Software quality's eight greatest myths

The software quality community has become too satisfied with the “state of the practice”. We face the same problems today that we did a decade ago, but now the urgency for solutions is greater. Our present dilemma can be best explained by walking through the past decade's major software quality trends and their associated myths. By myths, I refer to the claims used to support the numerous software quality “silver bullets” that flourished and faded in the past decade. Although I could add lesser items to my list, I consider the following eight as the main culprits (because these fads are hard to compare fairly and quantitatively, they appear in no particular order): (1) software process improvement and maturity; (2) formal methods; (3) programming languages and object-oriented design; (4) software metrics and measurement; (5) software standards; (6) software testing; (7) computer-aided software engineering; and (8) total quality management     

软件质量量化指标及实现方法的探讨

在ISO软件质量模型的基础上,建立质量需求评价准则(SQRC)和质量设计评价准则(SQDC)之间的定量关系,将软件质量需求指标转化为软件质量的设计指标,为软件开发人员在设计和编码阶段实施软件质量保证提供指南。它将软件质量保证的任务向设计和编码人员进行分解,有利于软件项目工程化生产过程中的质量管理,从而降低软件生产的风险。     

Framework for evaluation and selection of the software packages: A hybrid knowledge based system approach

Evaluation and selection of the software packages is complicated and time consuming decision making process. Selection of inappropriate software package can turn out to be costly and adversely affects business processes and functioning of the organization. In this paper we describe (i) generic methodology for software selection, (ii) software evaluation criteria, and (iii) hybrid knowledge based system (HKBS) approach to assist decision makers in evaluation and selection of the software packages. The proposed HKBS approach employs an integrated rule based and case based reasoning techniques. Rule based reasoning is used to capture user needs of the software package and formulate a problem case. Case based reasoning is used to retrieve and compare candidate software packages with the user needs of the package. This paper also evaluates and compares HKBS approach with the widely used existing software evaluation techniques such as analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and weighted scoring method (WSM).     

Evaluating and selecting software packages: A review

Evaluating and selecting software packages that meet an organization’s requirements is a difficult software engineering process. Selection of a wrong software package can turn out to be costly and adversely affect business processes. The aim of this paper is to provide a basis to improve the process of evaluation and selection of the software packages. This paper reports a systematic review of papers published in journals and conference proceedings. The review investigates methodologies for selecting software packages, software evaluation techniques, software evaluation criteria, and systems that support decision makers in evaluating software packages. The key findings of the review are: (1) analytic hierarchy process has been widely used for evaluation of the software packages, (2) there is lack of a common list of generic software evaluation criteria and its meaning, and (3) there is need to develop a framework comprising of software selection methodology, evaluation technique, evaluation criteria, and system to assist decision makers in software selection.     

基于AOP技术的软件性质监控框架

针对软件运行时可信保障存在的相关问题,提出了基于AOP技术的软件性质监控框架。本框架使用OCL(Object Constraint Language)和UML Profile的SPT(Schedulability,Performance and Time)规范实现了软件性质在模型上的描述,基于描述并独立于被监控软件自动生成监控方面,将监控方面编织入被监控软件,从而使被监控软件具有运行时软件性质监控能力。     

支持地球科学的软件复用(英文)

地球科学研究中数据的准备、分发、访问、处理和分析都依赖于计算机软件。科学结果的重复通常需要复用同样的软件。同样,科学数据的有效分发、访问或者分析也都需要进行软件复用。地球科学软件开发社区已经意识到了软件复用的价值,并且在社区内大力鼓励和培育软件复用。因此,他们成立了 NASA 地球科学数据系统( ESDS) 软件复用工作组( WG) 来支持社区成员之间的软件复用。工作组开发了软件复用门户来发布软件复用相关的信息、资源,并且提供培训来提高和改进整个社区的软件复用实践。工作组还开发了一个复用支持系统( RES) 原型系统来支持可复用软件的访问。此外, 工作组还制定了复用成熟度级别, 从而提高了评估和选择可复用软件的能力。     

软件开发过程及其模型（Ⅱ）

论题的第一部分,即文“软件开发过程及其模型（Ⅱ）”重点分析了瀑布模型和快速原型,本文为第二部分,继之讨论渐增式模型,螺旋模型,重用模型,自动综合模型,基于ＣＡＳＥ的模型,喷泉模型以及其它有前途的,有影响的新模型。综合两部分的内容,我们希望在不列几个方面有所贡献：１）帮助实践者选择合适的过程模型;２）作为各种不同模型参照对比的一种框架;３）帮助研究者开发新的模型;４）对软件过程及其模型的认识;５）引     

一种基于测试数据和D-S证据理论的可信性度量模型

针对软件可信性评估模型客观性不强的问题,提出了基于测试过程数据的软件可信性度量模型。该模型根据软件测试过程和能力成熟度模型CMM模型选取软件测试过程中的关键可信属性,利用软件测试中的过程数据作为可信证据,通过测试过程数据进行可信属性的定量度量,最后,将这些分散的可信指标通过D-S证据理论进行融合得到软件的可信性。实例表明,该度量模型在软件可信性评估中是有效的。     

支持多类终端与服务定制的SaaS软件服务架构

由软件即服务(SaaS)模式中软件服务的概念与特点分析,可知现有的面向服务架构(SOA)不能完全支持软件服务的实现。此外,为了拓展软件服务的应用范围,实现多样化的服务,SaaS模式的软件服务必然要满足用户定制服务的需求,以及对多类用户终端的支持。通过对SOA的扩展,在其中引入了软件服务终端、软件服务端口、软件服务注册等模块,提出了一种支持多类终端与服务定制的SaaS软件服务架构,给出了该架构的结构与工作流程,并通过实验证明了该架构可以实现SaaS模式的软件服务,而且能够实现对上述功能需求的支持。     

基于构件开发的BOSC的研究与应用

从基于构件的软件开发中所关注的应用领域和体系结构这两大软件特征出发，构造一种基于构件开发的软件产品结构成分表(BOSC)，提出面向特征BOSC的生成算法，为基于构件的软件开发提供软件构件复用管理方法。在整个软件生命周期中，BOSC完整地反映了软件产品组成成分的情况，支持软件产品维护和升级。实践表明BOSC能够有效提高开发效率和管理水平。     

Knowledge-based approaches in software documentation: A systematic literature review

ContextSoftware documents are core artifacts produced and consumed in documentation activity in the software lifecycle. Meanwhile, knowledge-based approaches have been extensively used in software development for decades, however, the software engineering community lacks a comprehensive understanding on how knowledge-based approaches are used in software documentation, especially documentation of software architecture design.ObjectiveThe objective of this work is to explore how knowledge-based approaches are employed in software documentation, their influences to the quality of software documentation, and the costs and benefits of using these approaches.MethodWe use a systematic literature review method to identify the primary studies on knowledge-based approaches in software documentation, following a pre-defined review protocol.ResultsSixty studies are finally selected, in which twelve quality attributes of software documents, four cost categories, and nine benefit categories of using knowledge-based approaches in software documentation are identified. Architecture understanding is the top benefit of using knowledge-based approaches in software documentation. The cost of retrieving information from documents is the major concern when using knowledge-based approaches in software documentation.ConclusionsThe findings of this review suggest several future research directions that are critical and promising but underexplored in current research and practice: (1) there is a need to use knowledge-based approaches to improve the quality attributes of software documents that receive less attention, especially credibility, conciseness, and unambiguity; (2) using knowledge-based approaches with the knowledge content in software documents which gets less attention in current applications of knowledge-based approaches in software documentation, to further improve the practice of software documentation activity; (3) putting more focus on the application of software documents using the knowledge-based approaches (knowledge reuse, retrieval, reasoning, and sharing) in order to make the most use of software documents; and (4) evaluating the costs and benefits of using knowledge-based approaches in software documentation qualitatively and quantitatively.     

基于QFD技术的软件可信性评估研究*

对软件可信性的多维属性进行系统综合的度量评估,在软件设计开发过程中有效地跟踪和控制软件可信度是一个重要且亟待解决的研究课题。针对该问题,运用质量机能展开（QFD）技术分析软件可信需求和设计质量特性,并整合运用Kano质量模型测量软件可信性对于软件设计质量特性的敏感程度,提出了一个软件设计开发过程中的可信性评估方法。最后采用某航天操作系统软件的开发实例验证了该评估方法的可行性和有效性。     

On Testing Process Control Software for Reliability Assessment: the Effects of Correlation between Successive Failures

Statistical testing is the main available means for evaluating the reliability of software products. For ‘batch’ software, one can usually model both testing and operation as sequences of statistically independent trials (Bernoulli trials). Statistical inference from test results to reliability predictions is then straightforward. Things change when non-zero correlation is to be expected between the outcomes (failure or success) of successive executions of the software. This is the case, in particular, for most process control software: the inputs to each execution represent measurements on the controlled plant, and therefore follow quasi-continuous trajectories in the input space. For such software, this paper will: (i) show that the Bernoulli-trial model is inappropriate; (ii) argue that the ‘failure rate’ (probability of failure per execution) is no longer an appropriate indicator of software dependability; (iii) discuss the relationships among the statistical parameters describing the failure behaviour of the software; (iv) argue for direct measurement of the parameters of interest.     

软件定义无线电及软件通信体系结构规范

通过硬件或部分采用软件来实现无线通信系统已显陈旧。该文介绍了一种通过软件实现无线通信系统的软件无线电技术SDR及其体系结构SCA规范。     

Applications of clustering techniques to software partitioning,recovery and restructuring

The artifacts constituting a software system are sometimes unnecessarily coupled with one another or may drift over time. As a result, support of software partitioning, recovery, and restructuring is often necessary. This paper presents studies on applying the numerical taxonomy clustering technique to software applications. The objective is to facilitate those activities just mentioned and to improve design, evaluation and evolution. Numerical taxonomy is mathematically simple and yet it is a useful mechanism for component clustering and software partitioning. The technique can be applied at various levels of abstraction or to different software life-cycle phases. We have applied the technique to: (1) software partitioning at the software architecture design phase; (2) grouping of components based on the source code to recover the software architecture in the reverse engineering process; (3) restructuring of a software to support evolution in the maintenance stage; and (4) improving cohesion and reducing coupling for source code. In this paper, we provide an introduction to the numerical taxonomy, discuss our experiences in applying the approach to various areas, and relate the technique to the context of similar work.     

Learning to distinguish a solution from a problem [software maintenance]

The author considers software maintenance, which is a vitally important and, more to the point, a totally misunderstood topic. By disrespecting the maintenance of legacy software, we've turned our collective back on (a) what most people in software do, (b) what most of the money in software is spent on, and (c) our greatest opportunity to please our clients and customers.     

个体软件过程的研究与实践

个体软件过程(PSP)是当前软件行业的重要技术,给开发者提供了一个进行软件开发的标准化框架.本文在阐述个体软件过程(PSP)原理的基础上,结合软件过程的实施过程,探讨了实施个体软件过程PSP时要注意的问题.     

一个基于构件的分布式软件构架开发环境

针对分布式软件和软件构架日益复杂的特点，本文首先提出并建立了一个基于构件的分布式软件构架描述语言DSADL，然后介绍了基于DSADL的分布式软件构架开发集成环境EDAD．实践证明，EDAD能够有效辅助分布式软件设计人员在构架层次上对系统进行分析和设计，从而提高系统的开发效率．     

面向对象程序设计在多媒体数字监控系统软件开发中的应用

本文使用面向对象程序设计（OOP）的编程技术,来实现多媒体数字监控系统软件,并给出了使用VisualC 语言的一些实现方法。通过面向对象程序设计（OOP）在多媒体数字监控系统中的应用,可以缩短开发周期,提高软件的可移植性和可扩充性。     

Equity perceptions as a deterrent to software piracy behavior

Software piracy is a problem for the software industry. An estimated world-wide piracy rate of 35%, representing approximately a $31 billion dollar loss in 2004 was reported by the second annual Business Software Alliance (BSA) and International Data Corporation (IDC) piracy study. This high rate shows piracy to be a significant global problem. Both BSA and the Software and Information Industry Association consider the impact of piracy to be a critical issue and have established web links to allow anonymous reporting of software piracy. Deterrents have been welcomed by software producers and others. Equity theory offers a possible explanation of software piracy behavior but no models have been shown to link equity constructs as having a direct influence on software piracy. We investigated the use of equity theory (fairness) as a deterrent to software piracy. Our results identified equity components that significantly influenced equity in the context of software piracy and further indicated that equity significantly influenced software piracy.