基于空间需求的大型客机座椅造型风格设计研究

文章的目的是从空间需求的视角对客机座椅造型风格的设计方法进行探讨。基于环境心理学的对基本需求的理解,将空间需求与影响造型风格的要素对应起来,以客机座椅造型设计的方案为对象进行分析和研究。刺激性、安全感、标识性三个重要的需求可以通过设计过的环境得到满足。三种空间的需求是一种共存、且相互牵制的关系,根据定位的不同,其中某一个需求上会占主导作用,从而主导造型风格设计的方向。合理协调三个基本空间需求之间的关系,可以使产品造型风格的设计过程变得更加理性。     

Coach design for the Korean high-speed train: a systematic approach to passenger seat design and layout

Proper ergonomic design of a passenger seat and coach layout for a high-speed train is an essential component that is directly related to passenger comfort. In this research, a systematic approach to the design of passenger seats was described and the coach layout which reflected the tradeoff between transportation capacity and passenger comfort was investigated for the Korean high-speed train. As a result, design recommendations and specifications of the passenger seat and its layout were suggested. The whole design process is composed of four stages. A survey and analysis of design requirement was first conducted, which formed the base for designing the first and second class passenger seats. Prototypes were made and evaluated iteratively, and seat arrangement and coach layout were finally obtained. The systematic approach and recommendations suggested in this study are expected to be applicable to the seat design for public transportations and to help modify and redesign existing vehicular seats.     

视频监控系统中多路音频联网器的设计与实现

针对牢房视频监控的实际需求,提出了一种多路音频联网器的总体设计方案,使进入联网器的每一路视频信号都能够在指定的一路或多路监视器上输出,同时完成音频信号的同步切换,从而实现了多系统间音视频信号的传输控制,使构建分布式、智能化的监控系统成为可能.详细介绍了联网器的硬件设计原理和软件流程图.     

一种智能压力传感器无线数据采集系统的设计

介绍了一种智能压力传感器测量电路的设计方法,并通过软件的方法实现温度补偿,最后通过无线收发模块nRF401[1]实现数据的无线传输.该系统可以在一些特殊的场所实现信号的采集、处理和发送,解决了复杂的现场连线,并且具有成本低、可靠性好、实用性强等优点.     

基于CAN总线的汽车轮速传感器设计

传感器网络化是传感器领域发展的一项新兴技术。它在统一网络协议的基础上实现传感器信号的数字化、网络化的变送。介绍了一种基于CAN总线的汽车轮速传感器的设计方法及有关芯片的功能,设计研究了轮速传感器信号处理电路并用单片微机进行信号的采集和处理。所设计的传感器测速系统测量实用性强、准确度高,具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于数字技术的某机载通话系统的设计和实现

语音通信是教练机机内人员间相互沟通的重要工具, 为此, 提出了某机载通话系统的数字化设计方案。详细介绍了该系统的工作原理、软硬件设计思想, 分析讨论了应用中的一些实际问题。实现了机内主驾驶员、副驾驶员、教练员、地勤维护人员以及地面电台间的语音通话, 同时也可实时传输、监听地面及教练机内的控制信号。     

Possibilities to improve the aircraft interior comfort experience

Comfort plays an increasingly important role in the interior design of airplanes. Although ample research has been conducted on airplane design technology, only a small amount of public scientific information is available addressing the passenger's opinion. In this study, more than 10,000 internet trip reports and 153 passenger interviews were used to gather opinions about aspects which need to be improved in order to design a more comfortable aircraft interior. The results show clear relationships between comfort and legroom, hygiene, crew attention and seat/personal space. Passengers rate the newer planes significantly better than older ones, indicating that attention to design for comfort has proven effective. The study also shows that rude flight attendants and bad hygiene reduce the comfort experience drastically and that a high comfort rating is related to higher "fly again" values.     

基于无线传感器的远程测控系统的设计与实现

论述了以通用分组无线业务(GPRS)网络为通信平台的远程无线测控系统的设计与实现。结合IEEE1451.2标准的智能传感器,提出了基于TCP/IP协议的无线网络化智能传感器的概念,给出了传感器的功能模型,描述了其设计与实现过程。最后,介绍了测控系统的应用。     

两总线智能化气体检测系统

根据提供的两总线智能化的气体检测系统的工作原理及设计方法,所制成的探测器采用催化燃烧式传感器的特点:是以棒调节零点和增益;通讯采用直流电源载波方法;信号线与电源线公用.由此,不仅降低了布线成本,而且提高了系统可靠性.     

A psychophysical evaluation of interior design alternatives for a high speed train

The magnitude estimation technique was used to evaluate several interior design alternatives for a high speed train. Design factors considered in this study include direction of passenger seats; passenger activity; and passenger age. The results showed that the passenger seat should be able to be arranged toward the traveling direction of the train. Also, a variety of convenience facilities could enhance the passenger comfort. These results were validated by using two different dependent measures. This paper demonstrates the use of psychophysical measurement techniques when it is difficult to express subjective preference in the form of quantitative data for making engineering decisions.     

An architecture for a VLSI sensory–motor system for obstacle avoidance

This paper presents a signal processing architecture for a sensory–motor system based on the smart sensor paradigm. The architecture is designed for an obstacle avoidance task by a mobile robot in an unstructured environment. Drawing inspiration from the field of behavior-based robotics, the development of the architecture is guided by an emphasis on the requirements of an obstacle avoidance behavior for a mobile robot. The architecture is simple enough for a smart sensor, but incorporates features which enable it to deal with realistic, unstructured environments. It differs from existing systems by using a special foveation scheme to facilitate the detection of real-world objects. From this, a motor control signal is produced by using a biologically inspired technique of aligning sensory and motor maps. The effectiveness of the architecture is explored through computer simulation, including an obstacle avoidance simulation in a 3D virtual environment.     

A flexible mixed-signal image processing pipeline using 3D chip stacks

This work presents a highly flexible mixed-signal CMOS image sensor suitable for smart camera applications. These systems need to fit different constraints regarding power consumption, speed and quality, and the optimal compromise may differ depending on the application. Moreover, the best implementation of a desired image processing task may be in the analog or the digital domain, or even a combined computation. Different aspects starting from the image sensor and signal acquisition up to the pre-processing in analog and digital domain are investigated in this paper to optimize not just one part of the system, but the whole system altogether. Moreover, it is shown that analog processing algorithms can improve signal quality, processing speed and latency while being able to save power, which is important for real-time systems. In order to be able to carry out spatial operations, the state-of-the-art sensor is modified to be able to read out multiple pixels at the same time. This allows analog spatial filter operations which consume significantly less power. As an example, an averaging filter is described which needs less than 5.3 % of the power–time product of a digital implementation for one computation. To enhance data throughput and flexibility, 3D chip stacking is proposed to partition the sensor in smaller units and enable massively parallel processing.     

Development of smart sensors system for machine fault diagnosis

Machine fault diagnosis is a traditional maintenance problem. In the past, the maintenance using tradition sensors is money-cost, which limits wide application in industry. To develop a cost-effective maintenance technique, this paper presents a novel research using smart sensor systems for machine fault diagnosis. In this paper, a smart sensors system is developed which acquires three types of signals involving vibration, current, and flux from induction motors. And then, support vector machine, linear discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbors, and random forests algorithm are employed as classifiers for fault diagnosis. The parameters of these classifiers are optimized by using cross-validation method. The experimental results show that smart sensor system has the similar performance for applying in intelligent machine fault diagnosis with reduced product cost. Developed smart sensors have feasibility to apply for intelligent fault diagnosis.     

变压器绝缘纸板微水分测量系统

采用介电法与称重法结合试验的方法对绝缘纸板在线干燥过程进行研究。介绍一种基于AT89S51单片机的便携式纸板微水分实时测量系统,它可用于变压器绝缘纸板中微量水分的介电频谱法测量,能够实现测量系统中不同频率正弦驱动信号的发生以及对电容式传感器反馈的信号进行数据处理及水分值显示的功能,专门设计的电容式传感器可以感应干燥罐中器身的微水分变化。描述了系统的硬件结构和软件设计。     

飞机力纷争均衡分析和研究

针对某型号飞机余度作动系统力纷争现象,分析其产生的原因,建立力纷争均衡算法,以缓解力纷争现象,达到同舵面不同作动器间负载均分的目的。通过建立力纷争均衡的控制系统仿真模型,与物理试验结果作比较,计算力纷争均衡指令,对原舵面位置控制指令产生偏置信号,以均衡同一舵面不同作动器的两腔压差。运用仿真分析和物理试验相结合的方法对解决多余度作动系统力纷争现象的方法进行进一步探究,在建立原理性试验平台的同时,也为系统力纷争均衡控制律设计提供更可靠的试验评定依据。     

基于TinyOS的无线传感网络温湿度采集系统

无线传感器网络在智能家居系统中有广泛的应用前景,温度和湿度是影响室内舒适度的两个重要参数。提出了基于TinyOS的无线传感网络温湿度数据采集系统,设计了无线节点模块以及传感模块,分析了TinyOS的运行机制和开发步骤,开发了基于 TinyOS 的底层硬件驱动程序和上位机系统,组成了多跳网络。实验研究表明系统运行良好,达到了预期的设计要求。     

An easy-to-use 3D visualization system for planning context-aware applications in smart buildings

With the proliferation of wireless sensor network technologies, the context-aware applications of smart environments have become more and more popular. However, time-consuming and labor-intensive works hamper the development of smart building applications. Therefore, application developers need the proper software platforms to efficiently design the applications. Much research currently proposed the design approaches based on low-level concerns and the real-world deployments based on high-level programming abstraction are rare. Accordingly, the pressing issue is how to offer the easy-to-use tools with acceptable performance to rapidly and easily design the application scenarios for non-technical application users. Therefore, this study focuses on the application-layer simulation to propose a Visualization System of Context-aware Application Scenario Planning (VS-CaSP) for assisting non-technical developers and end-users in rapidly and easily designing the application scenario of smart buildings and in performing the acceptable and predictable simulation and evaluation. VS-CaSp applies rule-based and 3D visualization techniques to offer a 3D authoring environment integrated with real Zigbee sensor devices, where designers are able to rapidly construct immersive 3D buildings and easily plan the context-aware application scenario via GUI tool based on proposed three-tier rule hierarchy, to visually simulate and verify the planned scenario via virtual and real sensor devices, and to repeatedly modify the control strategies to enhance the deployment effectiveness. The experimental results show that VS-CaSP is easy to use for the support of quickly designing smart building applications, but not professional enough for developments of 3D modeling, animation, and rule expression. Accordingly, it is workable and expected to prove beneficial to non-technical users.     

ZigBee技术在家庭认知传感网中的应用

为实现低速率、低能耗、高可靠性的家庭认知传感网,对ZigBee技术的优缺点进行了分析,同时结合基于广电网络的智能家居体系架构建设,探讨了以数字机顶盒作为家庭网关及ZigBee网络协调器的可行性。分析结果表明,ZigBee技术完全能够满足家庭认知传感网中控制信令及感应数据的接收和发送需求,具有较高的可靠性和可用性。     

基于UGCCNet协议的环境监测系统研究

随着物联网的发展,传感器网络成为数字社区、智能楼宇以及智慧城市发展的重要技术。UGCCNet 是 IEEE1888 标准的一种网络架构协议,可支持传感器网络中的传感器通信组件、数据库、应用端间的智能信息交互、远程监控和集中管理。我们在实验室环境下搭建了一个基于UGCCNet 协议的实验监测系统。本文介绍这一实验环境的设计和部署,并对监测数据进行了分析讨论。