永州异蛇系列产品的研制与生产

永州异蛇系指眼镜蛇科的几种剧毒蛇,异蛇肉营养丰富,味道鲜美,药用价值高。根据异蛇的特性,介绍了清蒸原汁异蛇肉罐头、异蛇干、异蛇酒的生产工艺、操作要点和产品质量要求。     

周大武,让异蛇文化千年相承——湖南省永州之野异蛇实业有限公司系列报道之三

"永州之野产异蛇,黑质而白章……"唐代柳宗元一篇不朽之作《捕蛇者说》,已经成为历史给予永州的的厚赠。成就"永州第九景"当年怨世嫉俗的柳宗元恐怕没有想到的是,千载之后的今天,永州异蛇已经成为永州芝山区的支柱产业之一。现在翻开永州的地图,"异蛇村"赫然在目,永州是一本书,"永州八景"声名在外,但是异蛇村人可以骄傲地说:我们是"永州第九景"。     

论保健酒功效与高科技的结合

从保健酒的历史沿革、保健酒的功能,重点阐述保健酒与高科技结合的意义,并就配方高科技化、选取药材高科技化、选酒优质化、保健酒标准化、饮酒科学化等五个方面阐明保健酒高科技化的意义,还例举了中国嘉满酒与高科技相结合使保健作用提高,从而说明了保健酒与高科技结合的必要性。     

永州之野,异蛇酒香——湖南省永州之野异蛇实业有限公司系列报道之一

永州古称零陵,位于湖南南部、五岭北麓,司马迁《史记·五帝本纪》载:"舜南巡狩,崩于苍梧之野,葬于江南九疑,是为零陵。"这是一片古老而令人神往的土地,这里历史悠久,名人辈出,古迹众多,资源富集,生态优美,素以"锦绣潇湘"驰名中外。"画图曾识零陵郡,今日方知画不如"欧阳修勾画了永州山水的万般秀美;"挥毫当得江山助,不到潇湘岂有诗"陆游留下了永州文化的千古咏叹。唐代著名思想家、文学家柳宗元谪居永州十年,写下了《永州八记》等脍炙人口的传世佳作,他在《捕蛇者说》中写道:"永州之野产异蛇,黑质而白章;触草木,尽死;以啮人,无御之者。然得而腊之以为饵,可以已大风、挛踠、瘘、疠,去死肌,杀三虫。"这种"异蛇",以毒性剧烈而     

保健酒开发路在何方?

露酒是最具中国特色的酒种之一,尤其是具有滋补和保健作用的保健酒,自古以来就在中国民间广为流传,各地都有不同类型和功能的保健酒。“九五”期间,我国100多种露酒产品经卫生部批准成为“健”字号保健酒,然而进入21世纪,仍鲜有全国性的保健酒知名品牌,保健酒企业的小、散、乱,制约着保健酒整体市场的做大和做强。在白酒、啤酒、葡萄酒等酒种早已进入品牌战的今天,保健酒却仍然处于一种自生自灭、靠口碑相传的发展状态。     

专利14则

专利１４则保健酒杯公告日：８９０８０２公告号：ＣＮ－２０４１９２２Ｕ一种用于黄酒加热并能作酒杯的酒具，能将黄酒温度升至６４．７～７８℃之间维持一定的时间，并将黄酒中的甲醇充分挥发，保留乙醇，起到一定的保健作用。酒杯公告日：８９１１０８公告号；ＣＮ－２...     

配制型红枣保健酒的研制

红枣是我国传统的天然保健食品。为充分利用红枣资源,开发了红枣保健酒。以干红枣、蜂蜜、食用酒精为原料,采用浸泡工艺生产而成。红枣保健酒不仅营养价值高,风味独特,而且还具有保健作用,是适合人们保健需要的新型饮品。     

保健酒市场存在七大问题

正最近几年的保健酒行业报告指出,保健酒市场每年以30%的速度递增,已超过200亿元的市场规模,然而伴随着市场升温,也暴露出七大问题。问题一:品类界定不明目前整个行业对于保健酒都没有一个明确的定义。广义上,添加了某些药材原料,饮用后能达到某种功效,对人体有保健作用的酒,都可以称为保健酒。可以说,保健酒是白酒的延伸,     

香菇保健酒的研制

介绍了香菇保健酒的工艺流程,该产品不仅营养价值高,风味独特,而且还具有一定的保健作用.     

正确认识保健酒

保健酒是指以蒸馏酒、发酵酒或食用酒精为酒基，以食用动植物、食品添加剂作为呈香、呈味、呈色物质，按一定生产工艺加工而成的对人体具有保健功能的饮料酒，其必须具备有食品属性、功能属性和非药品属性。目前市场上销售的保健酒分为4类：①卫食健字号保健酒；②地方卫食字号保健酒；③传统型的保健酒；④其他保健酒。保健酒的功能取决于酒中的有效成分，产品的质量以酒的感官、酒的稳定性等为基础。（孙悟）     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.