二甲基丙烯酸酯的RAFT交联聚合行为

将3种双硫酯链转移剂用于二甲基丙烯酸酯的可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)交联聚合体系。使用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)研究了RAFT交联聚合行为和反应动力学;用动态力学分析方法(DMA)表征了交联聚合物结构。结果表明,二甲基丙烯酸酯的RAFT交联聚合前期具有"活性"聚合特征;交联聚合动力学受链转移剂种类及用量的影响;与通常自由基交联聚合物相比,RAFT交联聚合物具有更加均匀的交联网络。     

双硫酯对RAFT自由基交联聚合动力学和交联结构的影响

使用差示扫描量热(DSC)、萃取/平衡溶胀和动态力学分析(DMA)研究了双硫酯结构对二甲基丙烯酸酯可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)自由基聚合速率、凝胶行为和交联结构的影响。聚合速率取决于双硫酯Z基团的稳定作用,Z基团为苯基时聚合速率最慢,Z基团为环己基时聚合速率最快;二硫代苯甲酸苄酯(BDB)中Z基团的强稳定作用使中间态自由基浓度增大,中间态自由基的双基终止导致凝胶点提前;环己基二硫代甲酸苄酯(BCDC)中Z基团的弱稳定作用使反应控制能力下降,不利于交联网络的均匀性。     

二甲基丙烯酸酯的ATRP交联聚合及交联结构均匀性

使用动态力学分析方法(DMA)对二甲基丙烯酸酯常规自由基交联聚合(CRP)和原子转移自由基交联聚合(ATRP)产物的结构进行了分析。结果表明,ATRP交联聚合可以改善交联网络均匀性;随单体双键之间链段长度的增加,交联结构更加均匀。ATRP对交联结构均匀性的改善与其聚合机理有关,初级链的同步增长以及悬挂双键的均匀分布有利于抑制微凝胶的形成,获得均匀的交联结构。     

二甲基丙烯酸酯原子转移自由基聚合行为和交联结构

通过差示扫描量热法研究了二甲基丙烯酸酯原子转移自由基(ATRP)交联聚合的反应动力学,用平衡溶胀法跟踪了交联结构的形成和发展。结果表明,二甲基丙烯酸酯ATRP的聚合速率比通常自由基聚合慢得多,不出现明显的自加速效应,交联网络结构更疏松。单体双键之间的链段长度对其ATRP交联聚合行为和交联结构有较大影响,随链段长度增加,聚合反应速率放慢,双键的转化率下降,交联网络结构更加均匀和疏松。     

不同交联密度体系的原子转移自由基聚合行为和交联结构

使用差示扫描量热(DSC)和动态力学分析(DMA)方法研究了甲基丙烯酸酯/二甲基丙烯酸酯原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)体系交联密度与聚合行为的关系。在低交联密度体系中交联单体用量增加导致聚合速率加快,在高交联密度体系中悬挂双键反应能力成为决定聚合速率的主要因素;微波辐射可以增强悬挂双键的反应能力,促进交联聚合;交联单体用量增加导致交联密度增大,网络均匀性变差。     

RAFT聚合制备Fe_3O_4/GO-POEGMA复合凝胶

原位合成了Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子修饰的氧化石墨烯(GO)复合物,并以聚乙二醇甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯(OEGMA)作为反应单体,聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(OEGDMA)为交联剂,S-1-十二烷基-S′-(α,α′-二甲基-α″-乙酸)三硫代碳酸酯(TTC)作为RAFT试剂,通过可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合(RAFT)合成Fe3O4/GO增强的POEGMA复合凝胶。通过红外光谱、透射电镜等研究了产物的结构和形貌,测试了复合凝胶的磁性能与力学性能,探讨了聚合反应温度、交联度以及Fe3O4/GO复合物含量对复合凝胶力学性能的影响。结果显示,交联度增加,复合凝胶力学性能提高;50℃反应,复合凝胶力学性能随Fe3O4/GO复合物含量增加而提高;升高反应温度,复合凝胶结构变得不均匀,力学性能降低,并且Fe3O4/GO复合物的含量对力学性能的影响也变得复杂。     

活性可控聚合制备水溶性单壁碳纳米管

利用一种活性可控聚合方法--可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合将水溶性聚合物以共价键接枝到单壁碳纳米管的表面,从而制得一种水溶性的单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT).RAFT聚合采用丙烯酸作为单体,双硫酯(PhCS(S)CH(CH3)Ph)为链移剂.结果表明:聚丙烯酸(PAA)已通过共价键接到单壁碳纳米管表面.经RAFT聚合得到的单壁碳纳米管表面接枝聚丙烯酸(PAA-g-SWCNT)在水中的溶解性得到了显著改善.     

亲水拒油型含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物的制备与性能

首先通过可逆-加成断裂链转移自由基聚合法(RAFT)制备出大分子链转移剂CTA-Fn A(n=1,3,6,8),然后使用还原剂正己胺(HA)将双硫代酯还原成活性巯基(-SH),然后采用"烯-巯"点击法将聚乙二醇单烯丙基醚APEG1200与末端含有巯基的聚含氟丙烯酸酯(PFn A)连接,成功制备出聚含氟丙烯酸酯-b-聚乙二醇单烯丙基醚[PFn A-b-APEG1200(n=1,3,6,8)]两亲性嵌段共聚物.通过采用氟烷基数目不同的单体聚合,获得了含有不同侧基与侧链长度的聚含氟丙烯酸酯嵌段[PFnA(n=1,3,6,8)],可对聚合物涂层的表面润湿性进行调控.     

两亲梳型嵌段共聚物的合成及其共混改性聚醚砜超滤膜的抗污染性研究

以咔唑二硫代甲酸苄基酯为RAFT试剂引发苯乙烯(St)聚合,制备PSt大分子RAFT试剂,再调控大分子单体丙烯酸聚乙二醇单甲醚酯(A-mPEG)聚合,合成了窄相对分子质量分布、主链和支链不同、相对分子质量不同的两亲梳型嵌段共聚物Pst-b-P(A-mPEG).用1H-NMR和GPC对聚合物结构进行了表征.将制得的PSt-b-P(A-mPEG)与聚醚砜(PES)共混,经相转化法制备了超滤膜,研究了梳型嵌段共聚物中接枝密度与接枝链长度对膜抗污性能的影响.研究表明,在不降低膜的原始通量条件下,PSt-b-P(A-mPEG)改性PES超滤膜具有良好的抗牛血清蛋白(BSA)污染的能力,改性膜比未改性膜显示出较大的通量恢复率.     

活性自由基聚合的白藜芦醇分子印迹聚合物的合成及在葡萄皮白藜芦醇分析中的应用

RAFT试剂介入制备白藜芦醇分子印迹聚合物并用于实际样品中白藜芦醇的分离富集。以二苄基三硫代碳酸酯(DBTTC)为RAFT试剂,以白藜芦醇为印迹化合物,以丙烯酰胺作为功能单体,利用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合法(RAFT)制备了白藜芦醇分子印迹聚合物。利用扫描电镜、红外光谱和色谱法考察了单体与交联剂比例、引发剂用量、溶剂用量、反应时间和反应温度对印迹聚合物形态结构、印迹聚合物的识别能力及分离效率的影响。结果显示,利用RAFT聚合法制备的白藜芦醇分子印迹聚合物对模板分子的结合量Q达到1 283μg/g,并具有特异性识别作用。通过活性自由基聚合法合成的分子印迹聚合物具有更好的形态结构,对目标分子具有较高的吸附效率。     

Photopolymerization behavior of di(meth)acrylate oligomers

Photo-initiated polymerizations of two series of di(meth)acrylate oligomers, one bisphenol-A based and the other ethylene glycol based, with a camphorquinone/tertiary amine radical photo-initiator system were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Bisphenol-A based oligomers polymerized much faster than ethylene glycol based oligomers because the higher viscosity of E-bis-A oligomers induced an autoacceleration upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation; however, higher vinyl conversions were observed with ethylene glycol oligomers due to their greater segmental mobility and elastomeric character of the cured networks. The two series also showed very different temperature dependence for vinyl group conversion. The polymerization rate of E-bis-A DMA oligomers increased when the number of oxyethyl units increased from four to six, but the rate decreased when the spacer length further increased. The exponential factors of the rate dependence on the CQ concentration for all the oligomers were smaller than 0.5. Below 70°C, the maximum rate of polymerization increased with temperature, and yielded apparent activation energies between 10.3–11.6kJ/mol. At temperatures >80°C, the reduced viscosity and improved segmental mobility suppressed autoacceleration, causing the maximum rate to decrease with an increase of temperature.     

Polybutylacrylate/poly(methyl methacrylate) Core-Shell Elastic Particles as Epoxy Resin Toughener:Part Ⅰ Design and Preparation

Polybutylacrylate (PBA)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PM MA) core-shell elastic particles (CSEP), whose rubbery core diameterranged from 0.08 μm to 1.38 μm, were synthesized by using conventional emulsion polymerization, multi-step emulsion polymerization, and soapless polymerization. Allyl methacylate (ALMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) were selected as crosslinking reagents for core polymerization. Methacrylic acid (MAA) was used as functional co-monomer with methyl methacrylate as shell component. The content of vinyl groups in PBA rubbery core increased with the amount of crosslinking reagents. The core-shell ratio affected great on the morphology of the complex particles. Furthermore, the amounts of carboxyl on the surface of core-shell particles, copolymerized with acrylic acid, were determined by potentiometric titration. Results showed that methylacrylic acid was distributed mostly on the surface of particles.     

Polybutylacrylate/poly(methyl methacrylate) Core-Shell Elastic Particles as Epoxy Resin Toughener: Part I Design and Preparation

Polybutylacrylate (PBA)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) core-shell elastic particles (CSEP), whose rubbery core diameter ranged from 0.08 μm to 1.38μm, were synthesized by using conventional emulsion polymerization, multi-step emulsion polymerization, and soapless polymerization. Allyl methacylate (ALMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) were selected as crosslinking reagents for core polymerization. Methacrylic acid (MAA) was used as functional co-monomer with methyl methacrylate as shell component. The content of vinyl groups in PBA rubbery core increased with the amount of crosslinking reagents. The core-shell ratio affected great on the morphology of the complex particles. Furthermore, the amounts of carboxyl on the surface of core-shell particles, copolymerized with acrylic acid, were determined by potentiometric titration. Results showed that methylacrylic acid was distributed mostly on the surface of particles.     

高吸油树脂的合成及回用研究

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)及丙烯酸异辛酯(EHA)为共聚单体,二甲基丙烯酸乙醇酯( EGDMA)为交联剂,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,明胶为分散剂,活性磷酸钙(ATCP)为助分散剂,采用悬浮聚合法在3L四口烧瓶中合成了三元共聚高吸油树脂.讨论了吸油时间、单体配比、交联剂用量及引发剂用量对树脂吸油...     

含氟聚丙烯酸酯功能材料的制备与性能研究

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和聚乙二醇-400(PEG-400)为乳化剂,采用半连续乳液聚合法制备了丙烯酸六氟丁酯(HFBA)-丙烯酸丁酯(BA)-甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)共聚物乳液,考察了丙烯酸丁酯与甲基丙烯酸甲酯摩尔比对乳液所成薄膜力学性能及耐水性的影响,并优化了丙烯酸六氟丁酯的用量。结果表明,薄膜的抗张强度随BA与MMA摩尔比的减小而增大,耐水性增强,但断裂伸长率降低;薄膜的耐水性随着氟单体用量的增大而增强。SEM-EDS显示含氟组分易向薄膜-空气界面迁移;接触角测定结果表明加入氟单体后薄膜表面与水的接触角增大。     

Swelling behavior and drug release of NIPAAm/PEGMEA copolymeric hydrogels with different crosslinkers

Poly(ethylene glycol) methylether acrylate (PEGMEA) and tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TEGDA) were first synthesized. The thermosensitive hydrogels were then prepared from N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), PEGMEA, and three crosslinkers with different structures such as N, N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (NMBA), TEGDA, and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (EGDMA). The influence of polymerization factors such as the kind and amount of crosslinker and initial total monomer concentration on the swelling behavior, gel strength, effective crosslinking densities, and number-average molecular weight between crosslink points ( ) for the present copolymeric hydrogels was investigated. The results indicate that the swelling ratios for the present copolymeric gels decrease with increase in temperature. In addition, the results also showed that the higher swelling ratios for the present gels prepared from TEGDA were obtained due to the larger space between the gel networks. The crosslinking density depends on the swelling ratio and the kind and extent of crosslinker. In addition, the drug release behavior for the present copolymeric gels was investigated.     

Surface-imprinted core-shell nanoparticles for sorbent assays

In this paper, we present a general protocol for the making of surface-imprinted core-shell nanoparticles via surface reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization using RAFT agent functionalized model silica nanoparticles as the chain-transfer agent. In this protocol, trichloro(4-chloromethylphenyl)silane was immobilized on the surface of SiO2 nanoparticles, forming chloromethylphenyl functionalized silica (silica-Cl). RAFT agent functionalized silica was subsequently produced by substitute reaction of silica-Cl with PhC(S)SMgBr. The grafting copolymerization of 4-vinylpyridine and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate using surface RAFT polymerization and in the presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid as the template led to the formation of surface-imprinted core-shell nanoparticles. The resulting surface-imprinted core-shell nanoparticles bind the original template 2,4-D with an appreciable selectivity over structurally related compounds. The potential use of the surface-imprinted core-shell nanoparticles as the recognition element in the competitive fluorescent binding assay for 2,4-D was also demonstrated.     

Crosslinking of copolymer thin films by initiated chemical vapor deposition for hydrogel applications

The ability of initiated chemical vapor deposition to finely tune crosslinking densities in copolymer thin films has been used to develop a functional, reactive hydrogel system. The system consists of poly[maleic anhydride-co-dimethyl acrylamide-co-di(ethylene glycol) divinyl ether] films covalently attached to silicon substrates using the coupling agent 3-aminopropylethoxydimethylsilane. The swelling of the films in water is pH-dependent, with a maximum swelling ratio of 11 at pH = 8. The hydrogel was also functionalized with 0.1 M cysteamine solutions in 2-propanol for 30 min to convert 97% of the anhydride functional groups to carboxylic acid and amide functionalities, confirmed by XPS and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The functionalization yielded free thiol groups at the surface, which were used to attach CdSe/ZnS core-shell semiconductor nanoparticles to the hydrogels.