不同条件锰锌铁氧体纳米晶形成机理及物性研究

硝酸盐-柠檬酸溶胶凝胶低温燃烧合成获得锰锌铁氧体(MZF)纳米晶.采用TG-DTA、XRD、VSM对前驱体凝胶燃烧过程及产物磁性能进行表征.结果表明,凝胶pH值不同,反应自燃燃点温度也不同,约变化12℃.气氛对于280℃前凝胶热分解过程没有影响,但在280℃后对物相形成有较大影响.pH值调节剂种类对凝胶燃烧进程,反应剧烈程度及磁性能有很大影响,且可以通过调节剂的种类得到不同粒径的纳米晶锰锌铁氧体粉体.     

静电纺丝法制备磁铅石型Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19纳米纤维及其磁性研究

采用静电纺丝结合溶胶-凝胶技术于800℃煅烧制备了铁氧体Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19纳米纤维,利用XRD、SEM、EDS、TEM分别对样品的物相、形貌、结构等进行了表征.结果表明,所得产物为六方磁铅石型Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12-O19多晶纤维,纤维直径为100～500nm,Scherrer公式计算晶粒尺寸为40nm.采用振动样品磁强计(VSM)表征样品的磁性能,饱和磁化强度、剩余磁化强度和矫顽力分别为66.659emu/g、35.093emu/g和5097.2Oe,与用传统溶胶-凝胶法在相同温度下煅烧制得的粉体样品相比,磁性能明显提高.     

锰锌铁氧体纳米粒子的制备和磁性能研究

以金属离子的硫酸盐溶液和氨水溶液为原料,采用水热法制备了粒径为6～16nm的锰锌铁氧体纳米粒子.采用XRD、TEM、TGA和VSM等方法对产物以及产物的磁性能进行了表征.结果表明,锰锌铁氧体(Mn1-xZnxFe2O4)的居里温度随着锌的相对含量x的增加而单调的降低.锰锌铁氧体的磁化强度先随着锌的相对含量x的增加而增大,当锌的相对含量＞0.6时,磁化强度随着锌的相对含量x的增加而减小.测量了锰锌铁氧体磁流体的饱和磁化强度,计算了锰锌铁氧体(Mn0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4)纳米粒子的磁矩,其值为1.01×10-19A·m2.     

NiCuZn铁氧体的制备和磁性研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列镍铜锌铁氧体微粉.借助于TG-DTA、XRD、SEM、VSM技术,对干凝胶的热分解过程、产物的物相、微观结构和磁性能进行研究.结果表明,反应温度为30℃,镍铜锌铁氧体微粉经800℃烧结后可以转变成尖晶石相,然而,反应温度为50℃,无法获得纯的镍锌铁氧体晶体,而且,由于杂质粒子的存在,饱和磁化强度...     

pH值对溶液燃烧法制备纳米LaFeO3的影响

以硝酸镧和硝酸铁为氧化剂,柠檬酸为燃料,采用溶液燃烧法制备了钙钛矿型LaFeO3.通过XRD和SEM研究了分别以氨水和NaOH溶液为pH调节剂,前驱物溶液pH值对制备的纳米LaFe03粉体的晶相组成和微观形貌的影响.结果表明不同的pH调节剂和前驱物溶液pH值对燃烧产物的晶相组成、晶粒大小和微观相貌都有显著的影响.氨水调...     

pH值对溶胶凝胶-燃烧合成纳米晶LaMnO_3粉末的影响

以硝酸镧、硝酸锰和柠檬酸为原料,采用溶胶凝胶燃烧合成技术制备了超细LaMnO3粉末。借助XRD、DTA、SEM、FT-IR等分析仪器研究了溶胶凝胶-燃烧合成技术合成超细LaMnO3粉末的过程,着重讨论了前驱体溶液不同pH值对溶胶凝胶燃烧合成过程及合成产物的影响。结果发现,采用溶胶凝胶燃烧合成技术能合成纳米晶的LaMnO3粉末,随前驱体溶液pH值增加,燃烧反应速率增加,合成粉体的平均晶粒尺寸随pH值增加而减小。通过控制前驱体溶液pH值能一步合成超细LaMnO3颗粒(粒径200nm)。     

蜂窝状钡铁氧体空心微球的制备与表征

以Fe(NO3)3和Ba(NO3)2为原料,乙醇为扩孔剂,采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧法制得蜂窝状钡铁氧体空心微球。采用红外光谱(IR)和综合热分析仪(TG-DSC)分析燃烧后样品的热分解过程;采用电子探针(EPMA)、粉体X-射线衍射(XRD)和振荡样品磁强计(VSM)对蜂窝状钡铁氧体空心微球的微观结构和磁性进行测试。结果表明:在700℃煅烧2h可得到具有介孔和大孔复杂微观结构的蜂窝状钡铁氧体空心微球,粒度约20μm,其矫顽力为4998.0Oe,比饱和磁化强度为53.4emu/g,比剩余磁化强度为31.5emu/g。     

M型钡铁氧体制备的工艺优选

M型钡铁氧体(BaFe12O19)具有原料便宜、化学稳定性优异、矫顽力和磁能积较高、单轴磁晶各向异性以及化学稳定性优异等优点,因而被广泛用作微波毫米波段材料、微波吸收材料和高密度垂直磁记录介质等.研究了溶胶-凝胶法和自蔓延法相结合制备M型钡铁氧体(BaFe12O19)粉末过程中,起始溶液的组成、前驱体溶液pH值、烧结温度和表面活性剂等因素对产物性能的影响.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(sEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对粉末的结构、形貌以及磁性能进行了表征.结果表明:前躯体溶液pH值为7.0,柠檬酸与金属离子摩尔比为2:1,自蔓延燃烧后的粉体在烧结温度1 180℃煅烧,能够形成单一、均匀的M型钡铁氧体.所制备的M型钡铁氧体的最佳磁性:饱和磁化强度(Ms)64.53 emu/g,剩余磁化强度(Mr)28.21 emu/g,矫顽力(Hc)2.696 kOe.     

用鸡蛋蛋清作络合剂制备MnFe2O4尖晶石铁氧体的方法

介绍了一种以新鲜蛋清蛋白为络合剂,用溶胶-凝胶法制备MnFe2O4尖晶石铁氧体的新方法,并探索最佳合成条件.研究发现此法反应条件温和且性能较好,最低可以在450℃C下制成单相MnFe2O4尖晶石铁氧体,最佳制备条件为500℃烧结 5h并淬火.最佳条件下制备的铁氧体结晶度好,粒度均匀且粒径大小在15nm左右,室温下具有较高的比饱和磁化强度和矫顽力,分别为54.07emu·g-1和3380e,剩磁比Mr/Ms=0.273.     

共沉淀法制备锰锌铁氧体粉工艺条件研究

以FeCl3、ZnSO4·7H2O、MnSO4·H2O为原料,利用化学共沉淀法合成了锰锌铁氧体前驱体,然后对前驱体进行不同温度的热处理,并通过XRD、SEM、VSM对产物的结构、形貌、磁性能进行了表征,结果显示,在温度850℃,保温2h处理后,得到的锰锌铁氧体晶化最好,产物的晶型为立方晶系的尖晶石型,此条件下合成的锰锌铁氧体粉的比磁化饱和强度为88.97emu/g.     

花状ZnO超细结构的水热自组装

通过简单的水热合成路线,合成出由ZnO纳米棒束组装的花状结构.其组成结构单元ZnO纳米棒沿［001］晶向生长,呈很好的单晶结构.大部分纳米棒直径约为500nm,长约6.0μm.研究结果表明,在无水乙二胺存在的条件下,氨水（28%, v/v）在ZnO花状结构的形成过程中起到了至关重要的作用.调节氨水的含量,组成结构单元ZnO纳米棒可以组装成不同的花状结构.当加入氨水的量使得溶液的pH值达到10时,即可得到由ZnO纳米棒束组装成的花状结构,并简单讨论了这种花状结构的形状结构的形成机理.      

Physicochemical Properties of Nanocrystallite Copper Ferrite Prepared by a Novel Self Flash Combustion of Acetate Precursors

1.IntroductionThe fast developments in science and technologyneed materials with specific properties to satisfy the re-quirements of the area of application.Metallic oxidesare important class of compounds and among them,ferrites are most prominent by virtue of their spinelstructure with high thermodynamic stability,magneticproperties[1~3],and electrical conductivity[4~6]and cat-alytic activity[7~9]in addition to their resistance to cor-rosion and so they are used in telecommunication,per-manen…     

Magnetic and catalytic properties of Cu0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanocrystallite powders

Cu0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanocrystallite powders (average size 13 nm) were synthesized from Cu-Zn spent catalyst (fertilizers) industries and ferrous sulfate wastes formed during iron and steel making. Cu-Zn catalyst (22.4% Cu and 26.4% Zn) was chemically treated with sulfuric acid at temperature 80 degrees C for 1 hr for the complete dissolving of copper and zinc into sulfate solution, then the produced solution was mixed with stoichiometric ratio of ferrous sulfate and the mixture was chemically precipitated as hydroxides followed by hydrothermal processing. The parameters affecting the magnetic properties and crystallite size of the produced ferrites powder e.g., temperature, time, and pH were systemically studied. X-ray diffraction analysis was used in order to determine the average crystallite size and phase identifications of the produced powder. The magnetic properties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometry. The results showed that the average crystallite size of the powder decreased for the ferrites powder formed at 150 degrees C and then increased by increasing the temperature to 200 degrees C. Interestingly, the saturation magnetization (Bs), remanent magnetization (Br) and coercive force (Hc) were 25.03 emu/g, 0.71 emu/g, and 4.83 Oe, respectively at hydrothermal temperature 150 degrees C for 24 hr and changed to 16.38 emu/g, 0.3864 emu/g, and 5.2 Oe at 150 degrees C and 72 hr. The produced nanoferrite powders are used for studying the catalytic activity of CO conversion to CO2 at different temperatures, pH and times. The maximum conversion (82%) is obtained at temperature 150 degrees C for 24 hrs and pH 12.     

Influence of pH on the synthesis and characterization of CuO powder for thick film room-temperature NH3 gas sensor

CuO films of 51 μm thickness have been fabricated from nanocrystalline powder, which has been synthesized by a sol–gel auto-combustion method at different pH values of the precursor solution. Studies reveal that the pH value of the precursor solution strongly affects the decomposition rate of the metal–citrate complex formed by precursors (cupric nitrate and citric acid). Structural characterization of the powder samples shows a considerable change in agglomeration behavior, crystallite size and strain with variation in pH value of the precursor solution. Studies show that high pH reaction conditions results in the production of highly porous CuO nanoparticles with lowest crystallite size of 27 nm. Thick films of the synthesized material show an extremely high response of 0.941 to few parts per million level of ammonia at room temperature as well as possesses good stability for a long period of time. The adsorption of ammonia on the sensor surface obeys Elovich equation and the reaction kinetics followed is of first order. The lowest potential barrier of 0.50 MΩ and highest rate constant of 0.0136 s⁻¹ have been found for ammonia adsorption on the sensor surface in case of film fabricated from CuO powder synthesized at high pH value of precursor.     

纳米晶复合SrM永磁铁氧体的制备和交换耦合作用

采用sol-gel方法制备M型六角锶铁氧体。利用X光衍射、透射电子显微镜和VSM对纳米晶样品进行了研究。当热处理温度小于 80 0℃ ,样品存在复相。在同样条件下 ,压成薄片的样品存在硬磁与软磁SrFe12 O19/γ Fe2 O3 的纳米复合相的磁性交换耦合作用。温度为 80 0℃的薄片样品 ,比饱和磁化强度σS 为 75 .6emu/g ,内禀矫顽力Hcj 为6 0 15Oe ,最大磁能积 (BH) Max 为 1.87MGOe ,而粉末样品相应的分别为 75 .9emu/ g ,6 40 0Oe和 1.5 2MGOe。当热处理温度大于 85 0℃时 ,只有单一M相     

聚乙二醇体系中含铜化合物液相热解法制备纳米铜粉

以聚乙二醇(PEG200)为分散介质,氢氧化铜为铜源,采用液相热解法制备纳米铜粉。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对产物进行表征,考察了不同种类的络合剂和表面活性剂对纳米铜粒径和形貌的影响。研究结果表明:在PEG200分散介质中于220℃恒温3h可以得到单质铜粉,其结晶性较好,粒径为30~40nm;添加乙二胺络合剂可得到纤维状的纳米铜粉,用乙二胺络合再添加不同的表面活性剂能减小纳米铜粉的粒径并改变其形貌;在纳米铜的制备中PEG同时起着还原剂和结构导向剂的作用。     

One-step wet chemistry for preparation of magnetite nanorods

A magnetite with high aspect ratio has been synthesized by a wet chemical process. A surfactant, polyethylene glycol, was used as the template, and a ferrous ammonia sulphate was used as iron source. In the one-step synthesis, a suitable ratio between the rates of deposition and oxidation of ferrous ions was achieved by adjusting the diffusion of ammonia and resulted in the iron oxide deposited with nanorod morphology. According to X-ray powder diffraction analysis, these nanorods crystallize in structure of magnetite phase. Transition electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction investigations have revealed that nanorods are single crystal and up to 2000 nm long and their diameters generally range from 20 to 100 nm. The measurement by vibration sample magnetization shows the magnetization of the as-synthesized nanorods is higher than 50 emu/g. The presented one-step synthesis approach provides an advantageous access to large quantity of this important anisotropic nanomaterial.     

溶胶-凝胶自蔓延法制备球形纳米铜粉

以硝酸铜、柠檬酸为原料,利用氨水调节pH制备溶胶,将溶胶蒸发干燥得到的干凝胶通过自蔓延法制得金属铜纳米粉体,研究pH在制备溶胶-凝胶过程中对成胶时间的影响,以及pH、自蔓延温度对产物组成的影响;通过差热分析、X射线衍射和扫描电镜分别对凝胶的热分解机制、产物的物相组成以及形貌和粒度进行分析。结果表明,当pH=6～7时,形成的凝胶均一,凝胶时间最短(4 h);当自蔓延反应温度为250℃时,可以制得粒径为50～70 nm的球形纳米铜颗粒。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2粉体及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为前驱物,无水乙醇为溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2粉体,并采用紫外分光光度计、XRD等表征手段对TiO2的粒度、晶型结构进行了表征,分析了煅烧温度、TiO2晶型比例、溶液初始pH值等因素对TiO2结构性能及光催化活性的影响.结果表明:TiO2的锐钛矿晶型与金红石晶型的转相温度为700 ℃左右;采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2时,控制溶液的pH值为4,煅烧温度为600 ℃,所得产物晶型全部为锐钛矿;当无水乙醇与钛酸丁酯的体积比为10:1时,产物的粒径为617 nm;且当配制溶液pH值为4,煅烧温度为600℃条件下,煅烧时间为40~60 min时,所制备TiO2的光催化效果较好,降解率较高;当光催化体系的pH值为9、以质量浓度为10 mg/L的亚甲基兰溶液浸泡2 h,TiO2的用量为0.25 g/L时,产物的降解率高达95.3%.