聚多巴胺功能化纳米银粒子制备及抗菌性能

采用一步法,以聚多巴胺(PDA)为还原剂和保护剂,制备PDA功能化的纳米银粒子(PDA-nanoAg)。提出PDA-nanoAg合成机理,并考察其在水相中的分散稳定性。通过紫外-可见吸收分光光度计(UV-Vis)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对产物形貌和结构进行表征。采用肉汤稀释法测试PDAnanoAg的抗菌性能。结果表明,所制备的PDA-nanoAg平均粒径为50 nm,具有良好的稳定分散性;对埃希氏大肠杆菌(E.coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为7.56 mg/L,最小杀菌浓度(MBC)为30.24mg/L。     

聚多巴胺改性双醛壳聚糖的制备及其吸附性能

以壳聚糖(CS)为基材，采用高碘酸钠选择性氧化制备了双醛壳聚糖(DCS)，再通过接枝聚多巴胺(PDA)制得了环保型聚多巴胺/双醛壳聚糖(PDA/DCS)。采用SEM、FTIR、N₂吸附-脱附、XRD对两种改性壳聚糖进行了表征，并测试了其对胭脂红的吸附性能。结果表明，CS被高碘酸钠氧化后引入的活性基团醛基可与PDA产生共价结合，选择性氧化有效提高了DCS和PDA/DCS的吸附效果；与原CS相比，DCS结晶度明显下降，孔隙率和比表面积提高，PDA/DCS呈现较密集的多孔结构。DCS和PDA/DCS对胭脂红的吸附过程均遵循准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温模型；但与DCS相比，PDA/DCS的吸附速率及吸附量明显提升，当染料初始质量浓度为700 mg/L时，PDA/DCS最大单分子层吸附量可达到1194.4 mg/g，且经过5次循环使用后，其吸附量仍达到616.90 mg/g。     

乙肝表面抗原在微球表面的吸附行为、活性和结构变化

采用快速膜乳化技术结合溶剂挥发法制备了尺寸均一的聚乳酸(PLA)微球,平均粒径为800 nm左右,并采用PLA微球对乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)进行了吸附研究,考察了pH值、盐浓度、微球用量、HBsAg浓度及吸附温度对HBsAg吸附率、活性和结构的影响. 结果表明,在pH 6.0的磷酸缓冲溶液中,NaCl浓度为20 g/L、微球用量为20 mg/mL、HBsAg浓度为10 mg/mL、吸附温度为37℃的条件下,HBsAg吸附率可达60%左右. 4℃下,pH值为8.0及NaCl浓度为1 g/L、微球用量为2 mg/mL及HBsAg浓度为300 mg/mL时,HBsAg活性保留可达98%以上.     

基于柠檬酸/乙二胺-碳量子点制备荧光传感器

利用柠檬酸(CA)为碳源,乙二胺(EDA)为氮源通过微波加热法合成柠檬酸/乙二胺碳点(CA/EDA-CQDs)。采用静电结合法,将CA/EDA-CQDs固定在毛细管内表面,制备了一种荧光传感器。考察了CA/EDA-CQDs与聚丙烯酸(PAA)溶液浓度、pH对固定化影响。优化的固定化条件为:CA/EDA-CQDs浓度为15 mg/L,pH为3,PAA浓度为6 mg/L,pH为3。制备的传感器对Fe⁽³⁺⁾有特异性响应。     

基于柠檬酸/乙二胺-碳量子点制备荧光传感器

利用柠檬酸(CA)为碳源,乙二胺(EDA)为氮源通过微波加热法合成柠檬酸/乙二胺碳点(CA/EDA-CQDs)。采用静电结合法,将CA/EDA-CQDs固定在毛细管内表面,制备了一种荧光传感器。考察了CA/EDA-CQDs与聚丙烯酸(PAA)溶液浓度、pH对固定化影响。优化的固定化条件为:CA/EDA-CQDs浓度为15 mg/L,pH为3,PAA浓度为6 mg/L,pH为3。制备的传感器对Fe~(3+)有特异性响应。     

真菌对重金属的抗性及机理研究

介绍了重金属污染地土壤中筛选的真菌1#菌和黑曲霉对重金属的抗性,确定不同重金属对不同菌体的M IC(最小抑制浓度),确定具有金属抗性的优势菌种。结果表明,Cu2+对黑曲霉和真菌1#菌的最小抑制浓度分别为300 mg/L和400 mg/L,Zn2+对黑曲霉和真菌1#菌的M IC(最小抑制浓度)分别为600 mg/L和800 mg/L。     

稀土三元配合物的合成、表征及其生物活性研究

以氯化镧、席夫碱、邻菲啰啉为原料,制备了新型稀土镧三元配合物,通过元素分析、紫外光谱、红外光谱、透射电子显微镜等手段对其进行了表征,确定了三元配合物的化学组成为La(L)phen(NO3)3C2H5OH.CH3OH。抗菌实验结果表明,配合物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径分别为26 mm和20 mm,最小抑菌浓度分别为60 mg/L和130 mg/L,具有较强的抑制作用,且对大肠杆菌的抑制效果较强。     

不同Si/B比含银可溶性玻璃结构与抗菌性能

利用XRD测试分析手段对制备的Si-B-Zn-Ca-P-Ag-O系统分析,实验结果表明:随着体系中Si/B比的不同,抗菌材料结构发生从晶体到玻璃体的变化过程,并且在Si/B=3和5(molar ratio)时具有良好的抗菌效果,MIC(最小抑菌浓度)值分别为50mg/L和100mg/L.同时把生成的抗菌材料放在80℃的水中做耐久性实验,实验结果表明Ag离子是随着时间缓慢释放出来的,Si/B=3和5时的溶出量(3.00mg/L和2.35mg/L)明显高于Si/B=1和8.4时的溶出量(0.85 mg/L和0.53 mg/L).     

星点设计-效应面法优化鸦胆子油乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物微球的制备工艺研究

采用乳化溶剂挥发法制备鸦胆子油PLGA微球,以微球的包封率为评价指标,应用星点设计-效应面法考察乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)的质量浓度、聚乙烯醇(PVA)的质量浓度、鸦胆子油的药物质量浓度对制备工艺的影响,对结果进行多元线性回归和二项式拟合,效应面法优选最佳工艺条件,得到优化后的处方工艺为PLGA质量浓度为6.01mg/m L,PVA的质量浓度为26.52 mg/m L,鸦胆子油的药物质量浓度为90.28 mg/m L,油酸的实测平均包封率为93.8%,与预测值相比,偏差为6.1%。     

微波辅助纳米Cu(OH)_2/ZnO复合材料的合成与光催化研究

以乙酸锌、氢氧化锂、氯化铜为原料,采用微波辅助加热溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同尺寸的ZnO和Cu(OH)2/ZnO复合型光催化剂,并用XRD、UV-Vis、HR-TEM、IR和SAED对其进行了表征。采用15 W的紫外灯和室外可见光作为光源,活性艳蓝X-BR为光催化反应模型污染物,研究了在各种不同制备条件下ZnO以及Cu(OH)2/ZnO的光催化性能。实验结果表明,在温度50℃下反应10 min,所合成的ZnO粒径最小,为2.59 nm,蓝移现象最明显,说明其光催化活性最佳。在紫外光下,对浓度为40 mg?L?1的活性艳蓝X-BR溶液进行光催化降解,当降解时间为100 min时,光降解率可达到78%。所制备的Cu(OH)2/ZnO(铜锌质量比3:7)复合材料其分散性最好,团聚现象最小。对浓度为40 mg?L?1的活性艳蓝X-BR溶液进行光化学降解,当降解温度为120℃时,光降解率可达到84%。     

Facile synthesis,characterization and antibacterial activity of nanostructured palladium loaded silicon carbide

In this work, noble metal (Palladium) loaded silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using a single step synthetic route and its antibacterial action against gram-negative (E. coli) and gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria have been investigated. The structural and morphological characterizations of pure SiC and Palladium (Pd) loaded SiC nanoparticles were carried out by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Elemental mapping and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The characterizations results offer substantial proof that the SiC surface was successfully decorated by Pd. Furthermore the EDS analysis reveals that the product contained Pd as well as W and O, thus reaffirming the production of Pd loaded SiC nanoparticles. The MICs and MBCs values examined by standard agar dilution methods show that MICs and MBCs values of pure SiC were >?16 and >?32?mg/ml, respectively against E. coli and S. aureus, whereas Pd loaded SiC nanoparticles exhibited MIC and MBC value of 4?mg/ml and 8?mg/ml, respectively. The morphological and structural alterations caused by SiC and Pd loaded SiC nanoparticles on E. coli and S. aureus cells were further investigated by SEM analysis. A noteworthy improvement in antibacterial performance was observed, when E. coli and S. aureus cells were exposed to Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded silicon carbide (SiC). The results obtained show a significant impact by loading Pd on SiC in the deactivation of microorganisms in vitro.     

负载纳米银的埃洛石纳米管/聚醚砜杂化超滤膜的制备

以聚醚砜(PES)为膜材料,N, N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和负载纳米银的埃洛石纳米管(Ag- HNTs)为添加剂,采用相转化法制备聚醚砜超滤膜。系统地考察了添加剂(Ag- HNTs)含量对膜性能的影响,并用抑菌圈试验研究了所制膜的抗菌效果。结果表明：硅烷偶联剂KH-792中的甲氧基与HNTs上的羟基成功地发生反应,并且接枝量为0.105g (KH-792)?g -1 (HNTs);改性后的HNTs与Ag成功地发生络合反应,并且络合量近似为0.145g (Ag)?g -1 (HNTs);溶剂中负载纳米银的埃洛石纳米管(Ag- HNTs)所占比例的增加能提高膜的水通量,而截留率保持在95%左右。所制备的膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有较强的抑制作用。     

白炭黑载锌无机抗菌剂制备与性能研究

以白炭黑(无定型SiO2)为载体,采用水浴加热搅拌法,通过白炭黑负载Zn2+制备抗菌剂前驱体和前驱体焙烧固化制备了白炭黑载锌无机抗菌剂,并将其在涂料中添加制备了抗菌涂料.对Zn2+浓度、白炭黑固含量、混合液pH值、焙烧温度、焙烧时间等抗菌剂制备条件进行了试验考察和优化,对白炭黑载锌无机抗菌剂和抗菌涂料性能进行了测试表征.结果表明,白炭黑载锌无机抗菌剂和抗菌涂料均具有良好的抑菌性,其中,白炭黑载锌无机抗菌剂最小抑菌浓度为:对大肠杆菌19 mg/mL,对金黄色葡萄球菌6 mg/mL;添加8wt%白炭黑载锌无机抗菌剂涂料抗菌率为:对大肠杆菌90.48%,对金黄色葡萄球菌98.77%.     

新型吲哚类防污剂抑菌性能评价

对6种含TBG衍生结构的N-取代吲哚衍生物进行了抑菌活性检测。结果表明,各吲哚衍生物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌两种供试菌株均有一定的生长抑制作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌的作用明显优于对大肠杆菌的作用。其中ClG-BP抑菌效果最好,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌最小抑菌质量浓度分别为0.12 mg/mL、0.01 mg/mL。各化合物抑菌性能相对大小为:ClG-BP>ClG>BrG-BP>ClG-MP>BrG>BrG-MP。     

Bactericidal activity of silver nanoparticles supported on microporous titanosilicate ETS-10

The bactericidal activity of Ag nanoparticles supported on microporous titanosilicate ETS-10 was investigated. The nanoparticles were prepared by ion exchange followed by in situ reduction with NaBH₄ and characterized using XRD, XPS, HRTEM, and UV techniques. The Ag nanoparticles immobilized on ETS-10 were found to be stable against leaching with a concentration in an aqueous phase of less than the World Health Organization (WHO) specified secondary minimum concentration level. In comparison with the as-synthesized ETS-10 and Ag-exchanged ETS-10 materials, the ETS-10 materials containing an optimum amount of Ag nanoparticles were observed to exhibit a significantly enhanced bactericidal activity and a longer lifetime towards microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli.     

Proposal of Using Ozonated Water to Control Biofilm Formation on Mouth-Related Devices

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness and dental applications of ozonated water generated by portable equipment (0.667 mg/L). Total elimination of C. albicans, E. coli and S. mutans planktonic cells was observed after 5 min. Reduction in the number of viable cells of biofilms formed on acrylic resin was observed for C. albicans, S. mutans and E. coli. The same effect was observed on biofilms of E. coli, S. aureus, S. mutans and C. albicans formed on stainless steel. Ozonated water was effective for the disinfection of experimentally contaminated toothbrushes.     

纳米银@石墨烯复合材料的绿色制备及其抑菌性能

以聚乙二醇为还原剂通过水热反应,还原氧化石墨烯同时在石墨烯表面原位生长银纳米粒子,制备纳米银@石墨烯复合材料。采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、X射线衍射、红外吸收光谱、透射电子显微镜对所制备的纳米银@石墨烯复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,银以单质形态成功负载在石墨烯表面,银纳米粒子的平均粒径为30nm。以大肠杆菌为模型对纳米复合材料的抑菌性能进行测试,纳米银@石墨烯复合材料在100 mg/L时可以完全抑制大肠杆菌的生长,是一种效果显著的新型抑菌材料。     

Preparation and characterization of antifouling and antibacterial polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes incorporated with a silver–polydopamine nanohybrid

A silver–polydopamine (Ag–PDA) nanohybird was used to produce polysulfone (PSf) ultrafiltration membranes with excellent antifouling and antibacterial properties. First, the catechol functional groups of polydopamine (PDA) helped with the in situ immobilization of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (<10 nm) on the PDA sphere surface; this led to the formation of the Ag–PDA nanohybrid. Then, Ag–PDA/PSf hybrid membranes were prepared via the phase‐inversion method, and the influence of Ag–PDA loading on the hybrid membrane properties was systematically investigated. When the content of Ag–PDA was 0.5 wt %, the hybrid membrane achieved optimal separation performance, including a dramatically increased pure water flux and a well‐maintained bovine serum albumin rejection. Furthermore, the Ag–PDA/PSf hybrid membranes presented a significantly enhanced protein‐fouling resistance and a good antibacterial activity. These improvements were attributed to the unique structure and properties of the Ag–PDA nanohybrid because of the synergistic effect of the hydrophilic PDA substrate and well‐distributed Ag nanoparticles. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46430.     

具类辣素结构乙酰胺的合成及其抑菌、抑藻性能

以取代芳香烃和N-羟甲基乙酰胺为原料,采用傅-克烷基化反应设计合成了7种具类辣素结构乙酰胺化合物(Ⅰ～Ⅶ)。利用IR和~1HNMR对其结构进行了表征。以大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为受试菌评价了其抑菌活性,以三角褐指藻、中肋骨条藻和旋链角毛藻为受试藻评价了其抑藻活性。结果表明:7种化合物对2种菌和3种藻均具有较好的抑制作用,其中以3-乙酰胺甲基-4-肉桂苯酚(Ⅶ)的抑制作用最好,最小抑菌浓度可达到0.0625 g/L,且质量浓度为3 g/L时抑菌率与抑藻率均超过90%。