电弧离子镀沉积Cr-O-N活性扩散阻挡层

采用电弧离子镀技术在NiCoCrAlY涂层与高温合金基材DSM11间沉积不同成分的Cr-O—N薄膜作为扩散阻挡层，研究了900℃下氧化1400h后DSM11／Cr—O—N／NiCoCrAlY体系中Cr-O-N层阻挡合金元素互扩散的行为以及阻挡层对涂层氧化动力学曲线的影响．结果表明，Cr-O-N层在高温氧化过程中生成与涂层和基材有良好结合的富Al氧化物层，可以阻挡DSM11基体与NiCoCrAlY涂层间的元素互扩散，起到活性阻挡层的作用；Cr-O-N层中。和N含量影响生成富Al氧化物层的连续性和致密性，从而影响其阻挡元素互扩散的性能．几种成分的Cr-O-N活性扩散阻挡层对NiCoCrAlY涂层900℃下的高温氧化性能都有一定的改善作用，改善程度与阻挡层阻挡合金元素互扩散的程度保持一致．     

The adhesive behaviour of NiCrAlY coatings with Cr-O-N diffusion barriers

采用电弧离子镀技术制备了不同成分的Cr-O-N薄膜作为NiCrAlY涂层与高温合 金基材DSM11之间的扩散阻挡层. 研究了不同O2和N2流量对Cr-O-N薄膜的相含量的影响及 对NiCrAlY/Cr-O-N/DSM11体系薄膜结合强度的影响. 实验结果表明,Cr-O-N是 由Cr2O3和CrN组成的多晶膜, 两相的相对含量随O2和N2流量改变而发生变化. 扩散阻挡 层抑制元素扩散的同时降低了NiCrAlY涂层与基体间的结合强度, 且随着阻挡层中氧含量 的增加结合强度逐渐下降. 适当的氧含量可以使NiCrAlY/Cr-O-N/DSM11涂层体系具有良 好的结合强度和抗元素扩散能力.     

Cr-O-N扩散阻挡层对NiCrAlY涂层结合性能的影响

采用电弧离子镀技术制备了不同成分的Cr-O-N薄膜作为NiCrAlY涂层与高温合金基材DSM11之间的扩散阻挡层.研究了不同O2和N2流量对Cr-O-N薄膜的相含量的影响及对NiCrAlY/Cr-O-N/DSM11体系薄膜结合强度的影响.实验结果表明,Cr-O-N是由Cr2O3和CrN组成的多晶膜,两相的相对含量随O2和N2流量改变而发生变化.扩散阻挡层抑制元素扩散的同时降低了NiCrAlY涂层与基体间的结合强度,且随着阻挡层中氧含量的增加结合强度逐渐下降.适当的氧含量可以使NiCrAlY/Cr-O-N/DSM11涂层体系具有良好的结合强度和抗元素扩散能力.     

阴极弧离子镀AlCrN涂层高温氧化后XPS分析

采用阴极弧离子镀方法在Ti C基金属陶瓷刀具表面沉积了Al Cr N涂层,进行了900℃下2 h高温氧化试验。通过SEM、EDS、XRD、XPS等手段分析了Al Cr N涂层高温氧化前后表面形貌、元素组成、物相组成及元素结合能,并讨论了Al Cr N涂层高温氧化及失效机理。结果表明,氧化前Al Cr N涂层由Al N、Cr N和Cr2N物相组成,其中Cr N表现出(200)的择优取向,氧化后其物相转变为抗高温的Al2O3、Cr3O4和Ti4O3氧化物;氧化前Al Cr N涂层中Al和N以Al—N键、Cr和N以Cr—N键存在,氧化后Al与O以Al—O键、Cr与O以Cr—O键方式存在,在涂层-基体结合界面处形成了致密的扩散层。     

NiCrAlY涂层／Ni基单晶高温合金的元素扩散及界面特性

采用磁控溅射方法在Ni基单晶高温合金上沉积NiCrAlY涂层，研究了真空热处理及高温氧化过程中，NiCrAlY涂层／Ni基单晶合金界面显微结构的变化及元素扩散行为。结果表明，原始涂层成分分布比较均匀，各元素分布在涂层／基体界面呈陡然变化。真空热处理时，涂层与基体间发生互扩散，NiCrAlY涂层的显微结构和相结构发生变化：涂层／基体界面区出现互扩散层(内、外扩散层)；出现γ-Ni3Al和α-Cr两新相，导致涂层局部区域富Cr。1000℃氧化200h后，涂层／基体界面区的互扩散层增厚，并且在其下的基体中出现扩散影响层。Ta在涂层中扩散时，置换了部分γ-Ni3Al相中的Al，导致γ相的晶格常数α0增大。     

电泳共沉积NiCoCrAlY粘结层制备及抗高温氧化研究

目的 分析研究Ni基合金与粘结层之间的扩散和界面反应规律,以及其对热障涂层的抗高温氧化性能和工作寿命的影响.方法 采用电泳共沉积、真空致密化处理,在K17镍基高温合金表面制备NiCoCrAlY粘结涂层,并进行1000℃×100 h抗高温氧化实验,采用XRD、SEM、EDS分析NiCoCrAlY粘结涂层在高温氧化过程中合金元素的扩散规律.结果 高温氧化动力学曲线表明,氧化100 h制备的NiCoCrAlY粘结涂层的氧化速率为17.2134 mg/cm2,远低于K17镍基高温合金的.Ni由涂层向基体内扩散,Cr和Co向外扩散,Al向界面处扩散.电泳沉积制备的NiCoCrAlY粘结层经真空致密化处理后,涂层均匀、致密,粘结层主要由Ni3 Al、Al3 Y5 O12、Cr23 C6以及α-Al2 O3等组成.结论 NiCoCrAlY粘结涂层的抗高温氧化性高于K17镍基高温合金,在高温氧化过程中,α-Al2 O3氧化膜提高了NiCoCrAlY粘结涂层的高温抗氧化性.Ti主要来自基体的缺陷中,随着高温氧化作用,获得了由基体向外扩散所需要的能量,并且同时与氧反应生成TiO,TiO容易在粘结层表面形成泡状物质,Ti的扩散对粘结层的致密度与均匀度造成一定的影响.     

等离子喷涂 NiCoCrAlY / Al2 O3 高温固体润滑耐磨涂层的抗氧化性能研究

目的研究等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3高温固体润滑耐磨涂层在850℃时的高温抗氧化性能和抗氧化机理。方法采用喷雾造粒、化工冶金包覆技术制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合粉体,并采用等离子喷涂技术在45#钢表面制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层。采用SEM和XRD研究粉体和涂层的显微结构和物相组成,并采用马弗炉研究复合涂层在850℃的恒温氧化动力学曲线,通过研究氧化96 h以后涂层表面的组织形貌,探讨NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层的抗氧化机理。结果 NiCoCrAlY合金层均匀致密地包覆在Al2O3颗粒的表面,包覆层厚度约为3~5μm。复合粉体的主要组成为Al2O3相和NiCoCrAlY合金相,没有其他杂质相的存在。等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层氧化动力学曲线分为大斜率直线、抛物线和系数几乎为0的抛物线等3个阶段。氧化96 h以后,涂层的氧化质量增量为4.9 mg/cm2左右,表面形成了一层连续的氧化物保护膜,经EDX分析,氧化膜层主要由Al,O,Cr和Ni组成。结论等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层具有良好的高温抗氧化性能,涂层中Ni,Cr,Al的氧化以及硬质相Al2O3的加入是涂层抗氧化的主要原因。     

等离子喷涂 NiCoCrAlY / Al2 O3 涂层的制备及摩擦性能研究

目的制备等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3高温固体润滑耐磨涂层,并研究该涂层的摩擦性能和磨损机理。方法采用喷雾造粒、化工冶金包覆和固相合金化技术制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合粉体,用等离子喷涂技术在45#钢表面制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层。用SEM和XRD等手段分析粉体和涂层的显微结构和物相组成,研究涂层从室温到800℃的摩擦磨损性能,探讨NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层在室温和高温下的磨损机理。结果 Al2O3颗粒表面均匀包覆着一层致密的NiCoCrAlY合金,包覆层厚度大约为3~5μm;等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层呈典型的层状结构,涂层各层间结合良好,涂层中孔隙率约为2.84%,主晶相为Ni Cr Al合金相和Al2O3相。涂层的摩擦系数随温度的升高逐渐降低,在室温下约为0.64,800℃时在0.4以下。高温下,金属氧化物的形成是摩擦系数降低的主要原因。涂层的磨损率随温度的升高先升高后降低。涂层在低温下为脆性断裂和磨粒磨损,高温下为氧化磨损、磨粒磨损、塑性变形和金属氧化物的转移。结论等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层是一种性能优良的高温固体润滑耐磨涂层。     

镍基高温合金Al-Cr涂层的恒温氧化行为

采用电弧离子镀沉积Cr和粉末包埋法渗Al的联合工艺制备了Al-Cr涂层,并利用粉末包埋法制备了渗Al涂层,分析了2种涂层的组织结构和成分,研究了镍基高温合金DSM11基体、渗Al涂层和Al-Cr涂层在1000和1100℃下的恒温氧化行为.结果表明:渗Al涂层和Al-Cr涂层组织致密,与基体结合良好且成分分布均匀.2种涂层都明显分为2个区域:外层和互扩散区.渗Al涂层外层由b-NiAl相和Ni2Al3相组成,Al-Cr涂层外层由b-NiAl相、Ni2Al3相、a-Cr相和AlCr2相组成.AlCr涂层可以显著改善基体合金的抗氧化性能,且明显优于渗Al涂层.Al-Cr涂层优良的抗氧化性能源于在氧化过程中出现了Cr(W)析出带,能够一定程度阻碍涂层中的Al元素向基体扩散,降低了涂层退化速度,而Cr的存在可以促进Al的选择性氧化,提高涂层的自修复能力.     

大气等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-30%B4C复合涂层的氧化性能

采用化工冶金包覆、喷雾造粒和固相合金化技术制备了NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-30%B4C粉体,利用大气等离子喷涂技术制备了NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-30%B4C复合涂层,对粉体和涂层的显微结构进行了分析,并对涂层的氧化性能进行了研究。结果表明,Al2O3和B4C表面均包覆一层致密的NiCoCrAlY合金,包覆层厚度为3~5 μm。涂层呈典型的层状结构,涂层由NiCoCrAlY、Al2O3和B4C相组成。在850 ℃时,涂层的恒温氧化动力学曲线分为氧化初期的大斜率直线、氧化中期的小斜率直线和氧化后期的抛物线3个阶段。850 ℃下氧化96 h后,涂层表面生成一层连续的氧化物保护层,其外层主要由Al2O3组成,而内层则由Cr2O3和Al2O3组成。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.