光纤Bragg光栅校准可调谐F-P滤波器解调系统的研究

基于可调谐光纤(TF)Fabry-Pent(F-P)滤波扫描传感光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)反射的原理,针对可调谐光纤F-P滤波器的透射波长与驱动电压的非线性与不重复性,提出一种新颖的利用置于恒温箱内的FBG来提供波长参考,得到光纤F-P滤波器小范围内的电压—波长线性关系,对一温度传感器进行了试验检测,在30~130℃范围内,系统的平均偏差为0.52℃。     

迟滞和蠕变补偿的F-P滤波器波长解调方法研究

在光纤布拉格光栅(Fiber Bragg grating, FBG)的波长解调方法中,可调谐法布里-珀罗(Fabry Perot, F-P)滤 波器解调法使用较多,但F-P滤波器中锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷（Pb(Zr1xTix)O3,PZT）的迟滞和蠕变使F-P滤波器输出波长随时间非线性变化,带来波长解调误差大、传感检测精 度低的问题。本文从研究F-P滤波器中的PZT迟滞和蠕变特性入手,提出了一种基于热标准具与PZT迟滞和蠕变补偿控制的F-P滤波器解调方法。控制PZT的驱动电压随时间非线性改变,使宽带光源经过F-P滤波器输出的波长能随时间等间隔变化,获得了随时间线性变化的标准具透射谱峰值波长,作为波长标尺的“刻度线”,为解调传感光栅的波长提供精确的波长基准。利用FBG测温的实验结果表明,本文提出的方法与未进行迟滞和蠕变补偿控制的方法相比 ,温度测量精度提高约20倍,温度测量误差小于0.5 ℃。     

基于最小二乘法的光纤光栅Bragg波长直线拟合

针对基于可调谐法布里珀罗(F-P)滤波器的光纤光栅解调系统存在波长解调准确度不够高的问题,从理论上系统地分析了在解调过程中对光纤光栅B ragg波长进行直线拟合的可行性,即光纤光栅B ragg波长与F-P滤波器的调谐电压之间存在线性相关性。在实验研究的基础上,用最小二乘法对光纤光栅B ragg波长和F-P滤波器的调谐电压进行直线拟合,结果表明:它们之间的确存在密切的线性相关性。为提高拟合的效果,提出了分段直线拟合,它可以使测量误差降低至少1个数量级,从而提高了F-P滤波器光纤光栅解调系统的准确度。     

基于DSP的光纤布拉格光栅波长解调系统

波长解调技术是光纤布拉格光栅在温度、应变测量等领域应用的关键技术,提出并实现了一种基于可调谐Fabry-Perot滤波器的波长解调系统设计方案.系统使用扫描控制信号作用于可调谐Fabry-Perot滤波器,DSP对扫描控制电压和布拉格光栅的反射波峰进行采样与处理,通过标准具和参考光栅对Fabry-Perot滤波器进行标定,使用数字滤波提高了数据的稳定性和分辨率.实验表明,该系统的解调效果很好,在结构简单的基础上能取得较好的精度与分辨率.     

基于LabVIEW的光纤光栅传感的动态解调

设计了一种基于LabVIEW和可调谐光滤波器的光纤光栅传感动态解调系统。用LabVIEW编写虚拟仪器(VI)程序,通过硬件接口由计算机控制可调谐光滤波器,使其在固定波长范围内扫描;采集电路对光电转换后的信号进行采集并送到计算机中分析处理,得到传感信号的反射波长以获得应变量。最后把传感解调系统的测试结果和光谱仪的测试结果进行比较,两者基本一致,说明了解调系统的设计是正确的。     

基于匹配滤波技术的数字化光纤光栅传感解调方法

报道了一种结合数字化技术对光纤光栅传感系统信号进行解调的方案.解调系统采用数字时钟信号产生锯齿波电压信号控制可调谐光纤法布里-珀罗滤波器,对光纤光栅进行扫描式搜寻,同时利用同步时钟信号控制数字采集卡实时读取搜寻到的数据.由于光纤光栅的反射谱是已知信号,因此采用数字匹配滤波技术对采集到的信号进行处理可以得到最大的信噪比.实验结果表明:系统在波长寻址范围为1 520-1 575 nm内,扫描频率1.5 Hz,波长分辨率可以达到2 pm以下.     

一种高精度光纤Bragg光栅传感器解调方法研究

为了提高光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)解调系统的波长解调精度,满足实际中高精度测量的需要,提出基于F-P可调谐滤波器和波长基准器,采用相关谱法和线性插值法相结合的处理技术。该方法不但可以有效地抑制噪声,而且,可以精确地检测波长漂移量。实验表明:采用此方法可使Bragg光栅波长分辨力和解调精度相对于传统的峰值检测法有很大提高,波长分辨力达到1 pm,温度测量精度达到±0.2℃。     

基于F-P标准具的光纤光栅应变传感解调系统

光纤光栅作为光纤无源器件,利用其能在窄带内形成滤波器或反射镜这一特性,在光纤通信、光纤传感等领域得到了广泛的应用。用步进电机调节射入F-P标准具光束的入射角可调节透过F-P标准具的光波波长,由聚焦在线阵CCD上的透射光的位置即可得到光栅反射光波的波长。经过试验证明:其测量精度达到0.1 nm。     

LabVIEW实现光纤光栅传感解调

结合虚拟仪器技术和光纤光栅传感技术,自行设计了一套光纤光栅传感解调系统.系统采用匹配解调法实现波长编码传感信号的解调,匹配光栅由压电陶瓷驱动,压电陶瓷上施加了正弦电压,从而传感信息转换为解调信号在一个正弦周期内相邻两波谷之间的时间间隔.LabVIEW解调程序是解调系统的关键部分,实现数据采集控制,解调信号提取,过程运算和结果显示.通过线性标定实验得到系统的传感解调特性,系统用于应变测量,应变分辨力为1με.     

光纤Bragg光栅传感网络实时监测与应变分析

作为一种绝对式传感器,波长调制式光纤Bragg光栅传感器对应变的响应为0.9pm/??。开发了基于可调谐F-P滤波器的检测仪器与计算机系统之间的实时监测系统。在对白泥井3号隧道的监测过程中,该光纤Bragg光栅传感网络实时监测系统实现了对来自隧道结构的应变状态的实时采集和描绘,并可以存储波长和应变数据以便后期查寻分析;借助分析光纤Bragg光栅传感器的应变图、三维应变图,为判断隧道二次衬砌的受力趋向提供参考。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。