分析对其结构进行了表征     

3,3-二硝基氮杂环丁烷及其复盐的合成

采用１－叔丁基－３，３－二硝基氮杂环丁烷为原料，通过苄氧羰基置换叔丁基，通氯化氢脱去苄氧羰基，合成了３，３－二硝基氮杂环丁烷。将ＤＮＡＺ与ＮＴＯ，硝酸，高氯酸和硝仿反应合成了四种复盐，其中ＤＮＡＸ．ＨＣｌＯ４与ＤＮＡＺ．ＨＣｌ（ＮＯ２）３未见文献报道，经元素分析，红外，核磁共振光谱鉴定了化合物结构。     

硝胺的静电火花感度与爆速的关系（英）

通过测定１２种硝胺５０％发火概率下的静电火花能ＥＥＳ,建立了ＥＥＳ与爆速平方值（Ｄ＾２）的线性关系,以此可预估尚未合成的硝胺化合物,尤其是那些对硝胺化学有重要意义的化合物,如１－硝基－１氮杂乙烯、１,３－二硝基－１,３－二氮杂环丁烷、１,３,５,７,９－五硝基－１,３,５,７,９－五氮杂环癸烷等的ＥＥＳ。     

1，3，3-三硝基氮杂环丁烷的合成及性能初步研究

介绍了从原料特丁胺和环氧氧氯丙烷出发，合成１，３，３－三硝基氮杂环丁烷（ＴＮＡＺ）的方法，用核磁共振等四种分析手段，对其结构进行了鉴定并测定了熔点等物化性质。     

五硝基一甲酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷的结构表征

硝解２，６，８，１２－四乙酰基－４，１０－二甲酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷（ＴＡＤ－ＦＩＷ）制得了２，４，６，８，１０，１２－六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷（ＨＮＩＷ，ＣＬ－２０＃），但产物中含有少量副产物。采用柱色谱将其分离，经ＦＴＩＲ、＾１ＨＮＭＲ、ＭＳ（ＣＩ）及元素分析鉴定，证明了它为五硝基一甲酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷（ＰＮＭＦＩＷ）。     

六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷的结构鉴定

用ＦＴＩＲ，＾１ＨＮＭＲ，＾１３ＣＮＭＲ，ＭＳ（ＣＩ），ＵＶ及元素分析方法鉴定了作者所合成的六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷（ＣＬ－２０）的结构，并以ＦＴＩＲ区分了所制得的ＣＬ－２０的四种晶型（α，β，γ及ε）分析结果证明作者合成的试样的结构与文献报道的ＣＬ－２０的结构式完全相符。     

1，3，3－三硝基氮杂环丁烷的合成及性能初步研究

介绍了从原料特丁胺和环氧氯丙烷出发，合成１，３，３三硝基氮杂环丁烷（ＴＮＡＺ）的方法，用核磁共振等四种分析手段，对其结构进行了鉴定并测定了熔点等物化性质。     

BAMO／NMMO共聚物的特性

研究了３，３’－双（叠氮甲基）氧杂环丁烷（ＢＡＭＯ）与３－硝酸甲酯基－３’－甲基氧杂环丁烷（ＮＭＭＯ）共聚物的组成、微观结构、热分解和感度。共聚物中各单体的摩尔比分别为：ＢＡＭＯ／ＮＭＭＯ＝８／２，７／３和６／４，测定的组成分别为８１／１９，６８／３２和６０／４０，微观结构测定值与理论计算值符合得很好。ＢＡＭＯ显示出热分解时在起始阶段侧链分解，另一方面，ＮＭＭＯ的热分解是由主链控制的。尽管ＢＡＭＯ单元和ＮＭＭＯ单元共聚了，但它们在共聚物中分解的多少是由各自独立的分解特性决定的，因此ＮＭＭＯ在４０℃时发生分解，比ＢＡＭＯ的分解温度低，分解产生的热加速了ＢＡＭＯ的反应。聚Ｂ／Ｎ（７／３）表现出了良好的感度特性、机械性能和热分解特性。     

1，3，3-三硝基氮杂环丁烷与几种材料的相容性

用非等温DSC法考察了1，3，3－三硝基氮杂环丁烷（TNAZ）与奥克托今（HMX）、黑索今（RDX）、硝化棉（NC）、硝化甘油（NG）、二甲基二 苯脲（C2）的相容性。结果表明，TNAZ与HMX、RDX的相容性样好，与NC及C2的相容性较差，与NG则不相容。     

几种有机叠氮化合物的合成及性能研究

叙述了１－叠氮－２－（２，４，６－三硝基苯基）乙烷（１），２，４－二（Ｎ－硝基）乙胺基－６－叠氮基－１，３，５－三嗪（Ⅲ），３－硝基－３，５－二叠氮－３－杂氮戊烷（Ⅳ）和上叠氮甲基甲烷（Ⅴ）的合成及结构鉴定，其中Ｉ和Ⅲ未见文献报道，改进了Ⅳ的合成方法，并对这四个化合物的部分性能作了报道。     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Super-resolution Restoration of Remote-sensing Images

A novel image restoration scheme, which is super-resolution image restoration algorithm Poisson-maximum-afterword-probability based on Markvo constraint （MPMAP） combined with evaluating image detail parameter D, has been proposed. The advantage of super-resolution algorithm MPMAP incorporated with parameter D lies in the fact that superresolution algorithm MPMAP model is discrete, which is in accordance with remote-sensing imaging model, and the algorithm MPMAP is proved applicable to linear and non-linear imaging models with a unique solution when noise is not severe. According to simulation experiments for practical images, super-resolution algorithm MPMAP can retain image details better than most of traditional restoration methods; at the same time, the proposed parameter D can help to identify real point spread function （PSF） value of degradation process. Processing result of practical remote-sensing images by MPMAP combined with parameter D are given, it illustrates that MPMAP restoration scheme combined PSF estimation has a better restoration result than that of Photoshop processing, based on the same original images. It is proved that the proposed scheme is helpful to offset the lack of resolution of the original remote-sensing images and has its extensive application foreground.     

Design and Simulation of TF and TA Controller for Missile

A nonlinear terrain following(TF) and terrain avoidance(TA) controller is proposed for missile control systems. Based on classical TF algorithm (adaptive angle method), a new method for TF controller is proposed by using angle of attack. A method of obtaining terrain outline data from digital elevation map (DEM) for TF control is discussed in order to save store space. A TA algorithm is proposed by using bank-to-turn technique. The block control model, which is suitable for backstepping design, is given for nonlinear model of missile. Making full use of the characteristics of the system and combining block control principle and backstepping technique, a robust controller design method is proposed. Uncertainties in every sub-block are allowed, and can be canceled by using the idea of nonlinear damping. It is proved that the state tracking errors are converged to a neighborhood of the origin exponentially. Finally, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom simulation results for the missile model are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.     

Design and Analysis of Test Schemes of Static Postponing Time on Shrapnels Used to Riot Control

The test scheme of static postponing time given in our actual national military test standard on shrapnels used to control riot is a nine-point test scheme on the combined action of three kinds of temperatures and three kinds of pressures,the consumed ammunitions are more excessive. Statistic analysis and tentative checkout about a lot of test data are done,feasibility gists are put forward for optimizing of the test design scheme. The optimizing design and data analysis of test scheme of the item are done by managing uniformity design theory, two scientific and reasonable six-point test schemes are confirmed. The feasibility and reliability of the optimizing design schemes put forward above are proved ulteriorly by test validating. The gained schemes not only have good design uniformity and little ammunition wastage and meet the test demand, but also have better forecast ability for the result data of other points using the mathematic models from the actual test points.