Al_2O_3颗粒增强铝基复合材料的半固态搅熔复合

采用半固态搅熔复合及模锻方法制备Al2 O3 /Al复合材料 ,讨论了工艺参数对Al2 O3 颗粒在铝合金液中的吸收性与分散性的影响 ,并对所得复合材料的强度、冲击韧性和耐磨性进行了实验。结果表明 ,通过选择合适的工艺参数 ,可以很好地解决Al2 O3 颗粒在Al合金液中的分散性问题 ,所得复合材料具有一定韧性和良好的耐磨性能。     

化学包覆Cu基纳米Al_2O_3复合材料的摩擦磨损行为研究

选用纳米级Al2O3陶瓷颗粒作为增强相,采用超声波增强化学镀的方法完成对纳米Al2O3陶瓷颗粒金属铜的包覆,热压烧结成块材,并在特定的磨损条件下,对两种纳米Al2O3含量(10wt%Al2O3和30wt%Al2O3)的铜基复合材料进行摩擦磨损实验,探索纳米颗粒在陶瓷增强铜基复合材料中的增强和磨损机制。结果表明:复合材料在磨损过程中的磨损失重并不是单调增加的,而是存在两个阶段。Al2O3增强相颗粒的含量及分散性对复合材料的硬度及耐磨性有重要影响。     

固—液反应法制备—α—Al2O3（p）／Al—Cu复合材料的研究

利用固液反应制备了α－Al2O3（P）／Al－Cu复合材料．通过对反应所得材料的显微组织的分析，分析了制备该种复合材料的化学反应．固液法成本低、易于用传统的工艺方法成形，是较理想的制备手段．     

Al_2O_3/Al基颗粒增强复合材料的凝固组织

本文利用旋涡制造颗粒增强铝基复合材料 ,探讨了增强颗粒的添加对基体凝固组织的影响 ,对比了添加SiO2 (SiO2 和铝液发生下式反应 :3SiO2 4Al—→ 3Si 2Al2 O3 )和Al2 O3 复合材料的增强颗粒分布。实验结果表明 ,由于颗粒的存在 ,晶体的生长受到影响 ,导致组织细化。添加SiO2 复合材料的增强颗粒分布比添加Al2 O3 复合材料的增强颗粒分布更易均匀     

纳米A12O3/2024铝基复合材料的显微组织及力学性能

利用球磨预分散一搅拌铸造法制备纳米Al2O3/2024复合材料,并对所制备的铝基复合材料进行了显微组织及力学性能的研究.结果表明,经球磨预分散后,纳米颗粒团聚现象明显消除,纳米Al2O3呈单颗粒分散于Al粉表面;复合粉体添加法有效避免了超细增强颗粒和基体润湿性差和分散性较差的问题,实现纳米Al2O3颗粒均匀弥散分布于基体合金中;纳米Al2O3颗粒的加人显著提高基体合金的力学性能.与传统搅拌铸造相比,所制备的Al2O3/2024复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和显微硬度分别提高了58％、59％和16％.     

纳米Al2O3/2024铝基复合材料的显微组织及力学性能

利用球磨预分散-搅拌铸造法制备纳米Al2O3/2024复合材料,并对所制备的铝基复合材料进行了显微组织及力学性能的研究。结果表明,经球磨预分散后,纳米颗粒团聚现象明显消除,纳米Al2O3呈单颗粒分散于Al粉表面;复合粉体添加法有效避免了超细增强颗粒和基体润湿性差和分散性较差的问题,实现纳米Al2O3颗粒均匀弥散分布于基体合金中;纳米Al2O3颗粒的加入显著提高基体合金的力学性能。与传统搅拌铸造相比,所制备的Al2O3/2024复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和显微硬度分别提高了58%、59%和16%。     

原位反应法制备Al2O3-TiC/Al复合材料

通过向含Ti的Al-Si合金熔体中通入CO2气体制备Al2O3-TiC／Al复合材料的方法．研究了Al2O3-TiC／Al复合材料特性。用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对复合材料的组织进行了研究。研究表明，CO2与合金熔体中的Al、Ti原位反应生成Al2O3和TiC颗粒，Al2O3和TiC颗粒尺寸在0．2～1．0μm之间，均匀分布在基体中，反应生成的Al2O3和TiC颗粒数量与CO2的通入时间有关。     

内氧化制备Al2O3/Cu复合材料组织性能研究

采用内氧化工艺,用Cu2O粉作氧化剂,在900℃下使Cu-Al合金薄平板内氧化,获得Al2O3/Cu复合材料,研究Al2O3/Cu复合材料的组织特征及性能。结果表明,复合层中Al2O3颗粒呈弥散状分布;复合层表层和内部的晶粒大小明显不同,表层处晶粒比内部的细小,固溶在Cu基体内部的Al内氧化时以Al2O3形态从基体析出,弥散分布的Al2O3颗粒强化了铜基体,表面显微硬度提高。与固溶在Cu基体中的Al原子相比,Al2O3对电子的散射要小得多,因而内氧化析出Al2O3后电导率升高。Al2O3/Cu复合材料薄板随着冷加工变形量的增加,氧化颗粒与位错的缠结越严重。     

固液原位反应生成Al_2O_3(P)/Al复合材料的研究

采用 Cu O颗粒与 Al熔体原位反应的方法制取了 Al2 O3( P) / Al复合材料 ,并对其显微组织、硬度及耐磨性进行分析和研究。试验结果表明 :反应生成的 Al2 O3颗粒非常细小 ( 2～ 5 μm)弥散且均匀地分布于 Al基体中 ,具有显著的增强效果。所得复合材料的硬度和耐磨性显著高于 Al基体     

Ni-P/Al2O3化学复合镀工艺研究

采用正交设计法对Ni-P/Al2O3化学复合镀工艺进行了优化。研究了镀液成分，工艺参数对复合镀层厚度，显微硬度，耐蚀性，耐磨性的影响，结果表明，Ni-P/Al2O3化学复合镀层的显微硬度，耐磨性优于Ni-P化学镀层的，弥散分布的Al2O3颗粒能显著减缓复合镀层在较高温度下的软化趋势。     

X-ray diffraction study of Ba0.985Na0.015Ti0.985Nb0.015O3, Ba0.6Na0.4Ti0.6Nb0.4O3 and Ba0.3Na0.7Ti0.3Nb0.7O3 compositions

The Ba_0.985Na_0.015Ti_0.985Nb_0.015O₃, Ba_0.6Na_0.4Ti_0.6Nb_0.4O₃ and Ba_0.3Na_0.7Ti_0.3Nb_0.7O₃ compositions of the (1 − x) BaTiO₃–xNaNbO₃ (BTNNx) system have been studied by X-ray diffraction and by measurements of dielectric properties. The specimens with composition BTNN (x = 0.015, 0.40 and 0.70) have been refined by the JANA program from X-ray powder diffraction data. Ceramic samples with composition (1 − x) BaTiO₃ + xNaNbO₃ (where x = 0.015, 0.40 and 0.70) were prepared by calcinations from appropriate mixture of BaCO₃, TiO₂, Na₂CO₃ and Nb₂O₅. The calcined powder was sintered at temperature range 1200–1400 °C. As the composition x increased from 0.015 (and 0.70), the ferroelectric ceramics (x = 0.015, FE) with tetragonal phase changed to the ferroelectric relaxors (RFE, x = 0.40). RFE ceramics showed a peculiar diffuse phase transition and dielectric relaxation at the low temperature (down to 180 K) due to a frustration between RFE and FE state. These ceramics present the classical ferroelectric character when 0 ≤ x < 0.075 and 0.55 < x ≤ 1 and relaxor character when 0.075 ≤ x ≤ 0.55.     

Magnetic, electrical and plastic properties of Fe76Nb2Si13B9, Fe75Ag1Nb2Si13B9 and Fe75Cu1Nb2Si13B9 amorphous alloys

Influence of 1 h annealing in vacuum on magnetic, electrical and plastic properties of Fe₇₆Nb₂Si₁₃B₉, Fe₇₅Ag₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ and Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ melt spun ribbons were carefully investigated. It was shown that in all cases soft magnetic properties can be significantly enhanced by applying 1-h annealing at characteristic temperatures T_op. This optimization annealing causes that permeability increases more than 15-times and magnetic losses (tangent of loss angle) achieves a minimum in relation to the as quenched state. Using structural examinations (X-ray and HRTEM) it was shown that for the Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloy the optimized microstructure corresponds to a nanocrystalline αFe(Si) phase whereas in other alloys to a relaxed amorphous phase free of iron nanograins. As a consequence of this fact the Fe₇₆Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ and Fe₇₅Ag₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloys show higher plasticity in comparison to the nanocrystalline Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloy. Temperatures of the first stage of crystallization, and related diffusion parameters were determined using measurements of resistivity versus temperature with different heating rates.     

Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42-H2O体系的沉淀配合平衡热力学

针对草酸盐配位共沉淀热分解还原法制备超细铁镍合金粉过程中Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42--H2O体系的溶液平衡建立热力学分析模型,并根据模型进行相关计算,揭示反应体系中各物质随pH值、氨及草酸浓度的变化关系。结果表明:溶液中的Fe主要以[Fe(C2O4)n]2 2n络合物形式存在,而铁氨络合物含量很低。当氨含量较低时,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在;氨含量较高时,在酸性条件下,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在,在碱性条件下,则主要以[Ni(NH3)n]2+存在。低pH值下,Ni的沉淀率较Fe的高,而高pH值下,Ni的沉淀率则较Fe的低。     

Thermodynamics and phase diagrams in the binary systems Na2O-SiO2, Na2O-GeO2, Na2O-B2O3, Li2O-B2O3, CaO-B2O3, SrO-B2O3, and BaO-B2O3

We applied our model to the enthalpy of mixing data of the binary systems Na₂O-SiO₂, Na₂O-GeO₂, Na₂O-B₂O₃, Li₂O-B₂O₃, CaO-B₂O₃, SrO-B₂O₃, and BaO-B₂O₃. The most stable composition in the liquid, that is where the enthalpy of mixing is most negative, is with a metal-oxygen ratio of 4 to 3, for monovalent metals (Na and Li) and 3 to 4 for divalent metals (Ba and Ca) in liquid silicates or borates. The same applies to the CaO-SiO₂, CaO-Al₂O₃, PbO-B₂O₃, PbO-SiO₂, ZnO-B₂O₃, and ZnO-SiO₂ systems. The oxygen to metal ratio, its constant value in various types of systems, reflects and describes the structure of the liquid. Using the analyzed enthalpies of mixing data and the available phase diagrams, we calculated the enthalpies of formation of the various binary compounds. The results are in excellent agreement with data in the literature that were obtained from direct solid-solid calorimetry.     

New Zr6CoAs2-type compounds: Y6CoBi2, Ho6CoBi2 and Tm6CoBi2

Results of a powder X-ray diffraction investigation of new ternary compounds are reported. The compounds Y₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8312(1) nm, c=0.4144(1) nm], Ho₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8246(2) nm, c=0.4095(1) nm], and Tm₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8155(2) nm, c=0.4066(1) nm] crystallize in the hexagonal Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure (space group P6b2m No. 189). The Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure is a superstructure of the Fe₂P-type structure.     

Al2O3-Sm2O3-CeO2电解质的性能（英文）

采用溶胶-凝胶法和低温燃烧技术制备Ce1-xSmxO2（x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3）和掺杂Sm和（2%-8%）Al2O3的二氧化铈;研究其合成、结构、致密化、导电性和热膨胀等性能,并利用XRD研究其结构和相组成。结果表明,于1300°C烧结球团,获得致密的陶瓷,于1250°C在Ce0.8Sm0.2O0.2中加入2%和4%的Al2O3以促进烧结。利用扫描电子显微镜观察烧结后球团的表面形貌,使用双探针交流阻抗谱研究总离子电导率。     

Zur Kenntnis von RbBa3Ca4Cu3V7O28

Single crystals of RbBa₃Ca₄Cu₃V₇O₂₈ were prepared above the melting point of the reaction mixture. It crystallizes with hexagonal symmetry, space group C_6V⁴-P6₃mc, a 11.1751, c 12.434 Å, Z = 2. RbBa₃Ca₄Cu₃V₇O₂₈ is the second member of a new structure type of the copper-oxovanadates. Ba²⁺ shows an unusual 12-fold coordination. The two calcium positions are coordinated by trigonal prisms and octahedra respectively. The copper coordination is characterized by a stretched square pyramid. The Cu²⁺ ions are outside the centre nearly in plane of the pyramids.

Zusammenfassung

Einkristalle von RbBa₃Ca₄Cu₃V₇O₂₈ wurden oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes der Reaktionsmischung erhalten. Die Verbindung kristallisiert hexagonal, Raumgruppe C_6V⁴-P6₃mc, a 11.1751, c 12.434 Å, Z = 2. RbBa₃Ca₄Cu₃V₇O₂₈ ist das zweite Beispiel für einen neuen Strukturtyp der Kupfer-Oxovanadate, mit 12-fach koordinierten Ba²⁺ -Ionen. Die zwei Calciumpositionen sind trigonal prismatisch bzw. oktaedrisch koordiniert. Die Koordination der Cu²⁺-Ionen ist durch eine gestreckte Pyramide charakterisiert. Cu²⁺ ist auβerhalb des Polyederzentrums nahezu in der quadratischen Fläche der Pyramide angeordnet.     

电弧喷涂制备Fe65Cr20Mo7B3.5SiMn1.5W3涂层

在Q235低碳钢板上利用电弧喷涂工艺进行喷涂,以制得Fe65Cr20Mo7B3.5SiMn1.5W3涂层。喷涂材料为自行配制的丝材,按照35%的填充率将配好的粉填充到U型不锈钢外皮中,经过多道拉拔、挤压工艺制成Φ2mm的粉芯丝材。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、透射电镜对涂层的物相和组织形貌及成分进行了表征;采用差示扫描量热仪、显微硬度仪等设备对涂层的热稳定性及显微硬度进行了检测和分析。试验结果表明:涂层组织形貌呈典型的层状组织结构,由变形良好的带状粒子相互搭接堆积而成。涂层含有50.63%的非晶相,同时含有纳米级的晶相。涂层组织均匀、结构致密、孔隙率低,并且涂层硬度高达1040.5HV0.3,属硬质涂层,具有良好的热稳定性。     

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.4Mn1.5Cr0.1O4 and Li4Ti5O12

Spinel compound LiNi_0.4Mn_1.5Cr_0.1O₄ (LNMCO) and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO) were synthesized by the sol-gel method and the solid-state method, respectively. The particle sizes of the products LiNi_0.4Mn_1.5Cr_0.1O₄ and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ were 0.5 to 2 um and 0.5 to 0.8 um, respectively. All samples exhibited excellent electrochemical properties. A LiNi_0.4Mn_1.5Cr_0.1O₄/Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LNMCO/LTO) cell was fabricated and was demonstrated to exhibit good electrochemical properties at the high current rate of 1 C. When the specific capacity was determined based on the mass of the LNMCO cathode, the LNMCO/LTO cell delivered 125 mAh g⁻¹ at 1 C and 77 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 C. The capacity retentions after 30 cycles were 94.4 % and 83.1 %, respectively.