聚丁二酸丁二醇酯调控丝素蛋白超细纤维膜形貌及其力学性能

为了改善静电纺再生丝素蛋白(SF)纤维膜的力学性能,通过静电纺丝技术制备丝素蛋白(SF)/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)复合超细纤维膜。通过对用甲醇处理后的具有不同共混比例的超细纤维膜进行FE-SEM、FTIR、XRD和DSC观察测试,分析比较了不同共混比例的复合超细纤维膜的形貌、结构,并进行力学性能测试。结果表明:随着聚丁二酸丁二醇酯共混质量比的增加,复合超细纤维的平均直径从289 nm增大到425 nm;复合超细纤维的结晶性能随之提高;复合超细纤维膜的拉伸破坏应力先减小后增大,拉伸破坏应变逐渐增加;当共混质量比为50/50时,复合超细纤维膜表现出良好的力学性能,拉伸破坏应力接近于16 MPa,破坏应变达到50%。聚丁二酸丁二醇酯可有效调控丝素蛋白超细纤维膜的形貌、结构和力学性能。     

多壁碳纳米管/聚乳酸复合超细纤维的制备及性能

通过静电纺丝法制备出多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）增强聚乳酸（PLA）复合超细纤维膜。用扫描电镜、透射电镜、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析仪对MWNTs/PLA复合超细纤维进行了表征,并进行了拉伸测试。结果表明,MWNTs分散于PLA纤维中,随着MWNTs含量的增加,纤维平均直径先减小后增大,MWNTs的加入会降低PLA的结晶度...     

茶多酚-聚乳酸/聚碳酸丁二醇酯抗菌复合纤维膜的制备及性能

通过静电纺丝法制备了茶多酚(TP)-聚乳酸(PLA)/聚碳酸丁二醇酯(PBC)复合纤维膜。并采用SEM、FTIR、TG、接触角和抑菌测试进行了表征。研究表明,TP与PLA/PBC复合纤维薄膜共混良好,并且通过接触角测试10 s后接触角从105.42°下降到69.41°,TP的加入使TP-PLA/PBC复合纤维膜的热分解稳定性提高。随着TP含量的增加,纤维直径分布逐渐均匀并且趋于减小。TP-PLA/PBC复合纤维膜的抗菌活性远高于PLA/PBC复合纤维膜,对大肠杆菌(E.coli)的抗菌活性也略高于金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)。当TP的添加量(与PLA/PBC的质量比)为20%时,得到了亲水性、热稳定性和抗菌性能优异的TP-PLA/PBC复合纤维膜。      

聚乳酸/茶多酚复合纳米纤维膜抗菌机理

将茶多酚(TP)与聚乳酸(PLA)共混,采用静电纺丝方法制备PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)测试、抑菌圈法及流式细胞仪(FACS)对复合纳米纤维膜的成分、抗菌性能及抗菌机理进行研究。FT-IR测试结果验证了PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜中通过价键的结合使两者复合在一起。抗菌测试结果显示:随着TP含量增加,复合纳米膜抗菌性能提高。对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈宽度分别从3.67cm和3.71cm增加到5.17cm和5.67cm。FACS结果表明:PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜对比纯PLA纳米纤维膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的PI染色率明显增加,分别从0.78%和1.45%增加到6.47%和9.26%,揭示了PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜能够破坏菌体细胞膜的完整性,最终导致其死亡。     

聚乳酸/茶多酚复合纳米纤维膜的热性能与润湿性能

采用静电纺丝方法,在单一聚乳酸(PLA)纳米纤维基础上负载茶多酚(TP),制备出不同质量混比的PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜,并通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)及接触角仪对该材料的热性能及润湿性能进行测试分析。DSC测试结果表明,相较于纯PLA纳米纤维膜,添加TP后的复合纳米纤维膜的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)数值上没有较大变化,熔融温度(Tm)有上升趋势,并且两者峰型均变得不显著。接触角测试结果表明,添加TP后的复合纳米纤维膜的接触角较纯PLA纳米纤维膜有减小趋势,并且随着复合薄膜中PLA含量的减少,TP含量的增加,接触角继续减小,润湿性能得到一定的改善,但仍属于疏水材料范畴。     

静电纺PLA/PCL复合纳米纤维膜的制备及性能研究

为了减轻溢油事件给生态环境和人们生产生活带来的影响，以天然可降解聚乳酸(PLA)和聚己内酯(PCL)为材料，采用静电纺制备不同共混比的PLA/PCL复合纳米纤维膜用于疏水吸油。利用扫描电子显微镜观察纤维表面形貌，并测试不同共混比PLA/PCL纤维膜的直径、拉伸性能、水接触角、吸油倍率和保油率。研究结果表明，随着PCL添加量的增加，纤维直径减小，断裂强度减小，而纳米纤维膜的断裂伸长率则从原来的72.53%增加到了118.45%,具有良好的韧性；共混后的PLA/PCL纳米纤维膜的水接触角最高可达140.56°,相比纯PLA纳米纤维膜水接触角增加了2.66°,对机油、花生油和菜籽油的最大吸油倍率分别为47.10g/g、41.13g/g和37.93g/g,对机油的保油率最高可达76.16%,具有良好的疏水亲油性能。     

PLA/PCL共混膜的制备及性能研究

目的研究PCL含量对PLA/PCL共混包装膜性能的影响,以改善PLA的韧性。方法将不同质量比的PLA和PCL树脂均匀混合,而后熔融挤出吹膜制得PLA/PCL共混膜。对制得的共混膜进行力学性能测试,获得拉伸强度和断裂伸长率,再通过扫描电镜分析观察其微观断面,采用DSC测试分析其熔融结晶行为,通过氧气透过性能和透湿性能的测试获得其阻隔性能。结果通过扫描电镜与红外光谱发现,PLA与PCL为两相结构,界面不相容;力学性能显示当PCL的质量少于20%时,对PLA的增韧效果不明显;当PCL的质量为50%时,PLA的断裂伸长率从2.9%提高到290%;DSC结果发现,PCL的加入有助于降低PLA的玻璃化转变温度,提高结晶度;阻隔性能结果表明,随着PCL质量比的增大,共混膜的氧气透过系数和透湿系数下降,阻隔性得到提高。结论 PCL的加入能提高PLA的韧性,当PCL与PLA质量比为3∶7时,共混膜具有最佳的性能。     

PLA/TCMC静电纺丝膜的制备及溶液中Cu2+离子的去除

采用静电纺丝技术制备不同质量比的PLA/TCMC静电共混纺丝膜,并通过FTIR、TG、DSC及拉伸测试进行表征.同时将质量比为60∶40的静电共混纺丝膜应用于溶液中Cu2+去除研究,考察了初始浓度、流动时间、使用次数等对静电共混纺丝膜去除溶液中Cu2+的能力.结果表明:PLA与TCMC的质量比为60∶40时,纺丝才能得到的纤维直径比较均匀,纤维形貌较好、具有较好的热稳定性和拉伸强度;静电共混纺丝膜能一定程度地去除溶液中的铜离子,其去除率最高可达13.77%;去除率受初始浓度的影响,当初始浓度为40mg/L时去除率最高;随着处理时间的增大,使用次数的增加,膜对溶液的去除率逐渐降低,膜的使用效果逐渐减弱.     

聚乳酸/丝素复合纳米纤维的制备及其血液相容性研究

采用静电纺丝技术制备了不同质量比例的PLA/SF复合纳米纤维膜和不同载药量的PLA/SF复合纳米纤维膜。用傅里叶变换红外光谱和毛细流动孔隙测量仪研究复合纳米纤维膜的结构和孔隙分布率;以溶血实验、动态凝血实验和血小板粘附实验研究PLA/SF混比及载药量对复合纳米纤维膜血液相容性的影响。结果表明:PLA和SF复合后,SF分子排列更加规整,且质量比为8/1和8/3的复合纳米纤维膜孔隙分布集中;添加抗凝血药物阿司匹林的纳米纤维膜的溶血率都在1%以下,且动态凝血相对吸光度值都在90%以上,比不添加阿司匹林的复合纳米纤维膜高7%左右。     

静电纺主要参数对PLA/姜黄素超细纤维形貌及直径的影响

为了研究静电纺主要工艺参数对聚乳酸（PLA）/姜黄素超细纤维形貌及直径的影响,以丙酮和三氯甲烷的混合液为溶剂,调节姜黄素质量分数、纺丝电压、速率和接收距离分别制备不同规格的超细纤维。通过扫描电镜（SEM）对制备的超细纤维形貌进行观察并应用Photoshop CS 3.0软件对超细纤维直径进行测量统计,发现在本实验范围内...     

纳米羟基磷灰石/玉米醇溶蛋白复合超细纤维的制备与性能

利用静电纺丝制备出纳米羟基磷灰石(nHA)/玉米醇溶蛋白(zein)复合超细纤维。通过场发射扫描电镜、透射电镜观察了纳米羟基磷灰石/玉米醇溶蛋白复合超细纤维的形貌;利用红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪对纳米羟基磷灰石/玉米醇溶蛋白复合超细纤维结构和性能进行表征,并进行了拉伸测试。结果表明,随着超细纤维中羟基磷灰石含量的增加,纤维的直径先减小后增大,纤维中纳米羟基磷灰石的结晶逐渐变好。相比于玉米醇溶蛋白超细纤维,含有质量分数为25%羟基磷灰石的复合超细纤维仍具有较好的力学性能。     

PBS-SF核-壳结构复合超细纤维膜的制备及性能

利用同轴静电纺丝方法, 制备聚丁二酸丁二酯(PBS)-丝素蛋白(SF)核-壳结构复合超细纤维膜, 并对复合超细纤维膜进行FE-SEM、 TEM形态表征, 分析了内层纺丝流率对纤维形貌的影响; 通过FTIR和XRD测试, 比较了甲醇处理前后复合超细纤维膜分子结构和结晶性能的变化, 并进行力学性能测试。结果表明: 通过对纤维核层PBS、 壳层SF和横截面的观察, 复合超细纤维有明显的核-壳结构, 可以清晰看出纤维的核层PBS和壳层SF; 随着核层纺丝流率的增大, 超细纤维的平均直径增大; 甲醇处理后, 复合超细纤维膜中壳层SF分子结构由无规构象转变为β-折叠构象, 复合超细纤维膜核层衍射吸收强度减小, 但整个核-壳结构复合超细纤维膜结晶性能无明显变化; 甲醇处理后拉伸破坏应力从14.9 MPa增大到17.2 MPa, 但拉伸破坏应变从96.8%减小到81.8%。      

熔融静电纺制备超细取向纤维膜及其性能

采用熔融静电纺丝技术,利用高速滚筒制备超细取向纤维膜,以纺丝距离、纺丝电压、滚筒转速进行三因素三水平正交实验,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),探究各个因素对纤维取向度和纤维直径的影响,确定制备超细取向纤维膜的最优化工艺条件。同时,借助差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、拉伸实验及接触角测量仪对超细取向纤维膜的结晶性能、机械性能及疏水性进行了测试分析,并与平板接收的无序纤维膜进行对比。结果表明:当纺丝距离为10cm、纺丝电压为10kV、滚筒转速为1000r/min时,超细取向纤维表面光滑,纤维直径较小,排列紧密,具有良好的取向度,且超细取向纤维膜结晶度有所提升,水接触角变大,表现出较好的疏水性。同时,经过热压后的超细取向纤维膜机械性能明显提升。     

Structure and properties of novel electrospun tussah silk fibroin/poly(lactic acid) composite nanofibers

The tussah silk fibroin (TSF)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composite nanofibers with different composition ratios were prepared by electrospinning with 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol as the solvent. The morphology and secondary structure of the fibers were characterized by Scanning electronic microscope, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermal and mechanical tests were also performed. The spinnability of TSF solution was improved significantly through adding 10% PLA, and the average diameter of the fibers decreased from 583 nm to 178 nm with an obvious improvement in fiber diameter uniformity. In addition, the mechanical properties of electrospun nanofibers increased evidently after blending 10% PLA, whereas the thermal properties kept stable. FTIR and XRD analysis indicated the addition of 5% PLA could induce a conformation transformation of TSF from random coil and α-helix to β-sheet, however, when PLA content was more than 10%, the β-sheet structure of TSF in composite nanofibers decreased, and the phase separation of two compositions occurred. Therefore, when PLA content exceeded 15%, the average diameters of TSF/PLA composite nanofibers increased and appeared to be polarized, moreover, the mechanical properties of the fibers decreased with the increase of PLA content, and the fibers displayed the mechanical behavior of PLA component more.     

利用静电纺丝技术制备纳米黏土/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维与其表征

利用静电纺丝技术制备了纳米黏土/聚乳酸(PLA)复合纳米纤维,并将该复合纳米纤维收集成无纺布薄膜,采用SEM和TEM观察了复合纳米纤维的微观形貌和结构,分别利用XRD和TGA测试了复合纳米纤维的结晶行为及热学行为,并分析了复合纳米纤维薄膜的拉伸力学性能随纳米黏土含量的变化关系。结果表明:当PLA含量为10wt%、纳米黏土含量为1wt%、CHCl3与DMF体积比为3∶1溶剂条件下,所制备的纳米黏土/PLA复合纳米纤维的细度和均匀性均得到改善;XRD测试结果表明,纳米黏土成功附着在PLA中。TGA和力学测试结果表明,纳米黏土/PLA复合纳米纤维的热稳定性和力学性能相对于纯PLA纤维有较大幅度提高,当纳米黏土含量为1wt%时,其初始分解温度提高了60℃,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弹性模量分别提高了111.3%、74.9%和20.0%。     

纳米二氧化钛含量对秸秆/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

目的 为改善纤维增强聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料增强相与基体相之间差的界面结合。方法 以秸秆粉(SP)为填料,纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)作为界面改性剂,构建SP/PLA复合材料相容界面,通过力学性能测试、吸水率测试、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和热重分析法(TGA)等表征手段,探究不同含量纳米二氧化钛对SP/PLA复合材料力学性能和界面相容性的影响。结果 研究发现,纳米二氧化钛的质量分数为2.0%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别达到42.78 MPa和91.25 MPa,其耐水性能、结晶度、耐热性能也达到最好。结论 纳米二氧化钛可有效提高秸秆/聚乳酸复合材料的性能。     

Enhancement of the mechanical properties of polylactic acid/basalt fiber composites via in-situ assembling silica nanospheres on the interface

A valid strategy to tailor the properties of polylactic acid for more extensive applications was introducing filler.In this work,basalt fiber assembled with in-situ SiO2 nanoparticles on the surface was successfully prepared via hydrothermal method and it was further treated with coupling agent KH-550 to improve interfacial interaction between polylactic acid(PLA)and basalt fibers(BF).It was demonstrated that the introduction of BFS could increase the crystallization of PLA and resulted in forming trans-crystallization based on TG and DSC results.The tensile strength of PLA/BF composites raised from 39 MPa to 62.5 MPa with increasing the fiber loading from 1 wt％to 10 wt％.Furthermore,the interfacial interaction could be effectively improved by assembling SiO2(especially with 250 nm in diameter)on BF surface to build mechanical locking,which could keep the PLA matrix in place during the mechanical deformation with the tensile strength value raised from 62.5 MPa to 74.0 MPa.It is noticeable that the impact and flexural properties were effectively increased with the incorporation of in-situ SiO2 nanoparticles.The further KH-550 treatment made a positive impact as well.For instance,the impact strength and flexural strength of the sample with SiO2 and KH-550 modification were improved to 22.49 kJ/m2 and 146.83 MPa and it enhanced about 42.16％and 41.04％than those of neat PLA,respectively.Therefore,an efficient enhancement of mechanical performance was achieved and this concept of assembling in-situ SiO2 on silica-based fiber as a modifier was a novel and simple path to design the interfacial construction and properties of the polymer composites.     

Thermo-mechanical characterization of Manicaria Saccifera natural fabric reinforced poly-lactic acid composite lamina

The development and thermo-mechanical characterization of a novel green composite lamina, made of PolyLactic Acid (PLA) reinforced with a natural fabric extracted from Manicaria Saccifera palm, are presented. The composite was characterized by thermal-analysis (TGA), tensile, flexural, and izod impact tests, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). TGA analysis showed that the degradation process of the composite started earlier than that of neat PLA due to the lower thermal stability of the fabric. The mechanical tests showed that PLA properties were improved. The tensile strength, elastic modulus and impact resistance were improved by 26%, 51% and 56% respectively. Good dispersion and mechanical interlocking of PLA into the fabric were seen by SEM explaining the improvements of the mechanical properties of the composite. In summary, the good tensile properties and the excellent energy absorption capabilities of the MF/PLA composite lamina show great potential of Manicaria fabric as reinforcement in green composites.