正交法研究PFS和PAM对印染废水的处理

利用正交法设计实验，研究聚合硫酸铁和聚丙烯酰胺对印染废水进行混凝处理。研究结果表明，复合絮凝剂处理印染废水效果较好，最佳组合方式为：温度为50℃，pH值为7，聚合硫酸铁投加量为1000mg／L，聚丙烯酰胺的用量为8mg／L，搅拌5min，对印染废水处理得到较为满意的效果，ODD的去除率为85．8％左右，经处理后水的透光率可达87．6％。     

聚合硫酸铁—聚丙烯酰胺复合絮凝处理焦化废水生化出水的研究

用聚合硫酸铁(PFS)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)絮凝处理焦化废水生化出水。结果表明,在不调节废水pH值条件下,PFS和PAM投加量分别为1.0mL和1.2mg/L时,TOC去除率可达70%左右,且适当碱化水解可有效提高PAM絮凝效果。实验得出的最佳操作参数可有效指导生产。     

絮凝气浮法处理环烷酸废水研究

对絮凝法处理环烷酸废水过程中有重要影响的因素进行了小试实验研究,得出了去除废水中CODcr的最佳絮凝条件：选用聚合硫酸铁(PFS) 阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(PHP)药剂,PFS投药质量浓度为275mg／L,PHP投药质量浓度为8mg／L;pH值对絮凝没有影响;温度对絮凝效果有影响,温度越低絮凝效果越好。以小试实验数据为依据,确定中试实验最佳投药量,PFS为275mg／L,PHP为6．7mg／L,在此条件下处理环烷酸废水,CODcr去除率达到83．1％。     

改性粉煤灰复配阳离子聚丙烯酰胺处理焦化废水的研究

利用改性粉煤灰复配阳离子聚丙烯酰胺处理焦化废水,研究了配比、搅拌时间、投加量和pH值对CODcr去除率的影响.结果表明:阳离子聚丙烯酰胺与改性粉煤灰最佳配比为100 mg/g,最佳投加量为25 g/L,最佳搅拌时间为60 min,最佳pH值为9,在最佳条件下,COD.r去除率达60.5％.     

水性油墨废水混凝工艺的优化研究

采用混凝法对水性油墨废水进行处理,探讨了混凝剂种类及投加量、混凝最佳pH值、助凝剂种类及投加量等因素对混凝效果的影响。结果表明,当混凝剂硫酸亚铁投加量为200 mg/L,助凝剂聚丙烯酰胺投加量为2.5 mg/L,pH值为5,沉降时间为40 min时,处理后的废水色度去除率达97%以上,COD去除率达92%以上。     

酸化-混凝处理高浓度聚丙烯酰胺生产废水

采用酸化-混凝法处理高浓度聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）生产废水。聚合氯化铝（PAC）、聚合氯化铝铁（PAFC）、聚合硫酸铁（PFS）和三氯化铁（FeCl₃）作为混凝剂,不同电性的聚丙烯酰胺作为絮凝剂,以COD去除率作为评价参数,在不同pH条件下对PAM废水进行混凝处理。结果表明PAC与Kemira阳离子絮凝剂配合使用效果最好。最佳工艺条件如下：废水pH 6.5,PAC投加量200 mg/L,Kemira阳离子絮凝剂A或B投加量为1 mg/L,在此条件下废水COD去除率达到83.2%以上,TDS去除率达到36.8%左右。该方法操作简便、能耗低、去除效果好。     

钢铁酸洗废液污染物质对污水处理效果的影响

以硫酸亚铁、硫酸为原料,添加一定量的丙三醇、磷酸二氢钾、硫酸铵,模拟钢铁酸洗废液,并用氯酸钠进行氧化聚合制备聚合硫酸铁。利用制备的各聚合硫酸铁产品按照常规投加量(0.05%～0.2%)投加到混合污水进行处理试验,结合试验结果并参照DB 32/1072—2018《太湖地区城镇污水处理厂及重点工业行业主要水污染物排放限值》,建议钢铁酸洗废液控制污染物指标为COD≤50 000 mg/L、TP≤650 mg/L、氨氮≤400 mg/L。     

PFS混凝组合Ca(ClO)_2氧化深度处理焦化废水实验研究

采用聚合硫酸铁(PFS)混凝组合次氯酸钙〔Ca(ClO)_2〕氧化对焦化废水进行深度处理。通过单因素实验确定了最佳工艺条件:不调节废水pH,PFS投加量1.4 m L/L,Ca(ClO)_2投加量0.8 mg/L,氧化反应时间30 min,在此条件下,处理后出水COD为78 mg/L,浊度在1 NTU以下。紫外吸收光谱分析结果表明,废水中有机物浓度有了明显降低。该组合工艺为开发低成本焦化废水深度处理工艺提供了新途径。     

磁絮凝去除工业废水中铜离子的试验研究

采用磁絮凝对工业废水中重金属铜离子进行试验研究,讨论了聚合硫酸铁(PFS)投加量、静沉时间、温度、pH值、磁粉投加量对处理效果的影响.试验结果表明PFS投加量为100mg/L,pH值为8.0,静沉时间为20min,磁粉投加量为400mg/L时对含铜废水有良好的处理效果,铜离子去除率超过了97%,出水铜离子的质量浓度低于...     

糖蜜酒精废液的中和-絮凝处理研究

采用石灰乳中和糖蜜酒精废液，对中和后的废液的絮凝处理进行了研究。结果表明，在所考察的有机高分子絮凝剂中，相对分子质量为600—900万的阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺(PHP—2)的絮凝沉降效果最好，较适宜的操作参数：pH=8．00，投药量=0．9mg／L废水，搅拌速度=200r／min，搅拌时间为6min。在该操作条件下将PHP—2与PAC(聚合氯化铝)进行复配，结果显示复配后的矾花颗粒增大，沉降速度明显加快，当PAC投加量为30mg／L废水时，5—7min能将悬浮物基本沉降完全。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.